294
Views
10
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Qualitative Models to Complement Quantitative Ecosystem Models for the Analysis of Data-Limited Marine Ecosystems and Fisheries

Pages 248-265 | Published online: 13 Sep 2010

REFERENCES

  • Beck , M. B. 1987 . Water quality modelling: A review of the analysis of uncertainty . Water Res. Res. , 23 : 1393 – 1442 .
  • Bender , E. A. , Case , T. J. and Gilpin , M. E. 1984 . Perturbation experiments in community ecology: Theory and practice . Ecol. , 65 : 1 – 13 .
  • Blanchard , J. L. , Pinnegar , J. K. and Mackinson , S. 2002 . Exploring marine mammal-fishery interactions using ‘Ecopath with Ecosim’: Modelling the Barents Sea ecosystem , Science Series Technical Report 117 52 Suffolk , , UK : CEFAS Lowestoft .
  • Bodini , A. 1998 . Representing ecosystem structure through signed diagraphs. Model reconstruction, qualitative predictions and management: The case of a freshwater ecosystem . Oikos , 83 : 93 – 106 .
  • Bondavalli , C. and Ulanowicz , R. E. 1999 . Unexpected effects of predators upon their prey: The case of the American alligator . Ecosystems , 2 : 49 – 63 .
  • Bruce , B. D. 1992 . Preliminary observations on the biology of the white shark, Carcharodon carcharias, in South Australian waters . Aust. J. Mar. Fresh. Res. , 43 : 1 – 11 .
  • Bulman , C. M. 2005 . Trophic webs and modelling of the North West Shelf. , 92 Hobart , , Australia : CSIRO, Marine Research . NWSJEMS Milestone Report, Task 2.6.
  • Bulman , C. M. , Althaus , F. , He , X. , Bax , N. J. and Williams , A. 2001 . Diets and trophic guilds of demersal fishes of the south-eastern Australian shelf . Mar. Fresh. Res. , 52 : 537 – 548 .
  • Bulman , C. M. , Condie , S. , Furlani , D. , Cahill , M. , Klaer , N. , Goldsworthy , S. D. and Knuckey , I. 2006 . Trophic dynamics of the eastern shelf and slope of the South East Fishery: Impacts of and on the fishery , 197 Hobart , , Australia : CSIRO, Marine and Atmospheric Research . Project no. 2002/028. Final report for Fisheries Research and Development Corporation
  • Bunce , A. and Norman , F. I. 2000 . Changes in the diet of the Australasian gannet (Morus serrator) in response to the 1998 mortality of pilchards (Sardinops sagax) . Mar. Fresh. Res. , 51 : 349 – 353 .
  • Butts , M. B. , Payne , J. T. , Kristensen , M. and Madsen , H. 2004 . An evaluation of the impact of model structure on hydrological modelling uncertainty for streamflow simulation . J. Hydro. , 298 : 242 – 266 .
  • Buxton , C. , Barrett , N. , Haddon , M. , Gardner , C. and Edgar , G. 2006 . Evaluating the effectiveness of marine protected areas as a fisheries management tool , 386 Hobart, Tasmania , , Australia : Tasmanian Aquaculture and Fisheries Institute, University of Tasmania . FRDC Final report No. 1999/162
  • Chen , Y. C. and Ma , H. W. 2006 . Model comparison for risk assessment: A case study of contaminated groundwater . Chemosphere , 63 : 751 – 761 .
  • Chiaradia , A. , Costalunga , A. and Knowles , K. 2003 . The diet of little penguins (Eudyptula minor) at Phillip Island, Victoria, in the absence of a major prey-pilchard (Sardinops sagax) . Emu , 103 : 43 – 48 .
  • Christensen , V. 1998 . Fishery-induced changes in a marine ecosystem: Insights from models of the Gulf of Thailand . J. Fish Biol. , 53 ( Suppl. 1 ) : 128 – 142 .
  • Christensen , V. , Guenette , S. , Heymans , J. J. , Walters , C. J. , Watson , R. , Zeller , D. and Pauly , D. 2003 . Hundred-year decline of North Atlantic predatory fishes . Fish Fish. , 4 : 1 – 24 .
