References
- Adams , C. E. Jr. , Ford , D. L. and Eckenfelder , W. W. Jr. 1981 . Development of Design and Operational Criteria for Wastewater Treatment , 107 Nashville, TN : Enviro Press .
- Adams , C. E. Jr. , Stein , R. M. , Joseph , J. J. and Walsh , T. 1975 . Design and performance of physical‐chemical and activated sludge treatment for an edible oil plant . Proc. Purdue Ind. Waste Conf. 1975 . Vol. 30 , pp. 457
- Alexander , W. D. and Maul , P. L. 1981 . Evaluation of a treatment system for spent machine coolants and oily wastewater . Proc. Purdue Ind. Wastee Conf. 1981 . Vol. 36 , pp. 41
- May 1971 . Sanitary Engineering Unit Operations and Unit Processes Laboratory Manual , May , American Association of Professions of Sanitary Engineering .
- 1969 . Manual on Disposal of Refinery Wastes , New York : American Petroleum Institute .
- 1981 . Annual Book of Standards, 31, Water , 654 American Society for Testing Materials . Standard D‐3921,
- Angelidou , D. , Deshavarz , E. , Richardson , M. J. and Jameson , G. J. 1977 . The removal of emulsified oil particles from water by flotation . Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Res. Dev. , 16 : 436
- Anon. 1973 . Outlook: waste water treatment with air flotation . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 7 : 996
- Anon. 1979 . Electrical process removes solids from waste streams . Chem. Week , 128 Jan. 24 : 39
- Arnoldi , H. W. , Corning , D. P. and Sykes , R. L. 1980 . The application of flotation techniques to the treatment of tannery waste waters . J. Soc. Leather Technol. Chem. , 64 : 69
- Azad , H. S. , ed. 1976 . Industrial Wastewater Management , New York : McGraw‐Hill .
- Backhurst , J. R. and Matis , K. A. 1981 . Electrolytic flotation in effluent treatment . J. Chem. Tech. Biotechnol. , 31 : 431
- Balden , A. R. 1967 . The treatment of wastewater from the Chrysler outboard engine plant located in Hartford, Wisconsin — a closed system . Proc. Purdue Ind. Waste Conf. 1967 . Vol. 22 , pp. 397
- Balden , A. R. 1969 . Wastewater treatment at the Chrysler corporation toledo machining plant . Proc. Purdue Ind. Waste Conf. 1969 . Vol. 24 , pp. 254
- Barker , J. E. , Foltz , V. W. and Thompson , R. J. 1971 . “ Treatment of waste oil: wastewater mixture ” . In Water—1970 , AIChE Symposium Series Edited by: Cecil , L. K. Vol. 67 , 423 New York : AIChE . No. 107,
- Bassett , M. G. 1971 . Wemco depurator system, Paper SPE 3349 . presented at the SPE Rocky Mountain Regional Meeting . June 1971 , Billings, MT.
- Bauer , D. 1976 . Treatment of oily wastes — oil recovery program . Proc. Purdue Ind. Waste Conf. 1976 . Vol. 31 , pp. 816
- Behie , L. A. , Van Ham , N. J. M. and Berk , D. 1982 . An experimental investigation into the induced air flotation of fine oil in water emulsions . presented at the 17th Canadian Symp. Water Pollution and Research . 1982 , Burlington, Ontario.
- Berne , F. 1982 . Physical‐chemical methods of treatment for oil‐containing effluents . Wat. Sci. Tech. , 14 : 1195
- Beychock , M. R. 1967 . Aqueous Wastes from Petroleum and Petrochemical Plants , New York : John Wiley & Sons .
- Bhattacharyya , D. , Jumawan , A. B. Jr. and Grieves , R. B. 1979 . Separation of toxic heavy metals by sulfide precipitation . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 14 : 414
- Biesinger , M. G. , Vining , T. S. and Shell , G. L. 1974 . Industrial experience with dissolved air flotation . Proc. Purdue Ind. Waste Conf. 1974 . Vol. 29 , pp. 290
- Boyd , J. L. and Shell , G. L. 1972 . Dissolved air flotation application to industrial wastewater treatment . Proc. Purdue Ind. Waste Conf. 1972 . Vol. 27 , pp. 705
- Boyd , J. L. , Shell , G. L. and Dahlstrom , D. A. 1972 . “ Treatment of oily waste waters to meet regulatory standards ” . In Water —1971 , AIChE Symposium Series Edited by: Cecil , L. K. Vol. 68 , 393 New York : AIChE . No. 124,
- Bratby , J. and Marais , G. V. R. 1975 . Saturator performance in dissolved air (pressure) flotation . Water Res. , 9 : 929
- Brown , D. J. 1966 . Fundamentals of froth flotation . Chem. Proc. Eng. , May : 201
- Burkhardt , C. W. 1983 . Control pollution by air flotation . Hydrocarbon Process. , May : 59
- Burkhardt , C. W. , Jones , J. V. III and Griffiths , D. W. 1978 . “ Factors influencing induced air flotation ” . In Water — 1977 , AIChE Symposium Series Edited by: Bennett , G. F. Vol. 74 , 283 New York : AIChE . No. 178,
- Byesda , J. J. 1980 . Oil‐Water Separation by Induced Air Flotation , Tulsa, OK : The University of Tulsa . Ph.D. thesis,
- Cardile , R. P. and Fronczak , R. 1981 . Resolution of an industry's oil waste problem . Proc. Purdue Ind. Waste Conf. 1981 . Vol. 36 , pp. 395
- Cardile , R. P. and Fronczak , R. 1982 . Railroad shops control an oily waste problem . Ind. Wastes (Chicago) , January/February : 20
- Carlton , J. C. , Aronberg , G. R. , Washington , D. R. , Goodwin , J. K. and Hall , E. P. 1982 . Handling of aluminum forming wastewater . Proc. Purdue Ind. Waste Conf. 1982 . Vol. 37 , pp. 105
- Chambers , D. B. and Cottrell , W. R. T. 1976 . Flotation: two fresh ways to treat effluents . Chem. Eng. , 83 : 95
- Chatman , T. E. , Huang , S.‐D. and Wilson , D. J. 1977 . Constant surface charge model in floe foam flotation. The flotation of copper (II) . Sep. Sci. , 12 : 461
- 1988 . Cost index . Chem. Eng. , 95 : 9
- Ching , L. A. 1981 . A study of the Simultaneous Removal of Heavy Metals and Oil and Grease by Dissolved Air Flotation , Toledo, OH : The University of Toledo . MS thesis,
- Churchill , R. J. and Kaufman , W. J. August 1973 . Waste Processing Related to Surface Chemistry of Oil Refinery Wastewaters , August , Berkeley : Sanitary Engineering Research Laboratory, University of California .
- Churchill , R. J. and Tacchi , K. J. 1978 . “ A critical analysis of flotation performance ” . In Water—1977 , AIChE Symposium Series Edited by: Bennett , G. F. 290 New York : AIChE .
- Clarke , A. N. and Wilson , D. J. 1978 . Separation by flotation . Sep. Purif. Methods , 7 : 55
- Collins , G. L. and Jameson , G. J. 1977 . Double‐layer effects on the flotation of fine particles . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 32 : 239
- Conway , R. A. , Nelson , R. F. and Young , B. P. 1981 . High‐solubility gas flotation . J. Water Pollut. Control Fed. , 53 : 1198
- Currin , B. L. , Kennedy , R. M. , Clarke , A. M. and Wilson , D. J. 1979 . Electrical aspects of adsorbing colloid flotation. X. Pretreatments, multiple removals, interferences, and specific adsorption . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 14 : 669
- Daukss , P. 1980 . Metal ion removal by precipitating flotation , Toledo, OH : the University of Toledo . unpublished report,
- David , H. T. and Perrett , F. Method of Separating Oil or Similar Impurities from Water . U.S. Patent No. 744171 . March 17, 1903 .
