19
Views
4
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Magnitude and frequency of floods

&
Pages 297-348 | Published online: 09 Jan 2009

References

  • Anscombe , F. J. 1973 . Graphs in statistical analysis . Am. Stat. , 27 (1) : 17
  • Velz , C. J. Graphical approach to statistics . Water & Sewage Works , 30
  • Mavis , F. T. 1968 . Graphical statistics and common‐sense applications . ASCE J. Hydraul. Div. , 94 (5) : 1207
  • Mavis , F. T. 1970 . Nomographs for some cumulative frequency distributions . ASCE J. Hydraul Div. , 96 (10) : 2177
  • Riggs , H. C. 1968 . “ Frequency Curves ” . In Techniques of Water‐Resources Investigations of U.S. Geological Survey, Book 4, Superintendent of Documents 15 Washington, D. C.
  • Riggs , H. C. 1968 . “ Some Statistical Tools in Hydrology ” . In Techniques of Water‐Resources Investigations of the U.S. Geological Survey, Book 4, Superintendent of Documents 39 Washington, D. C.
  • Johnson , D. and Tattersall , K. H. 1971 . Hydrological data analysis for water resources problems . J. Inst. Water Eng. , 25 (4) : 181
  • Reich , B. M. 1973 . How frequently will floods occur? . Water Resour. Bull. , 9 (1) : 187
  • DeAngelis , R. M. and Hodge , W. T. August 1972 . Preliminary climatic data report: hurricane Agnes, June 14–23, 1972 , August , 62 NOAA Technical Memorandum Environmental Data Series National Climatic Center‐1 .
  • Tang , W. H. , Mays , L. M. and Yen , B. C. 1975 . Optimal risk‐based design of storm sewer networks . ASCE J. Environ. Eng. Div. , 101 (3) : 381
  • Benson , M. A. and Matalas , N. C. 1965 . Effect of floods and obsolescence on bridge life . ASCE J. Highway Div. , 91 (1) : 55
  • James , L. D. and Lee , R. R. 1971 . Economics of Water Resources Planning , 181 N.Y. : McGraw‐Hill .
  • Fiering , M. B. 1969 . Economic measure of effect of extreme data . ASCE J. Sanit. Div. , 95 (4) : 683
  • Young , G. K. , Childrey , M. C. and Trent , R. E. 1974 . Optimal design for highway drainage culverts . ASCE J. Hydraul Div. , 100 (7) : 971
  • Benjamin , J. R. and Cornell , C. A. 1970 . Probability, Statistics, and Decision for Civil Engineers , 49 N.Y. : McGraw‐Hill .
  • Beard , L. R. 1943 . Statistical analysis in hydrology . Trans. ASCE , 108 : 1110
  • Linsley , R. K. , Kohler , M. A. and Paulhus , J. L. H. 1958 . Hydrology for Engineers , 1st ed. , 258 N.Y. : McGraw‐Hill .
  • Riggs , H. C. 1961 . Frequency of natural events . ASCE J. Hydraul Div. , 87 (1) : 15
  • Borgman , L. E. 1963 . Risk criterion . ASCE J. Waterw. Harbors Coastal Eng. Div. , 89 (3) : 1
  • Crippen , J. R. and Rantz , S. E. Interpretation of Flood‐frequency Data , open file report U.S. Geological Survey .
  • Yen , B. C. 1970 . Risks in hydrologic design of engineering projects . ASCE J. Hydraul. Div. , 96 (4) : 959
  • Markowitz , E. M. 1971 . The chance a flood will be exceeded in a period of years . Water Resour. Bull. , 7 : 40
  • Kisiel , C. C. 1969 . “ Time series analysis of hydrologic data ” . In Advances in Hydroscience Edited by: Chow , V. T. Vol. 5 , 1
  • Hazen , A. 1914 . Discussion on “Flood Flows”; by Fuller, W. E. . Trans. ASCE , 77 : 628
  • Chow , V. T. 1964 . “ Frequency analysis ” . In Handbook of Applied Hydrology , Edited by: Chow , V. T. N.Y. : McGraw‐Hill .
  • Yevdjevich , V. M. 1972 . Probability and Statistics in Hydrology , 302 Fort Collins, Colorado : Water Resour. Publ. .
  • Weibull , W. 1939 . A statistical theory of the strength of materials . Ingenioers‐vetenskapsakad. Handl. , 151 : 15
  • Jennings , M. E. and Benson , M. A. 1968 . Frequency Curves for Annual Flood Series with Some Zero Events or Incomplete Data , preliminary report 6 U.S. Geological Survey .
  • King , J. R. 1971 . Probability charts for decision making , 290 N.Y. : Industrial Press .