  • Christensen , V. , Walters , C. J. and Pauly , D. 2005 . Ecopath with Ecosim: A User's Guide , 154 Vancouver , , Canada : Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia .
  • Clements , K. D. and Choat , J. H. 1997 . Comparison of herbivory in the closely-related marine fish genera Girella Kyphosus . Mar. Biol. , 127 : 579 – 586 .
  • Dambacher , J. M. , Li , H. W. and Rossignol , P. A. 2002 . Relevance of community structure in assessing indeterminacy of ecological predictions . Ecol. , 83 : 1372 – 1385 .
  • Dambacher , J. M. , Luh , H. , Li , H. W. and Rossignol , P. A. 2003 . Qualitative stability and ambiguity in model ecosystems . Am. Nat. , 161 : 876 – 888 .
  • Dambacher , J. M. , Levins , R. and Rossignol , P. A. 2005 . Life expectancy change in perturbed communities: Derivation and qualitative analysis . Math. Biosci. , 197 : 1 – 14 .
  • Dambacher , J. M. , Brewer , D. T. , Dennis , D. M. , Macintyre , M. and Foale , S. 2007 . Qualitative modelling of gold mine impacts on Lihir Island's socioeconomic system and reef-edge fish community . Env. Sci. Tech. , 41 : 555 – 562 .
  • Edgar , G. J. 2000 . Australian Marine Life: The Plants and Animals of Temperate Waters , 544 Sydney , , Australia : Reed New Holland .
  • Edgar , G. J. and Barrett , N. S. 1999 . Effects of the declaration of marine reserves on Tasmanian reef fishes, invertebrates and plants . J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. , 242 : 107 – 144 .
  • Edgar , G. and Shaw , C. 1995 . The production and trophic ecology of shallow-water fish assemblages in southern Australia. II. Diets of fishes and trophic relationships between fishes and benthos at Western Port, Victoria . J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. , 194 : 83 – 106 .
  • Essington , T. E. 2007 . Evaluating the sensitivity of a trophic mass-balance model (Ecopath) to imprecise data inputs . Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. , 64 : 628 – 637 .
  • FishBase. Available from www.fishbase.org
  • Fletcher , W. J. , Shaw , J. , Metcalf , S. J. and Gaughan , D. J. 2010 . An ecosystem based fisheries management framework: The efficient, regional-level planning tool for management agencies . Mar. Pol. , 34 : 1226 – 1238 .
  • Fulton , E. A. and Smith , T. 2002 . Ecosim case study: Port Phillip Bay, Australia . Fish. Cent. Res. Rep. , 10 : 83 – 93 .
  • Gasalla , M. A. and Rossi-Wongtschowski , C. L. D. B. 2004 . Contribution of ecosystem analysis to investigate the effects of changes in fishing strategies in the South Brazil Bight coastal ecosystem . Ecol. Mod. , 172 : 283 – 306 .
  • Goldsworthy , S. D. , Bulman , C. , Xi , H. , Larcombe , J. and Littman , C. 2003 . “ Trophic interactions between marine mammals and Australian fisheries: An ecosystem approach ” . In Marine Mammals: Fisheries Tourism and Management Issues , Edited by: Gales , N. , Hindell , M. and Kirkwood , R. 446 Collingwood , , Australia : CSIRO Publishing .
  • Grubert , M. A. 1996 . (1996) The reproductive biology, ecology and diet of the maori octopus (Octopus maorum) in Eaglehawk Bay, south-east Tasmania , 105 Hobart , , Australia : Department of Zoology, University of Tasmania .
  • Haddon , M. and Gardner , C. 2007 . Fishery assessment report: Tasmanian rock lobster fishery 2005/2006 , 63 Hobart , , Australia : Tasmanian Aquaculture and Fisheries Institute, University of Tasmania .
