Study on Homocysteine Levels and Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene Variant (C677T) in a Population of Buenos Aires City

References

• Selhub J. Homocystine metabolism. Annu Rev Nutr. 1999; 19: 217–246
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dudman NP, Guo XW, Gordon RB, Dawson PA, Wilcken DE. Human homocysteine catabolism: Three major pathways and their relevance to development of arterial occlusive disease. J Nutr. 1996; 126(4 Suppl)1295S–300S
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kluijtmans LA, van den Heuvel LP, Boers GH, Frosst P, Stevens EM, van Oost BA, et al. Molecular genetic analysis in mild hyperhomocysteinemia: A common mutation in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene is a genetic risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Am J Hum Genet. 1996; 58: 35–41
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Albert CM, Rifai N, Stampfer MJ, Ridker PM. Prospective study of C-reactive protein, homocysteine, and plasma lipid levels as predictors of sudden cardiac death. Circulation. 2002; 105: 2595–2599
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sundström J, Sullivan L, D'Agostino RB, Jacques PF, Selhub J, Rosenberg IH, et al. Plasma homocysteine, hypertension incidence, and blood pressure tracking: The Framingham Heart Study. Hypertension. 2003; 42: 1100–1105
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adachi H, Hirai Y, Fujiura Y, Matsuoka H, Satoh A, Imaizumi T. Plasma homocysteine levels and atherosclerosis in Japan: Epidemiological study by use of carotid ultrasonography. Stroke. 2002; 33: 2177–2181
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sainani GS, Sainani R. Homocysteine and its role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic vascular disease. J Assoc Physicians India. 2002; 50(Suppl.)5–8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Boers GH. Mild hyperhomocysteinemia is an independent risk factor of arterial vascular disease. Semin Thromb Hemost. 2000; 26: 291–295
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kang SS, Wong PW, Malinow MR. Hyperhomocyst(e)inemia as a risk factor for occlusive vascular disease. Annu Rev Nutr. 1992; 12: 279–298
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Meurs JB, Dhonukshe-Rutten RA, Pluijm SM, van der Klift M, de Jonge R, Lindemans J, et al. Homocysteine levels and the risk of osteoporotic fracture. N Engl J Med. 2004; 350: 2033–2041
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aksov N, Aksov M, Cakmak M, Gergerlioglu HS, Davotoglu V, Sovdinc S, et al. Increased homocysteine in heart failure: A result of renal impairment?. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2006; 44: 1324–1329
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clarke R, Smith AD, Jobst KA, Refsum H, Sutton L, Ueland PM. Folate, vitamin B12, and serum total homocysteine levels in confirmed Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol. 1998; 55: 1449–1455
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kang SS, Zhou J, Wong PW, Kowalisyn J, Strokosch G. Intermediate homocysteinemia: A thermolabile variant of methylentetrahydrofolate reductase. Am J Hum Genet. 1988; 43: 414–421
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frosst P, Blom HJ, Milos R, Goyette P, Sheppard CA, Matthews RG, et al. A candidate genetic risk factor for vascular disease: A common mutation in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase. Nat Genet. 1995; 10: 111–113
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenberg N, Murata M, Ikeda Y, Opare-Sem O, Zivelin A, Geffen E, et al. The frequent 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism is associated with a common haplotype in whites, Japanese, and Africans. Am J Hum Genet. 2002; 70: 758–762
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Esfahani ST, Cogger EA, Caudill MA. Heterogeneity in the prevalence of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphisms in women of different ethnic groups. Am Diet Assoc. 2003; 103: 200–207
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Christensen B, Frosst P, Lussier-Cacan S, Selhub J, Goyette P, Rosenblatt DS, et al. Correlation of a common mutation in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene with plasma homocysteine in patients with premature coronary artery disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1997; 17: 569–573
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brugada R, Marian AJ. A common mutation in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene is not a major risk of coronary artery disease or myocardial infarction. Atherosclerosis. 1997; 128: 107–112
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thogersen AM, Nilsson TK, Dahlen G, Jansson JH, Boman K, Huhtasaari F, et al. Homozygosity for the C677→T mutation of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase and total plasma homocyst(e)ine are not associated with greater than normal risk of a first myocardial infarction in northern Sweden. Coron Artery Dis 2001; 12: 85–90
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wald DS, Law M, Morris JK. Homocysteine and cardiovascular disease: Evidence on causality from a meta-analysis. BMJ 2002; 325: 1202–1206
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis SJ, Ebrahim S, Smith GD. Meta-analysis of MTHFR 677C-T polymorphism and coronary heart disease: Does totality of evidence support causal role for homocysteine and preventive potential of folate?. BMJ. 2005; 331: 1053–1058
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ubbink JB, van der Merwe A, Vermaak WJ, Delport R. Hyperhomocysteinemia and the response to vitamin supplementation. Clin Investig. 1993; 71: 993–998
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jacques PF, Selhub J, Bostom AG, Wilson PW, Rosenberg IH. The effect of folic acid fortification on plasma folate and total homocysteine concentrations. N Engl J Med. 1999; 340: 1449–1454
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults. Executive summary of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA. 2001; 285: 2486–2497