  • Chow , V. T. 1954 . The log‐probability law and its engineering applications . ASCE Proc. , 80 : 536
  • Galton , F. 1875 . Statistics by intercomparison with remarks on the law of frequency of error . The London, Edinburgh, Dublin Philos. Mag. J. Sci. 4th Series , 49 : 33
  • McGuinness , J. L. and Brakensiek , D. L. 1964 . Simplified Techniques for Fitting Frequency Distributions to Hydrologic Data . U.S. Dept. Agric. Agric. Handb. , 259 : 42
  • Gumbel , E. J. 1954 . Statistical Theory of Extreme Values and Some Practical Applications , U.S. NBS Appl. Math. Ser. 33
  • Powell , R. W. 1943 . A simplified method of estimating flood frequencies . Civ. Eng. , 13 February : 105
  • Gumbel , E. J. 1958 . Statistics of Extreme Values , 375 N.Y. : Columbia University Press .
  • Fisher , R. A. and Tippett , L. H. C. 1928 . Limiting forms of the frequency distribution of the smallest and largest members of a sample . Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc. , 24 : 180
  • Kendall , G. R. Statistical Analysis of Extreme Values, in Statistical Methods in Hydrology . Proc. Hydrol. Symp., No. 5 . pp. 37 Ottawa, , Canada : Queen's Printer .
  • Linsley , R. K. , Kohler , M. A. and Paulhus , J. L. H. 1975 . Hydrology For Engineers , 2nd ed. , 482 N.Y. : McGraw‐Hill .
  • Bruce , J. P. and Clark , R. H. 1966 . Introduction to Hydrometeorology 319 Pergamon, N.Y.
  • Gumbel , E. J. 1953 . Probability Tables for Analysis of Extreme‐value Data , U.S. NBS Appl. Math. Ser., 22
  • Gringorten , I. I. 1963 . A plotting rule for extreme probability paper . J. Geoph., Res. , 68 (3) : 813
  • 1967 . A Uniform Technique for Determining Flood Flow Frequencies , Bulletin 15 15 Washington, D. C. : Water Resources Council Hydrology Committee .
  • Reich , B. M. 1969 . Flood Series for Gaged Pennsylvania Streams , Vol. 63 , 83 Pennsylvania State University, Institute for Research on Land and Water Resources .
  • Gray , D. M. 1970 . “ Statistical methods ‐ fitting frequency curves, regression analyses ” . In Handbook on the Principles of Hydrology , 34 Ottawa, , Canada : Canadian National Committee for the IHD .
  • Chow , V. T. 1951 . A general formula for hydrologic frequency analysis . Trans. Am. Geophys. Union , 32 : 231
  • McKay , G. A. 1970 . “ Precipitation ” . In Handbook on the Principles of Hydrology , Vol. 2 , 86 Ottawa, , Canada : Canadian National Committee for the IHD .
  • White , E. L. 1969 . Regional trends in flood parameters for small watersheds in Pennsylvania , Pennsylvania State University . M.S. thesis
  • White , E. L. 1975 . Role of carbonate rocks in modifying extreme flow behavior , Pennsylvania State University . Ph.D. thesis
  • Datrymple , T. 1960 . Flood‐frequency analyses, Manual of Hydrology, Part 3 , Water Supply Paper 1543‐A U.S. Geologic Survey .
  • Foster , H. A. 1924 . Theoretical frequency curves . Trans. ASCE , 87 : 142
  • Pearson , K. 1923 . Notes on skew frequency surfaces . Biometrika , 15 : 222
  • Elderton , W. P. and Johnson , N. L. 1969 . Systems of Frequency Curves , 216 London : Cambridge University Press .
  • Foster , E. E. 1948 . Rainfall and Runoff , 487 N.Y. : Macmillan .
  • Beard , L. R. 1962 . Statistical Methods in Hydrology , 74 Sacramento, Calif. : U.S. Army Corps of Engineers .
  • 1971 . National Engineering Handbook , USDA Soil Conservation Service . Section 4, Supplement A
  • Viesman , W. Jr. , Harbaugh , T. E. and Knapp , J. W. 1972 . An Introduction to Hydrology , 415 N.Y. : Intext Educational Publishers .
  • Hjelmfelt , A. T. and Cassidy , J. J. 1975 . Hydrology for Engineers and Planners , 30 Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University Press .
  • Beard , L. R. 1974 . Flood Flow Frequency Techniques , Technical Report CRWR‐119 216 Center for Research in Water Resources, University of Texas at Austin .
  • Hazen , A. 1930 . Flood Flows, A Study of Frequencies and Magnitudes , N.Y. : John Wiley & Sons .
  • Wallis , J. R. , Matalas , N. C. and Slack , J. R. 1974 . Just a moment!, Water Resour. Res. , 10 (2) : 211
  • Victorov , P. 1971 . Effect of period of record on flood prediction . ASCE, J. Hydraul. Div. , 97 (11) : 1853
  • Reich , B. M. 1973 . Flood Frequency Analysis with Short Records , 14 USSR : International Higher Hydrological Course, Moscow University . paper submitted to
  • Aron , G. and Plummer , K. 1976 . Log Pearson III Curves Weighted in Favor of Larger Events, notes of shortcourse, Hydrologic and Hydraulic Analysis for Small Watersheds , Pennsylvania State University .
  • Gilroy , E. J. 1972 . The Upper Bound of a Log‐Pearson Type III Random Variable with Negatively Skewed Logarithms , U.S. Geologic Survey Professional Paper 800‐B 273
  • Nash , J. E. and Amorocha , J. 1966 . The accuracy of the prediction of floods of high return periods . Water Resour. Res. , 2 (2) : 191
  • Hardison , C. H. 1974 . Generalized skew coefficients of annual floods in the United States and their application . Water Resour. Res. , 10 (4) : 745
  • 1976 . Guidelines for Determining Flood Flow Frequencies , Water Resources Council . in press
  • Thomas , D. M. and Benson , M. A. 1970 . Generalization of Streamflow Characteristics from Drainage Basin Characteristics , U.S. Geologic Survey Water Supply Paper No. 1975
  • Sammons , W. H. 1971 . Elements for Detecting Outliers in Samples from Known Cumulative Probability Distribution , 7 USDA Soil Conservation Service, Central Technical Unit .
  • McGinnis , D. F. Jr. 1971 . The Effects of Anomalous Precipitation on Extreme‐Value Analysis , 230 Pennsylvania State University . Ph.D. dissertation
  • Kimball , B. F. 1956 . The Bias in Certain Estimates of the Parameters of the Extreme‐Value Distribution . Ann. Math. Stat. , 27 (3) : 758
  • Mockus , V. 1956 . On the Selection of a Flood Frequency Method . paper presented to Ithaca meeting of Am. Soc. Agric. Eng. 1956 , Ithaca, N.Y.. pp. 13
  • Alexander , G. N. , Karoly , A. and Susts , A. B. 1969 . Equivalent distributions with application to rainfall as an upper bound to flood distributions . J. Hydrol. , 9 : 322
  • Samons , W. H. 1966 . Hydrology Study ‐ A Multipurpose Program for Selected Cumulative Probability ‐ Distribution Analyses , 123 USDA Soil Conservation Service SCS‐TP‐148 .
  • Styner , W. A. and Sammons , W. H. 1967 . Comparative Frequency Analysis of Ten Selected USGS Stream Gages Using 2‐parameter Gamma, Log‐normal, Log Extreme Value, Arithmetic Normal, and Arithmetic Extreme Value Frequency Distributions , 47 USDA Soil Conservation Service, Central Technical Unit .
  • Benson , M. A. 1968 . Uniform flood‐frequency estimating methods for federal agencies . Water Resour. Res. , 4 (5) : 891
  • Singh , K. P. and Sinclair , R. A. 1972 . Two‐distribution methods for flood frequency analysis . ASCEJ Hydraul. Div. , 98 (1) : 29
  • Singh , K. P. 1968 . Hydrologic Distributions Resulting From Mixed Populations and Their Computer Simulations . Int. Assoc. Scientif. Hydrol. , 80 : 672
  • Rademaker , A. W. 1974 . Choosing Between Two Location and Scale Parameter Models and Related Topics , Pennsylvania State University . Ph.D. dissertation
  • Riedel , J. T. , Appleby , J. F. and Scholowen , R. W. 1956 . Seasonal Variation of the Probable Maximum Precipitation East of the 105th Meridian for Areas from 10 to 1000 Square Miles and Durations of 6, 12, and 48 hours , Hydrometeorological Report No. 33 U.S. Weather Bureau .
  • Hershfleld , D. M. 1961 . Rainfall Frequency Atlas of the United States for Durations from 30 Minutes to 24 Hours and Return Periods from 1 to 100 Years , Technical Paper No. 40 U.S. Weather Bureau .
  • Hershfield , D. M. 1961 . Estimating the probable maximum precipitation . ASCE J. Hydraul. Div. , 87 (6) : 99
  • Reich , B. M. , McGinnis , G. L. and Kerr , R. L. 1970 . Design Procedures for Rainfull‐Duration ‐Frequency , 60 Institute for Research on Land and Water Resources, Pennsylvania State University . Publication No. 65
  • Yevjevich , V. 1972 . Stochastic Processes in Hydrology , 276 Fort Collins, Colorado : Water Resources Publications .
  • Gringorten , I. I. 1963 . Envelopes for ordered observations applied to meteorological extremes . J. Geophys. Res. , 68 (3) : 815
  • Shane , R. M. and Lynn , W. R. 1969 . Peak flood discharge confidence limits . ASCE J. Hydraul. Div. , 95 (1) : 161
  • Antle , C. E. and Rademaker , F. 1971 . An Upper Confidence Limit on the Maximum of m Future Observations from a Type I Extreme Value Distribution , 6 Statistics Dept., Pennsylvania State University . Office of Aerospace Research Contract No. F33615–71‐C‐1169
  • Floods and Droughts . Proc. 2nd Int. Symp. Hydrology . pp. 679 Colorado State University .
  • 1968 . The Use of Analog and Digital Computers in Hydrology , 755 Tucson, Arizona : Int. Assoc. Scientific Hydrology . Publications No. 80 and 81
  • Rousselle , J. 1972 . Some Problems on Flood Analysis , Colorado State University . Ph.D. dissertation

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.