  • Hayes , K. R. , Lyne , V. , Dambacher , J. M. , Sharples , R. and Smith , R. 2008 . Ecological indicators for the exclusive economic zone waters of the south west marine region , 152 Hobart , , Australia : Department of the Environment and Heritage, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research . Final report (08/82) for the Australian Government
  • Healey , M. C. 1997 . Comment: The interplay of policy, politics, and science . Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. , 54 : 1427 – 1429 .
  • Hedd , A. and Gales , R. 2001 . The diet of shy albatrosses (Thalassarche cauta) at Albatross Island, Tasmania . J. Zool. , 253 : 69 – 90 .
  • Hill , S. J. , Watters , G. M. , Punt , A. E. , McAllister , M. K. , Le Quere , C. and Turner , J. 2007 . Model uncertainty in the ecosystem approach to fisheries . Fish and Fish. , 8 : 315 – 336 .
  • Hosack , G. R. , Hayes , K. R. and Dambacher , J. M. 2008 . Assessing uncertainty in the structure of ecological models through a qualitative analysis of system feedback and Bayesian belief networks . Ecol. Appl. , 18 : 1070 – 1082 .
  • House , J. I. , Prentice , I. C. , Ramankutty , N. , Houghton , R. A. and Heimann , M. 2003 . Reconciling apparent inconsistencies in estimates of terrestrial CO2 sources and sinks . Tell. Ser. B—Chem. Phys. Meteor. , 55 : 345 – 363 .
  • Howard , K. L. and Yoder , J. A. 1997 . “ Contribution of the subtropical ocean to global primary production ” . In Space and Remote Sensing of the Sub-Tropical Oceans , Edited by: Liu , C. T. 157 – 168 . New York : Pergamon .
  • Hume , F. , Hindell , M. A. , Pemberton , D. and Gales , R. 2004 . Spatial and temporal variation in the diet of a high trophic level predator, the Australian fur seal (Arctocephalus pusillis doriferus) . Mar. Biol. , 144 : 407 – 415 .
  • Imperial , M. T. 1999 . Institutional analysis and ecosystem-based management: The institutional analysis and development framework . Env. Man. , 24 : 449 – 465 .
  • Jentoft , S. 2004 . Institutions in fisheries: What are they, what do they do, and how they change . Mar. Pol. , 28 : 137 – 149 .
  • Johnson , C. R. , Valentine , J. P. and Pederson , H. G. A most unusual barrens: Complex interactions between lobsters, sea urchins and algae facilitates spread of an exotic kelp in eastern Tasmania . Proceedings of the 11th International Echinoderm Conference . October 6–10 2003 , Munich , Germany. Edited by: Heinzeller , T. and Nebelsick , J. H. pp. 213 – 220 .
  • Johnson , C. R. , Ling , S. D. , Ross , J. , Shepherd , S. and Miller , K. 2005 . Establishment of the long-spined sea urchin (Centrostephanus rodgersii) in Tasmania: First assessment of potential threats to fisheries , Australia : Fisheries Research and Development Corporation, Deakin West, ACT . FRDC Report, Project No. 2001/044
  • Laskey , K. B. 1996 . Model uncertainty: Theory and practical implications . IEEE Trans. Syst., Man Cyber.—A: Syst. Humans , 26 : 340 – 348 .
  • Latour , R. J. , Brush , M. J. and Bonzek , C. F. 2003 . Toward ecosystem-based fisheries management: Strategies for multispecies modelling and associated data requirements . Fisheries , 28 : 10 – 22 .
  • Levins , R. 1966 . The strategy of model building in population biology . Am. Sci. , 54 : 421 – 431 .
  • Levins , R. 1968 . Evolution in Changing Environments: Some Theoretical Explorations , Princeton , New Jersey : Princeton University Press .
  • Levins , R. 1974 . The qualitative analysis of partially specified systems . Ann. NY Acad. Sci. , 231 : 123 – 138 .
  • Levins , R. 1975 . “ Evolution in communities near equilibrium ” . In Ecology and Evolution of Communities , Edited by: Cody , M. L. and Diamond , J. M. 16 – 50 . Cambridge , Massachusetts : Harvard University Press .
