From Play Areas to Natural Areas: The Role of Zoos in Getting Families Outdoors

REFERENCES

• Adelman , L. M. , Dierking , L. and Ogden , J. 2004 . Using a behavior change model to document the impacts of visits to Disney's Animal Kingdom: A study investigating intended conservation action . Curator: The Museum Journal , 47 : 322 – 343 .
   Google Scholar
• Adelman , L. M. , Falk , J. and James , S. 2000 . Impacts of National Aquarium in Baltimore on visitors’ conservation attitudes, behavior, and knowledge . Curator: The Museum Journal , 43 : 33 – 61 .
   Google Scholar
• Ajzen , I. 1991 . The theory of planned behavior . Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes , 50 : 179 – 211 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Association of Zoos and Aquariums . 2009 . Climate and wildlife Retrieved from http://www.aza.org/climate-disruption
   Google Scholar
• Baratay , E. and Hardouin-Fugier , E. 2002 . Zoo: A history of zoological gardens in the West , London , , UK : Reakton Books . (O. Welsh, Trans.).
   Google Scholar
• Burdette , H. and Whitaker , R. 2005 . Resurrecting free play in young children: Looking beyond fitness and fatness to attention, affiliation, and affect . Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine , 159 : 46 – 50 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chawla , L. 2006 . Learning to love the natural world enough to protect it . Barn , 2 : 57 – 78 .
   Google Scholar
• Cheng , J. C. , Monroe , M. C. and Gordon , A. 2008 . Measuring the effectiveness of Lagoon Quest , Gainesville : University of Florida . (Cooperative Extension Publication # CIR1528.) Retrieved from http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fr261
   Google Scholar
• Clements , R. 2004 . An investigation of the state of outdoor play . Contemporary Issues in Early Childhood , 5 ( 1 ) : 68 – 80 .
   Google Scholar
• Fjortoft , I. 2004 . Landscape as playscape: The effects of natural environments on children's play and motor development . Children, Youth, and Environments , 14 ( 2 ) : 21 – 44 .
   Google Scholar
• Hewes , J. 2007 . “ The value of play in early learning: Towards a pedagogy ” . In Several perspectives on children's play: Scientific reflections for practitioners , Edited by: Jambor , T. and Gils , J. Van . 119 – 132 . Antwerp , , Belgium : Garant .
   Google Scholar
• Isenberg , J. P. and Quisenberry , N. 2002 . Play: Essential for all children . Childhood Education , 79 : 33 – 39 .
   Google Scholar
• KaBOOM! . 2009 . Play matters: A study of best practices to inform local policy and process in support of children's play , Washington , DC : KaBoom! . Retrieved from http://kaboom.org/docs/documents/pdf/playmatters/Play_Matters_Case_Summaries.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Kellert , S. 2005 . Building for life: Designing and understanding the human-nature connection , Washington , DC : Island Press .
   Google Scholar
• Kolb , D. A. 1984 . Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development , Englewood Cliffs , NJ : Prentice Hall .
   Google Scholar
• Louv , R. 2005 . Last child in the woods: Saving our children from nature-deficit disorder , Chapel Hill , NC : Algonquin Books .
   Google Scholar
• Malone , K. and Tranter , P. 2003 . School grounds as sites for learning: Making the most of environmental opportunities . Environmental Education Research , 9 : 283 – 303 .
   Google Scholar
• Price , E. A. , Vining , J. and Saunders , C. D. 2009 . Intrinsic and extrinsic rewards in a nonformal environmental education program . Zoo Biology , 28 : 361 – 376 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rogers , E. M. 1995 . Diffusion of innovations , New York , NY : Free Press .
   Google Scholar
• Schultz , P. W. 2002 . “ Knowledge, information, and household recycling: Examining the knowledge-deficit model of behavior change ” . In New tools for environmental protection: Education, information, and voluntary measures , Edited by: Dietz , T. and Stern , P. C. 67 – 82 . Washington , DC : National Academy Press .
   Google Scholar
• Singer , D. G. , Singer , J. L. , D’Agostino , H. and DeLong , R. 2008 . Children's pastimes and play in sixteen nations: Is free-play declining? . American Journal of Play , 1 : 283 – 312 .
   Google Scholar
• Smith , P. K. and Pellegrini , A. 2008 . “ Learning through play ” . In Encyclopedia on early childhood development , Edited by: Tremblay , R. E. , Barr , R. G. , Peters , R. and Boivin , M. Montreal , Quebec : Centre of Excellence for Early Childhood Development . [online] Retrieved from http://www.child-encyclopedia.com/documents/Smith-PellegriniANGxp.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Taylor , A. and Kuo , F. 2009 . Children with attention deficits concentrate better after walk in the park . Journal of Attention Disorders , 12 : 402 – 409 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor , A. , Kuo , F. and Sullivan , W. 2001 . Coping with ADD: The surprising connection to green play settings . Environment and Behavior , 33 : 54 – 77 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vadala , C. , Bixler , R. and James , J. 2007 . Childhood play and environmental interests: Panacea or snake oil? . Journal of Environmental Education , 39 : 3 – 18 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wells , N. 2000 . At home with nature: Effects of “greenness” on children's cognitive functioning . Environment and Behavior , 32 : 775 – 795 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wells , N. and Lekies , K. 2006 . Nature and the life course: Pathways from childhood nature experiences to adult environmentalism . Children, Youth, and Environments , 16 : 1 – 24 .
   Google Scholar
• White , R. 2006 . Young children's relationship with nature: Its importance to children's development and the Earth's future . Taproot , 16 ( 2 ) Cortland, NY: The Coalition for Education in the Outdoors. Retrieved from http://www.whitehutchinson.com/children/articles/childrennature.shtml
   Google Scholar
• White , R. and Stoecklin , V. 1998 . Children's outdoor play and learning environments: Returning to nature . Early Childhood News. , March/April Retrieved from http://www.whitehutchinson.com/children/articles/outdoor.shtml
   Google Scholar