- David , B. T. and Vose , R. W. 1977 . Custom designs cut effluent treating costs; case histories at Chevron, U.S.A., Inc. Proc. Purdue Ind. Waste Conf. 1977 . Vol. 32 , pp. 1035
- Degner , V. R. 1976 . “ Dispersed air flotation cell design and operation ” . In Water—1975 , AIChE Symposium Series Edited by: Bennett , G. F. Vol. 71 , 257 New York : AIChE . No. 151,
- Degner , V. R. and Colbert , W. V. Dispersed Gas Flotation Process . U.S. Patent 4,110,210 . August 29, 1978 .
- Dispersed Air Flotation Machine . U.S. Patent, 4,226,706 . August 7, 1980 .
- Degner , V. R. and Winter , M. K. 1979 . “ Recent advances in wastewater treatment using induced‐air flotation ” . In Water—1978 , AIChE Symposium Series Edited by: Bennett , G.F. Vol. 75 , 119 New York : AIChE . No. 190,
- Degremont . 1979 . Water Treatment Handbook , 191 New York : John Wiley & Sons .
- 1976 . The Separation of Oil from Water for North Sea Operations , Pollution Paper No. 6 Department of the Environment, Central Unit on Environmental Pollution, U.K., Her Majesty's Stationary Office .
- De Renzo , D. J. , ed. 1981 . Pollution Control Technology for Industrial Wastewaters , Park Ridge, NJ : Noyes Data Corp. .
- Eckenfelder , W. W. Jr. 1980 . Principles of Water Quality Management , 168 Boston, MA : CBI Publishing .
- Eckenfelder , W. W. Jr. and O'Connor , D. J. 1961 . Biological Waste Treatment , New York : Pergamon Press .
- El‐Ela , S. E. A. and Nawar , S. S. 1980 . Treatment of wastewater from an oil and soap factory via dissolved air flotation . Environ. Int. , 4 : 47
- Ellis , M. M. and Fischer , P. W. 1973 . Clarifying oil field and refinery waste waters by gas flotation . J. Pet. Technol. , April : 426
- Dissolved Air Flotation, product brochure, Envirex Corp., Oct. 1982.
- Eimco Flotation, equipment brochure, Envirotech, Salt Lake City, UT, undated.
- Ettelt , G. A. 1976 . Can forming plant removes oils and phosphates; controls pH . Ind. Waste , March/April
- Ettelt , G. A. 1977 . Control of flotation separator equipment including integrating with chemical pretreatment processes . Prog. Water Technol. , 9 : 363
- Finkler , M. L. , Olds , S. D. and Applegate , C. S. 1976 . Pilot plant testing develops treatment for petroleum refinery . Proc. Purdue Ind. Waste Conf. 1976 . Vol. 31 , pp. 26
- Ford , D. L. and Elton , R. L. 1977 . Removal of oil and grease from industrial wastewaters . Chem. Eng. Desk Book Issue , 84 : 49
- Franzen , A. E. , Skogan , V. G. and Grutsch , J. F. 1972 . Chem. Eng. Prog. , 68 : 65
- Gardner , N. A. 1972 . Flotation techniques applied to the treatment of effluents . Effluent Water Treat. J. , 12 : 82
- Gotzy , E. Evaluation of Chemicals and Their Cleaning Ability on Oil and Suspended Solids in Cast House Cooling Water Using Induced‐Air Flotation , Hawesville, KY : National‐Southwire Aluminum Co. . undated.
- Grieves , R. B. 1970 . Foam separations for industrial wastes: process selection . Proc. Purdue Ind. Waste Conf. 1970 . Vol. 25 , pp. 398
- Grosz , R. B. 1979 . Upgrading biological systems to improve performance and reliably meet effluent standards . presented at the 53rd Annual Ohio Water Pollution Control Conf. June 1979 , Toledo.
- Grutsch , J. F. 1978 . Wastewater treatment: the electrical connection . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 12 : 1022
- Hahn , D. J. , Ende , J. J. , Rich , T. F. and Tremel , F. J. 1969 . A new flotation aid in a paper mill white water system . Proc. Purdue Ind. Waste Conf. 1969 . Vol. 24 , pp. 1348
- Hale , L. C. and Bauer , D. 1977 . Techniques for purifying oily wastewater . Plant Eng. , 31 : 131
- Hart , J. A. 1970 . Air flotation treatment and reuse of refinery waste water . Proc. Purdue Ind. Waste Conf. 1970 . Vol. 25 , pp. 406
- Hart , J. A. 1970 . On improving wastewater quality . Water and Sewage Works , September : 117
- Henry , J.G. and Gehr , R. 1981 . Dissolved air flotation for primary and secondary clarification . Environment Canada ,
- Hillis , M. R. 1970 . Electrolytic treatment of effluents . Effluent Water Treat. J. , 10 : 33
- Hobe , D. 1978 . Tuna cannery waste treatment . presented at the Pacific Northwest Pollution Control Assoc., 1978 Annu. Conf. October 1978 , Victoria, B.C..
- Hopwood , A. P. Recovery of oils, fats, and protein from wastewater . Recycling Waste Disposal , 2 183
- Laboratory Test for Flotation Treatment of Wastewater, Infilco Degremont Inc., undated.
- Izumi , G. , Sato , M. , Shoji , S. and Oikawa , K. 1976 . Foamy complex formation for removing and recovery of heavy metal ions in dilute solutions with N‐monodecanoyl diethyltriamine . Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. , 49 : 1727
- Jackson , G. F. , Humes , E. , Wade , M. J. and Kirsch , M. October 1981 . Oil Content in Produced Brine on Ten Louisiana Production Platforms , U.S. EPA Rep. EPA‐606/52–81–209 October , U.S. Environmental Protection Agency .
- Jones , A. D. and Hall , A. C. 1981 . Removal of metal ions from aqueous solution by dissolved‐air flotation . Filtr. Sep. , October : 386
- Katnik , K. E. and Pavilcius , A. M. 1979 . A simplified approval and purifying oily wastewater . Plant Eng. , October : 33 18
- Katnik , K.E. and Pavilcius , A. M. 1978 . A novel chemical approach for the treatment of oily wastewaters . Proc. Purdue Ind. Waste Conf. 1978 . Vol. 33 , pp. 234
- Katz , W. J. 1959 . Adsorption — secret of success in separating solids by air flotation . Wastes Eng. , July
- Katz , W. J. 1960 . Dissolved air flotation as applied to the treatment of oil production waste and refinery waste . API Drilling Prod. Pract. ,
- Katz , W. J. and Geinopolos , A. 1967 . Sludge thickening by dissolved air flotation . J. Water Pollut. Control. Fed. , 39 : 946
- Katz , W. J. and Geinopolos , A. 1968 . Primary treatment . Chem. Eng. , 75 : 78
- Kim , Y. S. and Zeitlin , H. 1972 . The separation of zinc and copper from seawater by adsorption colloid flotation . Sep. Sci. , 7 : 1
- Kirkup , W. M. 1977 . Refinery oil/water separation equipment and its applications . Filtr. Sep. , May/June : 259
- Kreye , W. C. , Oliver , J. W. , Sutton , H. C. and Voreh , F. R. 1978 . Treatment of zinc plating and oil bearing wastewater . Proc. Purdue Ind. Waste Conf. 1978 . Vol. 33 , pp. 155
- Kulowiec , J. J. 1979 . Techniques for removing oil and grease from industrial wastewater . Pollut. Eng. , 11 : 49
- Lee , E. L. and Schwab , R. F. 1978 . Treatment of oily machinery waste . Proc. Purdue Ind. Waste Conf. 1978 . Vol. 33 , pp. 624
- Leech , C. A. III , Radhakrishnan , S. , Hillyer , M. J. and Degner , V. R. 1980 . Performance evaluation of induced gas flotation machine through mathematical modelling . J. Pet. Technol. , January : 48
- Luthy , R. G. , Selleck , R. E. and Galloway , T. R. 1977 . Surface properties of petroleum refining waste oil emulsions . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 11 : 1211
- Luthy , R. G. , Selleck , R. E. and Galloway , T. R. 1978 . Removal of emulsified oil with organic coagulants and dissolved air flotation . J. Water Pollut. Control Fed. , 50 : 331
- Lynes , P. F. 1980 . Evaluation of induced air flotation for railyard wastewater . Proc. 8th Annu. WWEMA Conf. 1980 . pp. 177
- Massaldi , H. A. , Newman , E. J. and King , C. J. 1975 . Maximum droplet growth when cooling a saturated solution . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 30 : 563
- Mathews , A. , Bishnoi , P. R. and Svrcek , W. Y. 1979 . Treatment of oil contaminated waste waters by foam fractionation . Water Res. , 13 : 385
- Matis , K. A. 1980 . Treatment of industrial liquid wastes by electroflotation . Water Pollut. Control , : 136
- McDonald , C. and Suleiman , A. 1979 . Ion flotation of copper using ethylhexadecyldimethylammonium bromide . Separation Sci. Technology , 14 : 219
- McIntyre , J. P. 1983 . Dual systems best for dual wastes . Pollut. Eng. , September : 46
- Moursy , A. S. and El‐Ela , S. E. A. 1982 . Treatment of oily refinery wastes using a dissolved air flotation process . Environ. Int. , 7 : 267
- Murakami , E. S. and Robe , K. 1975 . Before: sewage changes $55,660/yr, now: $4340 . Food Proc. , August
- Nemerow , N. L. 1971 . Liquid Wastes of Industry: Theories, Practices and Treatment , Reading, MA : Addison‐Wesley .
- Nipper , R. D. 1978 . A Study of Induced Air Flotation and Removal of Emulsified Oil from a Drum Recycling Plant Wastewater , Toledo, OH : The University of Toledo . MS thesis,
- Oblinger , F. G. , Weintraub , M. H. , Gealer , R. L. and Blais , E. J. 1984 . In‐plant operation of electrolytic cell for oily wastewater treatment . Environ. Prog. , 3 : 1
- Oblinger , F. G. , Weintraub , M. H. , Blais , E. J. and Gealer , R. L. 1986 . Automation of the electrolytic cell for the treatment of oily wastewater . Environ. Prog. , 5 : 283
- Osamore , F. A. and Ahlert , R. C. April 1978 . Oil Water Separation, State‐of‐the‐Art , USEPA Report April , 96 NTIS. PB‐280,‐758,
- Paulson , E. G. 1972 . “ Water pollution control programs and systems ” . In Industrial Pollution Control Handbook , Edited by: Lund , H. F. New York : McGraw‐Hill .
- Pearson , D. and Shirley , J. M. 1973 . Precipitate flotation in the treatment of metal‐bearing effluents . J. Appl. Chem. Biotechnol. , 23 : 101
- Pearson , S. C. Factors influencing oil removal efficiency in dissolved air flotation units . Proc. 4th Annu. Ind. Pollut. Conf. Philadelphia : WWEMA .
- Peters , H. G. 1980 . Mixing technology reduces energy use . Ind. Waste , May/June : 26
- Pinfold , T. A. 1970 . Adsorptive bubble separation methods . Sep. Sci. , 5 : 379
- Pushkarov , V. V. , Yuzhaninov , A. G. and Men , S. K. 1983 . Treatment of Oil‐Containing Wastewaters , New York : Allerton Press .
- Quigley , R. F. and Hoffman , E. L. 1966 . Flotation of oily waste . Proc. Purdue Ind. Waste Conf. 1966 . Vol. 21 , pp. 527
- Patterson , J. W. 1975 . Wastewater Treatment Technology , 183 Ann Arbor, MI : Ann Arbor Science Publishers .
- Ramirez , E. R. 1979 . Comparitive physiochemical study of industrial waste‐water treatment by electrolytic, dispersed air and dissolved air flotation technologies . Proc. Purdue Ind. Waste Conf. 1979 . Vol. 34 , pp. 699
- Ramirez , E. R. 1981 . Physicochemical treatment of rendering wastewater by electrocoagulation . Proc. Purdue Ind. Waste Conf. 1981 . Vol. 36 , pp. 437
- Raphaleian , L. A. and Harrison , W. 1978 . Trace Organic Variations Across the Wastewater Treatment System of a Class‐B Refinery , Washington, D.C. : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency . EPA 7–28–125,
- Reed , S. W. and Woodward , F. F. 1976 . Dissolved air flotation of poultry processing waste . J. Water Pollut. Control Fed. , 48 : 107
- Roberts , K. L. , Weeter , D. W. and Ball , R. O. 1978 . Dissolved air flotation performance . Proc. Purdue Ind. Waste Conf. 1978 . Vol. 33 , pp. 194
- Robertson , R. P. , Wilson , D. J. and Wilson , C. S. 1976 . The adsorbing colloid flotation of lead (11) and zinc (11) by hydroxides . Sep. Sci. , 11 : 569
- Rohlich , G. A. 1954 . Application of air flotation to refinery waste waters . Ind. Eng. Chem. , 46 : 304
- Roth , H. P. and Ferguson , P. V. 1977 . An integrated industrial waste water treatment using electroflotation and reverse osmosis . Desalination , 23 : 49
- Rubin , A. J. and Lapp , W. L. 1971 . Foam fractionation and precipitate flotation of zinc (11) . Sep. Sci. , 6 : 357
- Rubin , A. J. and Lapp , W. L. 1969 . Foam separation of lead (11) with sodium lauryl sulfate . Anal. Chem. , 41 : 1133
- Rubin , A. J. 1972 . “ Removal and use of hydrolyzable metals in foam separation ” . In Adsorptive Bubble Separation Techniques , Edited by: Lemlich , R. 199 New York : Academic Press .
- Rubin , A. J. and Johnson , J. D. 1967 . Affect of pH on ion and precipitate flotation systems . Anal. Chem. , 39 : 298
- Sato , Y. , Murakami , Y. , Hirose , T. , Yamamoto , H. and Uryu , Y. 1979 . Removal of emulsified air particles by dissolved air flotation . J. Chem. Eng. Jpn. , 12 : 454
- Schmidt , L. and Morfopoulos , V. 1983 . Bubble formation in the dissolved air flotation process . paper presented at AIChE Meeting . May 1983 , Houston.
- Shannon , W. T. and Buisson , D. H. 1980 . Dissolved air flotation in hot water . Water Res. , 14 : 759
- Simonsen , R. N. 1962 . Oil removal by air flotation at Sohio Refineries . presented at API Conf. May 1962 , San Francisco.
- Slapik , M. A. , Thackston , E. L. and Wilson , D. J. 1982 . Improvements in foam flotation for lead removal . J. Water Pollut. Control Fed. , 54 : 238
- Smith , A. W. and Robe , K. 1976 . Heavy‐emulsion oil waste reduced from 2000 to 10 ppm . Chem. Proc. , Nov. : 22
- Snider , E. H. and Manning , F. S. 1982 . A survey of pollutant emission levels in wastewaters and residuals from the petroleum refining industry . Environ. Int. , 7 : 237
- Sport , M. C. 1970 . Design and operation of dissolved gas‐flotation equipment and the treatment of oil field produced brine . J. Pet. Technol. , August : 918
- Steiner , J. L. 1977 . A Study of Dissolved and Induced Air Flotation to Remove Oil and Suspended Solids from Petroleum Refinery Wastewater , Toledo, OH : The University of Toledo . MS thesis,
- Steiner , J. L. , Bennett , G. F. , Mohler , E. F. and Clere , L. T. 1978 . Air flotation of refinery waste water . Chem. Eng. Prog. , 74 : 39
- Strickland , W. T. Jr. 1980 . Laboratory results of cleaning produced water by gas flotation . Soc. Pet. Eng. J. , 20 : 175
- Sylvester , N. D. and Byeseda , J. J. 1980 . Oil/water separation by induced‐air flotation . Soc. Pet. Eng. J. , 20 : 579
- Tabakin , R. B. , Trattner , R. and Cheremisinoff , P. N. 1978 . Oil/water separation technology: the options available. I . Water and Sewage Wastes , 125 : 74
- Tabakin , R. B. , Trattner , R. and Cheremisinoff , P. N. 1978 . Oil/water separation technology: the options available. II . Water and Sewage Wastes , : 72
- Thompson , C. S. , Stock , J. and Mehta , P. L. 1972 . Cost and operating factors for treatment of oily waste water . Oil Gas J , 70 : 53
- Thurston , R. J. S. 1979 . Petro‐chemical waste water treatment . Environ. Pollut. Manage. , 9 : 172
- Travers , S. M. and Lovett , D. A. 1985 . Pressure flotation of abattoir wastewaters, using carbon dioxide . Water Res. , 19 : 1479
- 1967 . The Cost of Clean Water , Industrial Waste Profiles No. 5 Vol. III , Washington, D.C. : U.S.. Department of the Interior . Petroleum Refining,
- 1974 . Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Waste , Washington, D.C. : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency .
- Van Ham , N. J. M. , Behie , L. A. and Svrcek , W. Y. 1983 . The effect of air distribution on the induced air flotation of fine oil in water emulsions . Can. J. Chem. Eng. , 61 : 541
- Vaughn , S. H. and McCurdy , R. S. 1973 . Wastewater treatment at Ford's Windsor complex . Ind. Wastes, (Chicago) , May/June : 34
- Volesky , B. and Agathos , S. 1974 . Oil removed from refinery wastes by air flotation . Water Pollut. Res. Can. , 9 : 328
- Vrablik , E. R. 1959 . Fundamental principles of dissolved air flotation of industrial wastes . Proc. Purdue Ind. Waste Conf. 1959 . Vol. 14 , pp. 743
- Vrablik , E. R. 1957 . An evaluation of circular gravity‐type separation and dissolved‐air flotation for treating oil refinery waste water . Proc. Purdue Ind. Waste Conf. 1957 . Vol. 12 , pp. 73
- Vurich , M. G. and Vitellas , M. X. 1976 . Emulsion control and oil refinery on the lubricating system of double‐reduction mills . Iron and Steel Eng. , 53 : 29
- Wahl , J. R. , Hayes , T. C. , Kleper , M. H. and Pinto , S. D. 1979 . Ultrafiltration for today's oily wastewaters, a survey of current ultrafiltration systems . Proc. Purdue Ind. Waste Conf. 1979 . Vol. 34 , pp. 719
- Walzer , J. G. 1978 . Design criteria for dissolved air flotation . Pollut. Eng. , 10 : 46
- Wang , L. K. , Yang , J. Y. and Dahm , D. B. 1975 . Separation of emulsified oil from water . Chem. Ind. , July 5 : 562
- Weintraub, M. H., Dzieciuch, M. A., and Gealer, R. L., U.S. Patent 4,194,972, March 25, 1980.
- Weintraub , M. H. , Gealer , R. L. , Golovoy , A. and Dzieciuch , M. A. 1983 . Development of electrolytic treatment of oily wastewater . Environ. Prog. , 2 : 32
- 1982 . Evaluation of Lectro Clean Process for Meat Packing Wastewater Treatment , Edmonton, Alberta : Western Industrial Laboratories . Environmental Protection Service, Ottawa, Canada,
- Wigren , A. A. and Burton , F. L. 1972 . Refinery wastewater control . J. Water Pollut. Control Fed. , : 117
- Woods , D. R. and Slezak , M. W. 1973 . Treatment of oily wastes from a steel mill . J. Water Pollut. Control Fed. , 45 : 2136
- Wood , R. F. and Dick , R. I. 1973 . Factors influencing batch flotation tests . J. Water Pollut. Control Fed. , 45 : 304
- Woodward , F. E. , Sproul , O. J. , Hall , M. W. and Ghosh , M. M. 1972 . Abatement of pollution from a poultry processing plant . J. Water Pollut. Control Fed. , 44 : 1909
- Woodward , F. E. , Hall , M. W. , Sproul , O. J. and Ghosh , M. M. 1977 . New concepts in treatment of poultry processing wastes . Water Res. , 11 : 873
- Wulfinghoff , M. 1974 . Wastes and Solids, Liquids, Gas , New York : Chemical Publishing .
- Zimmerman , M. H. and Jacquez , R. B. 1981 . Poultry waste pretreatment through dissolved air flotation coupled with lime‐polymer conditioning . Proc. Purdue Ind. Waste Conf. 1981 . Vol. 35 , pp. 586