  • Levins , R. 1998 . “ Qualitative mathematics for understanding, prediction, and intervention in complex ecosystems ” . In Ecosystem Health , Edited by: Rapport , D. , Costanza , R. , Epstein , P. R. , Gaudet , C. and Levins , R. 178 – 204 . Maldon , Massacusetts : Blackwell Science .
  • Li , Y. , Chen , Y. , Olson , D. , Yu , N. and Chen , L. 2009 . Evaluating ecosystem structure and functioning of the East China Sea Shelf ecosystem, China . Hydrobiol. , 636 : 331 – 351 .
  • Ling , S. D. 2008 . Range expansion of a habitat-modifying species leads to loss of taxonomic diversity: A new and impoverished reef state . Oecol. , 156 : 883 – 894 .
  • Lyne , V. , Thresher , R. and Rintoul , S. 2005 . Regional impacts of climate change and variability in south-east Australia: Report of a joint review by CSIRO Marine Research and CSIRO Atmospheric Research. CSIRO Report, Tasmania
  • MacLeod , D. 2005 . Ecological and functional equivalence in small pelagic fishes off the east coast of Tasmania , Honors Thesis 72 Hobart , , Australia : School of Zoology, University of Tasmania .
  • Manickchand-Heileman , S. , Mendoza-Hill , J. , Lum Kong , A. and Arocha , F. 2004 . A trophic model for exploring possible ecosystem impacts of fishing in the Gulf of Paria, between Venezuela and Trinidad . Ecol. Mod. , 172 : 307 – 322 .
  • Metcalf , S. J. , Dambacher , J. M. , Hobday , A. J. and Lyle , J. M. 2008 . Importance of trophic information, simplification and aggregation error in ecosystem models . Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. , 360 : 25 – 36 .
  • Metcalf , S. J. 2009 . Qualitative modelling to aid ecosystem analyses for fisheries management in a data-limited situation , Ph.D. Thesis 224 Hobart , , Australia : University of Tasmania .
  • Metcalf , S. J. , Gaughan , D. J. and Shaw , J. 2009 . Conceptual models for ecosystem based fisheries management in western Australia , 36 Perth , , Western Australia : Department of Fisheries, Government of Western Australia . Available from www.fish.wa.gov.au/docs/frr/index.php?0706 Fisheries Research Report No. 194
  • Nagy , L. , Fairbrother , A. , Etterson , M. and Orme-Zavaleta , J. 2007 . The intersection of independent lies: Increasing realism in ecological risk assessment . Human Ecol. Risk Ass. , 13 : 355 – 369 .
  • Okey , T. A. , Banks , S. , Born , A. F. , Bustamante , R. H. , Calvopina , M. , Edgar , G. J. , Espinoza , E. , Farina , J. M. , Garske , L. E. , Reck , G. K. , Salazar , S. , Shepherd , S. , Toral-Granda , V. and Wallem , P. 2004a . A trophic model of a Galapagos subtidal rocky reef for evaluating fisheries and conservation strategies . Ecol. Mod. , 172 : 383 – 401 .
  • Okey , T. A. , Vargo , G. A. , Mackinson , S. , Vasconcellos , M. , Mahmoudi , B. and Meyer , C. A. 2004b . Simulating community effects of sea floor shading by plankton blooms over the West Florida Shelf . Ecol. Mod. , 172 : 339 – 359 .
  • Ortiz , M. and Wolff , M. 2002 . Spatially explicit trophic modelling of a harvested benthic ecosystem in Tongoy Bay (central northern Chile) . Aq. Cons.: Mar. Fresh. Eco. , 12 : 601 – 618 .
  • Palomares , M. L. D. and Pauly , D. 1998 . Predicting food consumption of fish populations as functions of mortality, food type, morphometrics, temperature, and salinity . Mar. Fresh. Res. , 49 : 447 – 453 .
  • Pauly , D. , Trites , A. W. , Capuli , E. , Christensen , V. and Diet , V. 1998 . composition and trophic levels of marine mammals . ICES J. Mar. Sci. , 55 : 467 – 481 .