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heux S, Morin F, Lea RA, Ovcaric M, Tajouri L, Griffiths LR. The methylentetrahydrofolate reductase gene variant (C677T) as a risk factor for essential hypertension in Caucasians. Hypertens Res. 2004; 27: 663–667
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castañon MM, Lauricella AM, Kordich L, Quintana I. Plasma homocysteine cutoff values for venous thrombosis. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2007; 45: 232–236
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beneš P, Jurajda M, Žaloudík J, Izakovicová-Hollá L, Vácha J. C766T low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) gene polymorphism and susceptibility to breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res. 2003; 5: R77–R81
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Selhub J, Jacques PF, Wilson PW, Rush P, Rosenberg IH. Vitamin status and intake as primary determinants of homocysteinemia in an elderly population. JAMA. 1993; 270: 2693–2698
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobsen DW, Gatautis VJ, Green R, Robinson K, Savon SR, Secic M, et al. Rapid HPLC determination of total homocysteine and other thiols in serum and plasma: Sex difference and correlation with cobalamin and folate concentrations in healthy subjects. Clin Chem. 1994; 40: 873–881
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van der Mooren MJ, Wouters MG, Blom HJ, Schellekens LA, Eskes TK, Rolland R. Hormone replacement therapy may reduce high serum homocysteine in postmenopausal women. Eur J Clin Invest. 1994; 24: 733–736
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bostom AG, Culleton BF. Hyperhomocysteinemia in chronic renal disease. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1999; 10: 891–900
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lim U, Cassano PA. Homocysteine and blood pressure in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988–1994. Am J Epidemiol. 2002; 156: 1105–1113
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pierdomenico SD, Bucci A, Lapenna D, Lattanzio FM, Talone L, Cuccurullo F, et al. Circulating homocysteine levels in sustained and white coat hypertension. J Hum Hypertens. 2003; 17: 165–170
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Curgunlu A, Karter Y, Uzun H, Aydin S, Erturk N, Vehid S, et al. Hyperhomocysteinemia: An additional risk factor in white coat hypertension. Int Heart J. 2005; 46: 245–254
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodrigo R, Passalacqua W, Araya J, Orellana M, Rivera G. Homocysteine and essential hypertension. J Clin Pharmacol. 2003; 43: 1299–1306
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lip GY, Edmunds E, Martin SC, Jones AF, Blann AD. Beevers DG. A pilot study of homocyst(e)ine levels in essential hypertension: relationship to von Willebrand factor, an index of endothelial damage. Am J Hypertens. 2001; 14: 627–631
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Dijk RA, Rauwerda JA, Steyn M, Twisk JW, Stehouwer CD. Long-term homocysteine-lowering treatment with folic acid plus pyridoxine is associated with decreased blood pressure but not with improved brachial artery, endothelium-dependent vasodilation, or carotid artery stiffness: A two-year, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2001; 21: 2072–2079
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Outinen PA, Sood SK, Liaw PC, Sarge KD, Maeda N, Hirsh J, et al. Characterization of the stress inducing effects of homocysteine. Biochemistry. 1998; 332: 213–221
   Google Scholar
• Tsai JC, Perrella MA, Yoshizumi M, Hsieh CM, Haber E, Schlegel R, et al. Promotion of vascular smooth muscle cell growth by homocysteine: A link to atherosclerosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1994; 91: 6369–6373
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Majors A, Ehrhart LA, Pezacka EH. Homocysteine as a risk factor for vascular disease. Enhanced collagen production and accumulation by smooth muscle cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1997; 17: 2074–2081
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schini-Kerth VB. Homocysteine, a proinflammatory and proatherosclerotic factor: Role of intracellular reactive oxygen species. Circ Res. 2003; 93: 271–273
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loscalzo J. The oxidant stress of hyperhomocyst(e)inemia. J Clin Invest. 1996; 98: 5–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stehouwer CD, van Guldener C. Does homocysteine cause hypertension?. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2003; 41: 1408–1411
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koubaa N, Nakbi A, Smaoui M, Abid N, Chaaba R, Abid M, et al. Hyperhomocysteinemia and elevated ox-LDL in Tunisian type 2 diabetic patients: Role of genetic and dietary factors. Clin Bioochem. 2007; 40: 1007–1014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fletcher O, Kessling AM. MTHFR association with arteriosclerotic vascular disease?. Hum Genet. 1998; 103: 11–21
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qian X, Lu Z, Tan M, Liu H, Lu D. A meta-analysis of association between C677T polymorphism in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene and hypertension. European Journal of Human Genetics. 2007; 15: 1239–1245
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacques PF, Bostom AG, Wilson PW, Rich S, Rosenberg IH, Selhub J. Determinants of plasma total homocysteine concentration in the Framingham Offspring cohort. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001; 73: 613–621
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Girelli D, Friso S, Trabetti E, Olivieri O, Russo C, Pessotto R, et al. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T mutation, plasma homocysteine, and folate in subjects from northern Italy with or without angiographically documented severe coronary atherosclerotic disease: Evidence for an important genetic–environmental interaction. Blood. 1998; 91: 4158–4163
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar