Membrane separation technologies for treatment of hazardous wastes

References

• Belfort , G. 1984 . “ Membrane methods in water and wastewater treatment: an overview ” . In Synthetic Membrane Processes: Fundamentals and Water Applications , Edited by: Belfort , G. Orlando, Fla. : Academic Press . chap. 2.
   Google Scholar
• McArdle , J. L. , Arozarena , M. M. and Gallagher , W. E. 1987 . A Handbook on Treatment of Hazardous Waste Leachate , Cincinnati : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency . EPA/600/8–87/006 (PB87–152328),
   Google Scholar
• McCoy and Associates . 1985 . Membrane separation technology: applications to waste reduction and recycling . The Hazardous Waste Consultant , 3 : 4
   Google Scholar
• Tang , D. T. L. , Boroughs , R. D. and Chu , T. J. 1981 . Application of membrane technology . Ind. Water Eng. , : 18
   Google Scholar
• Lonsdale , H. K. 1982 . The growth of membrane technology . J. Membr. Sci. , 10 : 81
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cartwright , P. S. 1985 . Membranes separations technology for industrial effluent treatment — A review . Desalination , 56 : 17
   Google Scholar
• Kaup , E. C. 1973 . Design factors in reverse osmosis . Chem. Eng. , 80 : 46
   Google Scholar
• Applegate , L. E. 1984 . Membrane separation processes . Chem. Eng. , 91 : 64
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kosarek , L. J. 1981 . “ Removal of various toxic heavy metals and cyanide from water by membrane processes ” . In Chemistry in Water Reuse , Edited by: Cooper , W. J. Vol. 1 , Ann Arbor, Mich. : Ann Arbor Science Publishers . chap. 12.
   Google Scholar
• Kiang , Y. H. and Metry , A. A. 1982 . Hazardous Waste Processing Technology , 409 Ann Arbor, Mich. : Ann Arbor Science Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• Reynolds , T. D. 1982 . Unit Operations and Processes in Environmental Engineering , 235 Belmont, Calif. : Wadsworth .
   Google Scholar
• Probstein , R. F. , Calmon , C. and Hicks , R. E. 1983 . “ Separation of organic substances in industrial wastewaters by membrane processes ” . In Control of Organic Substances in Water and Wastewater , Edited by: Berger , B. B. 363 Washington, D.C. : Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency . EPA/600/8–83–011,
   Google Scholar
• Gooding , C. H. 1985 . Reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration solve separation problems . Chem. Eng. , 92 : 56
   Google Scholar
• Finkenbiner , K. T. 1986 . Reverse osmosis for industrial wastewater treatment . presented at the 7th Annu. Am. Electroplaters and Surface Finishers Society/EPA Conf. Pollution Control for the Metal Finishing Industry . January 27 to 29 1986 , Kissimmee, Fla..
   Google Scholar
• George , D. 1982 . “ Reverse osmosis in water reuse systems ” . In Water Reuse , Edited by: Middlebrooks , E. J. Ann Arbor, Mich. : Ann Arbor Science Publishers . chap. 10.
   Google Scholar
• Pepper , D. 1981 . Pretreatment and operating experience on reverse osmosis plant in the Middle East . Desalination. , 38 : 403
   Google Scholar
• Siler , J. L. and Bhattacharyya , D. 1985 . Low pressure reverse osmosis membranes: concentration and treatment of hazardous wastes . Hazardous Waste Hazardous Mater. , 2 : 45
   Google Scholar
• Kinman , R. N. , Nutini , D. and Stamm , J. W. 1985 . Reverse osmosis membrane fouling: Electroless copper plating solutions . Met. Finish. , 83 : 53
   Google Scholar
• Shields , C. P. 1979 . Five years experience with reverse osmosis systems using DuPont “Permasep” permeators . Desalination , 28 : 157
   Google Scholar
• Eisenberg , T. N. and Middlebrooks , E. J. 1986 . Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Drinking Water , Stoneham, Mass. : Butterworths . chap. 8.
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Environmental Protection Agency . 1987 . Technology Briefs: Data Requirements for Selecting Remedial Action Technology , 101 Cincinnati : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency . EPA/600/2–87/001,
   Google Scholar
• MacNeil , J. and McCoy , D. 1988 . “ Membrane separation technologies ” . In Standard Handbook for Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal , Edited by: Freeman , H. M. New York : McGraw‐Hill .
   Google Scholar
• Finkenbiner , K. and Cartwright , P. S. 1985 . Reverse Osmosis Technology for Toxic Heavy Metals Treatment . presented at HAZPRO ‘85 . May 17 1985 , Baltimore.
   Google Scholar
• Eisenberg , T. N. and Middlebrooks , E. J. 1986 . Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Drinking Water , Stoneham, Mass. : Butterworths . chap. 1.
   Google Scholar
• Reid , C. E. and Breton , E. J. 1959 . Water and ion flow across cellulosic membranes . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , 1 : 133
   Google Scholar
• Loeb , S. and Sourirajan , S. 1961 . Sea Water Research, Report No. 60–60 , Los Angeles : Department of Engineering, University of California .
   Google Scholar
• Porter , M. C. 1977 . What, when and why of membranes — MF, UF, and RO . AlChE Symp. Ser. , 73 : 83
   Google Scholar
• Burns and Roe Industrial Services Corporation . 1979 . Reverse Osmosis Technical Manual , Washington, D.C. : U.S. Office of Water Research and Technology . PB 80–186950,
   Google Scholar
• Eisenberg , T. N. and Middlebrooks , E. J. 1986 . Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Drinking Water , Stoneham, Mass. : Butterworths . chap. 6.
   Google Scholar
• Beifort , G. 1977 . “ Pressure driven membrane processes and wastewater renovation ” . In Water Renovation and Reuse , Edited by: Schuvall , H. I. New York : Academic Press . chap. 6.
   Google Scholar
• Kosarek , L. 1979 . Purifying water by reverse osmosis . Plant Eng. , 8 : 103
   Google Scholar
• Kamiyama , Y. , Yoshioka , N. , Matsui , K. and Nakagome , K. 1984 . New thin‐film composite reverse osmosis membranes and spiral wound modules . Desalination , 51 : 79
   Google Scholar
• Bhattacharyya , D. and Siler , J. L. 1984 . Low pressure membranes: concentration and treatment of hazardous wastes . presented at the 2nd Int. Symp. Operating European Centralized Hazardous (Chemical) Waste Management Facilities . September 1984 , Odense, Denmark.
   Google Scholar
• Beifort , G. 1984 . “ Desalting experience by hyperfiltration (reverse osmosis) in the United States ” . In Synthetic Membrane Processes: Fundamentals and Water Applications , Edited by: Belfort , G. Orlando, Fla. : Academic Press . chap. 7.
   Google Scholar
• Cartwright , P. S. 1986 . The Application of Membrane Separation Technologies for Contaminated Ground Water Treatment . presented at the 2nd Int. Conf. Environmental Contamination . September 23 to 25 1986 , Amsterdam.
   Google Scholar
• Eisenberg , T. N. and Middlebrooks , E. J. 1986 . Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Drinking Water , Stoneham, Mass. : Butterworths . chap. 7.
   Google Scholar
• Bend Research, Inc. Techbrief: Reverse Osmosis Module Bend, Oregon
   Google Scholar
• Crossley , I. A. 1983 . “ Desalination by reverse osmosis ” . In Desalination Technology: Developments and Practice , Edited by: Porteous , A. New York : Applied Science Publishers . chap. 7.
   Google Scholar
• Aerojet General Corporation . 1966 . Development Progress Report 213 , Washington, D.C. : U.S. Office Saline Water Research .
   Google Scholar
• Nielsen , W. K. , Madsen , R. F. and Olsen , O. J. 1980 . Experience with plate and frame ultrafiltration and hyperfiltration systems for desalination of water and purification of waste water . Desalination , 32 : 309
   Google Scholar
• Advertising brochures, DDS Division, Niro Atomizer, Hudson, Wis.
   Google Scholar
• Eisenberg , T. N. and Middlebrooks , E. J. 1986 . Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Drinking Water , Stoneham, Mass. : Butterworths . chap. 2.
   Google Scholar
• Sastri , V. S. and Ashbrook , A. W. 1976 . Performance of some reverse osmosis membranes and their application in the separation of metals in acid minewater . Sep. Sci. , 11 : 133
   Google Scholar
• Eisenberg , T. N. and Middlebrooks , E. J. 1986 . Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Drinking Water , Stoneham, Mass. : Butterworths . chap. 4.
   Google Scholar
• Sourirajan , S. and Matsuura , T. 1977 . “ Physicochemical criteria for reverse osmosis separations ” . In Reverse Osmosis and Synthetic Membranes , Edited by: Sourirajan , S. Ottawa : National Research Council of Canada . chap. 2.
   Google Scholar
• Light , W. G. 1981 . “ Removal of chemical carcinogens from water/wastewater by reverse osmosis ” . In Chemistry in Water Reuse , Edited by: Cooper , W. J. Vol. 1 , Ann Arbor, Mich. : Ann Arbor Science Publishers . chap. 16.
   Google Scholar
• Matsuura , T. and Sourirajan , S. 1973 . Reverse osmosis separation of hydrocarbons in aqueous solutions using porous cellulose acetate membranes . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , 17 : 3683
   Google Scholar
• Wojcik , C. K. , Lopez , J. G. and McCutchan , J. W. Renovation of municipal wastewater by reverse osmosis: a case study . Water Reuse Symposium . Denver : American Water Works Association Research Foundation .
   Google Scholar
• Hrubec , J. , Schippers , J. C. and Zoeteman , B. C. J. Studies on water reuse in the Netherlands . Water Reuse Symposium . pp. 785 Denver : American Water Works Association Research Foundation .
   Google Scholar
• Rozelle , L. T. , Cadotte , J. E. , Cobian , K. E. and Kopp , C. U. Jr. 1977 . “ Nonpolysaccharide membranes for reverse osmosis: NS‐100 membranes ” . In Reverse Osmosis and Synthetic Membranes , Edited by: Sourirajan , S. Ottawa : National Research Council of Canada . chap. 12.
   Google Scholar
• Werschulz , P. New membrane technology in the metal finishing industry . Toxic and Hazardous Wastes: Proceedings of the Seventeenth Mid‐Atlantic Industrial Waste Conference . Edited by: Kugelman , I. J. pp. 445 Lancaster, Penn. : Technomic Publishing .
   Google Scholar
• Donnelly , R. G. , Goldsmith , R. L. , McNulty , K. J. , Grant , D. C. and Tan , M. 1976 . Treatment of Electroplating Wastes by Reverse Osmosis , Cincinnati : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency . EPA/600/2–76/261, PB 265393,
   Google Scholar
• Cartwright , P. 1984 . An update on reverse osmosis for metal finishing . Plating Surf. Finish. , 71 : 62
   Google Scholar
• Thorsen , T. 1985 . Recovery of phosphoric acid with RO . Desalination , 53 : 217
   Google Scholar
• Cartwright , P. 1984 . Today's RO . Prod. Fínísh. , May
   Google Scholar
• Rickabaugh , J. , Martin , J. and Kinman , R. N. 1986 . Reverse Osmosis Removals of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons . presented at the 41st Purdue Industrial Waste Conf. May 13 to 15 1986 , West Lafayette, Ind..
   Google Scholar
• Slater , C. S. , Ahlert , R. C. and Uchrin , C. G. 1983 . Treatment of landfill leachates by reverse osmosis . Environ. Prog. , 2 : 251
   Google Scholar
• Chian , E. S. K. and DeWalle , F. B. 1977 . Evaluation of Leachate Treatment , Vol. 11 , Cincinnati : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency . EPA/600/2–77–186b,
   Google Scholar
• Whittaker , H. 1986 . Applications Testing with the Environment Canada Mobile Reverse Osmosis Unit . presented at the 36th Can. Chem. Eng. Conf. October 5 to 8 1986 , Sarnia, Ontario.
   Google Scholar
• Whittaker , H. 1984 . Development of a Mobile Reverse Osmosis Unit for Spill Cleanup . presented at the 1984 Hazardous Materials Spills Conf. April 9 to 12 1984 , Nashville.
   Google Scholar
• Feige , W. A. , Clark , R. M. , Lykins , B. W. Jr. and Fronk , C. A. 1987 . Treatment of Water from Contaminated Wells , Cincinnati : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency . EPA/600/D‐87/011 (PB87146239),
   Google Scholar
• Chian , E. S. K. , Bruce , W. N. and Fang , H. H. P. 1975 . Removal of pesticides by reverse osmosis . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 9 : 52
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lykins , B. W. Jr. and Baier , J. H. 1987 . Agricultural Contaminants Removal from Ground Water by Carbon and Reverse Osmosis , Cincinnati : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency . EPA/600/D‐87/103 (PB87175626/AS),
   Google Scholar
• Regunathan , P. , Beauman , W. H. and Kreusch , E. G. 1983 . Efficiency of point‐of‐use devices . J. Am. Water Works Assoc. , 75 : 42
   Google Scholar
• Sorg , T. J. , Forbes , R. W. and Chambers , D. S. 1980 . Removal of Ra‐226 from Sarasota County, Florida drinking water by reverse osmosis . J. Am. Water Works Assoc. , 72 : 230
   Google Scholar
• Sonksen , M. K. , Sittig , F. M. and Maziarz , E. F. Treatment of oily wastes by ultrafiltration/reverse osmosis — A case history . Proceedings of the 33rd Industrial Waste Conference . pp. 696 Ann Arbor, Mich. : Ann Arbor Science Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• Isooka , Y. , Imamura , Y. and Sakamoto , Y. 1984 . Recovery and reuse of organic solvent solutions . Met. Finish. , 82 : 113
   Google Scholar
• Klinkowski , P. R. 1978 . Ultrafiltration: an emerging unit‐operation . Chem. Eng. , 85 : 165
   Google Scholar
• Fane , A. G. and Fell , C. J. D. 1987 . A review of fouling and fouling control in ultrafiltration . Desalination , 62 : 117
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berkowitz , J. B. , Funkhouser , J. T. and Stevens , J. I. 1978 . Unit Operations for Treatment of Hazardous Industrial Wastes , 899 Park Ridge, N.J. : Noyes Data Corporation .
   Google Scholar
• Strathmann , H. 1984 . “ Water and waste water treatment experience in Europe and Japan using ultrafiltration ” . In Synthetic Membrane Processes — Fundamentals and Water Applications , Edited by: Belfort , G. Orlando, Fla. : Academic Press . chap. 9.
   Google Scholar
• Cartwright , P. S. 1985 . The Status of Ultrafiltration and Microfiltration Applications for the Metal Finishing Industry . presented at Am. Electroplater's Soc. Surface/Finishing 1985 . July 15 to 18 1985 , Detroit.
   Google Scholar
• Paulson , D. J. and Comb , L. F. Two case histories of industrial water reuse via membrane technology . Future of Water Reuse — Proceedings of the Water Reuse Symposium III . Vol. 2 , pp. 899 Denver : American Water Works Association Research Foundation .
   Google Scholar
• Roush , P. H. 1984 . Ultrafiltration Treatment of a Combined Electroplating and Metal Finishing Wastewater . presented at the 1st Annu. Hazardous Materials Management Conf./Southwest . October 31 to November 2 1984 , Houston.
   Google Scholar
• Van Gils , G. and Pirbazari , M. 1986 . Development of a combined ultrafiltration and carbon adsorption system for industrial wastewater reuse and priority pollutant removal . Environ. Prog. , 5 : 167
   Google Scholar
• Syzdek , A. C. and Ahlert , R. C. 1984 . Separation of landfill leachate with polymeric ultrafiltration membranes . J. Hazardous Mater. , 9 : 209
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyer , K. H. and Strauss , W. 1940 . Permeability of membranes: VI. Passage of current through selective membranes . Helv. Chim. Acta , 23 : 795
   Google Scholar
• Juda , W. and McRae , W. A. 1950 . Coherent ion‐exchange gels and membranes . J. Am. Chem. Soc , 72 : 1044
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leitz , F. B. and Eisenmann , J. L. 1981 . Electrodialysis as a separation process . AIChE Symp. Ser. 204 , 77 : 205
   Google Scholar
• McRae , W. A. 1983 . “ Electrodialysis ” . In Desalination Technology: Developments and Practice , Edited by: Porteous , A. London : Applied Science Publishers . chap. 8.
   Google Scholar
• Solt , G. 1981 . “ Electrodialysis ” . In Handbook of Water Purification , Edited by: Lorch , W. London : McGraw‐Hill . chap. 9.
   Google Scholar
• Latour , S. , Anderson , J. and Menningmann , J. 1980 . Data Collection and Analysis of Commercial Membrane Desalination Plants , Volume 1 , Washington, D.C. : U. S. Office of Water Research and Technology . PB81–170573,
   Google Scholar
• Itoi , S. 1979 . Electrodialysis of effluents from treatment of metallic surfaces . Desalination , 28 : 193
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sweeney , M. J. 1985 . Recovery of Metals from Electroplating Rinsewaters with Electrodialysis . presented at the Summer Natl. AIChE Meet . August 26 1985 , Seattle.
   Google Scholar
• Urano , K. , Ase , T. and Naito , Y. 1984 . Recovery of acid from wastewater by electrodialysis . Desalination , 51 : 213
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rogers , A. N. 1984 . “ Economics of the application of membrane processes ” . In Synthetic Membrane Processes: Fundamentals and Water Applications , Edited by: Belfort , G. Orlando, Fla. : Academic Press . chap. 13.
   Google Scholar
• Franklin Associates, Ltd. 1986 . Update of Waste Management Technologies/Economics for Wastes Generated by Electroplating and Electric Arc Furnace Processes Prairie Village, Kan.
   Google Scholar
• McCoy and Associates, Inc. 1987 . Micellar‐enhanced ultrafiltration . The Hazardous Waste Consultant , 5 : 4
   Google Scholar
• Aquatech Systems, Advertising Brochure, Mt. Bethel, N.J., 1985.
   Google Scholar
• Basta , N. 1986 . Use electrodialytic membranes for waste recovery . Chem. Eng. , 93 : 42
   Google Scholar
• Mani , K. N. , Chlanda , F. P. and Byszewski , C. H. AQUATECH Membrane Technology for Recovery of Acid/Base Values from Salt Streams , Mt. Bethel, N.J. : Aquatech Systems .
   Google Scholar
• Li , N. N. 1971 . Separation of hydrocarbons by liquid membrane permeation . Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. , 10 : 215
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Werschulz , P. 1986 . Membrane technology in the metal finishing industry . Chemtech , 16 : 743
   Google Scholar
• Parkinson , G. , Short , H. and McQueen , S. 1983 . Liquid membranes — Are they ready? . Chem. Eng. , 90 : 25
   Google Scholar
• Frankenfeld , J. W. and Li , N. N. 1979 . “ Liquid membrane systems ” . In Ion Exchange for Pollution Control , Edited by: Calmon , C. and Gold , H. Vol. 2 , Boca Raton, Fla. : CRC Press . chap. 18.
   Google Scholar
• Schugerl , K. , Mohrmann , A. , Gutknecht , W. and Hauertmann , H. B. 1985 . Application of liquid membrane emulsion for recovery of metals from mining waste waters and zinc liquors . Desalination , 53 : 197
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cahn , R. P. and Li , N. N. 1974 . Separation of phenol from wastewater by the liquid membrane technique . Sep. Sci. , 9 : 505
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cahn , R. P. and Li , N. N. 1976 . Separation of organic compounds by liquid membrane processes . J. Membr. Sci. , 1 : 129
   Google Scholar
• Babcock , W. C. , Baker , R. W. , Kelly , D. J. , Kleiber , J. C. and Lonsdale , H. K. 1979 . Coupled Transport Systems for Control of Heavy Metal Pollutants , Cincinnati : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency . EPA/600/2–79–181,
   Google Scholar
• Babcock , W. C. , Baker , R. W. , Kelley , D. J. and Lonsdale , H. K. 1978 . Coupled Transport Membranes for Metal Separations , Washington, D.C. : U.S. Bureau of Mines, Department of the Interior .
   Google Scholar
• Babcock , W. C. , Baker , R. W. , Kelley , D. J. , Lonsdale , H. K. , Ray , R. J. and Tuttle , M. E. 1977 . Coupled Transport Membranes for Metal Separation, Final Report, Phases 1 and 2 , U.S. Bureau of Mines Open File Report 114–79 Washington, D.C. : U.S. Bureau of Mines .
   Google Scholar
• Smith , K. L. , Babcock , W. C. , Baker , R. W. and Conrod , M. G. 1981 . “ Coupled transport membranes for removal of chromium from electroplating rinse solutions ” . In Chemistry in Water Reuse , Edited by: Cooper , W. J. Vol. 1 , Ann Arbor, Mich. : Ann Arbor Science Publishers . chap. 14.
   Google Scholar
• Lee , K. , Evans , D. F. and Cussler , E. L. 1978 . Selective copper recovery with two types of liquid membranes . AIChE J. , 24 : 860
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baker , R. W. , Tuttle , M. E. , Kelly , D. J. and Lonsdale , H. K. 1977 . Coupled transport membranes. I. Copper separations . J. Membr. Sci. , 2 : 213
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bend Research, Inc. Techbrief: Coupled‐Transport Membranes Bend, Oregon
   Google Scholar
• Bend Research, Inc. Technology Summary: Sludge Reclamation Using Coupled Transport Membranes Bend, Oregon
   Google Scholar