  • Pitcher , T. , Kalikoski , D. , Pramod , G. and Short , K. 2009 . Not honouring the code . Nature , 457 : 658 – 659 .
  • Plaganyi , E. E. and Butterworth , D. S. 2004 . A critical look at the potential of Ecopath with Ecosim to assist in practical fisheries management . Eco. Appl. Fish. Sthn. Beng. , 26 : 261 – 287 .
  • Puccia , C. J. and Levins , R. 1985 . Qualitative modelling of complex systems , Cambridge , Massachusetts : Harvard University Press .
  • Ramsey , D. and Veltman , C. 2005 . Predicting the effects of perturbations on ecological communities: what can qualitative models offer? . J. An. Ecol. , 74 : 905 – 916 .
  • Redd , K. and Pederson , H. Hobart , , Australia : University of Tasmania . Unpublished
  • Rykiel , E. J. 1996 . Jr. Testing ecological models: The meaning of validation . Ecol. Mod. , 90 : 229 – 244 .
  • Ross , D. J. , Johnson , C. R. and Hewitt , C. L. 2002 . Impact of introduced seastars Asterias amurensis on survivorship of juvenile commercial bivalves Fulvia tenuicostata . Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. , 241 : 99 – 112 .
  • Sainsbury , K. J. , Punt , A. E. and Smith , A. D. M. 2000 . Design of operational management strategies for achieving fishery ecosystem objectives . ICES J. Mar. Sci. , 57 : 731 – 741 .
  • Shark Advisory Group . 1998 . Australian shark assessment report for the Australian national plan of action for the conservation and management of sharks , Canberra , , Australia : Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry .
  • Smith , A. D. M. , Sainsbury , K. J. and Stevens , R. A. 1999 . Implementing effective fisheries-management systems—Management strategy evaluation and the Australian partnership approach . ICES J. Mar. Sci. , 56 : 967 – 979 .
  • Treloar , M. A. and Laurenson , L. J. B. 2005 . Preliminary observations on the reproduction, growth and diet of Urolophus cruciatus (Lacepede) and Urolophus expansus (McCulloch), Urolophidae, in southeastern Australia . Proc. Roy. Soc. Vic. , 117 : 341 – 347 .
  • Trites , A. W. , Livingston , P. A. , Vasconcellos , M. C. , Mackinson , S. , Springer , A. M. and Pauly , D. 1999 . Ecosystem considerations and the limitations of ecosystem models in fisheries management: Insights from the Bering Sea , 609 – 619 . British Columbia , , Canada : The Fisheries Center, University of British Columbia, Alaska Sea Grant College Program . AK-SG-99-01
  • Ulanowicz , R. and Puccia , C. J. 1990 . Mixed trophic impacts in ecosystems . Coenoses , 5 : 7 – 16 .
  • Valentine , J. P. and Johnson , C. R. 2005a . Persistence of sea urchin (Heliocidaris erythrogramma) barrens on the east coast of Tasmania: Inhibition of macroalgal recovery in the absence of high densities of sea urchins . Bot. Mar. , 48 : 106 – 115 .
  • Valentine , J. P. and Johnson , C. R. 2005b . Persistence of the exotic kelp Undaria pinnatifida does not depend on sea urchin grazing . Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. , 285 : 43 – 55 .
  • Wallace , R. K. and Ramsey , J. S. 1983 . Reliability in measuring diet overlap . Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. , 40 : 347 – 351 .
  • Walters , C. , Christensen , V. and Pauly , D. 1997 . Structuring dynamic models of exploited ecosystems from mass-balance assessments . Rev. Fish Biol. Fish. , 7 : 139 – 172 .
  • Wilson , E. O. 1998 . Consilience: The unity of knowledge , 332 New York : Alfred Knopf .
  • Ziegler , P. E. , Lyle , J. M. and Haddon , M. 2008 . Fishery Assessment Report: Tasmanian Scalefish Fishery 2007 , 118 Hobart , , Australia : Tasmanian Aquaculture and Fisheries Institute, University of Tasmania .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.