Directional preference constructs for patients’ low back pain in the absence of centralization

References

• Cook C, Ej H, Ramey K. Physical therapy exercise intervention based on classification using the patient response method: a systematic review of the literature. J Man Manip Ther. 2005;13:152–162.
   Google Scholar
• Delitto A, George SZ, van Dillen LR, et al. Low back pain. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2012;42:A1–57.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Surkitt LD, Ford JJ, Hahne AJ, et al. Efficacy of directional preference management for low back pain: a systematic review. Phys Ther. 2012;92:652–665.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Werneke MW. “Centralization” and “directional preference” are not synonymous. J Orthop Sport Phys Ther. 2009;39:827.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKenzie RA, May S. The lumbar spine: mechanical diagnosis and therapy. Waikanae, New Zealand: Spinal Publication, Ltd; 2003.
   Google Scholar
• Hall H, McIntosh G, Boyle C. Effectiveness of a low back pain classification system. Spine J. 2009;9:648–657.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fairbank J, Se G, Jc F, et al. The role of classification of chronic low back pain. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2011;S19–42.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Long A, Donelson R, Fung T. Does it matter which exercise? Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2004;29:2593–2602.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• George SZ, Bialosky JE, Donald DA. The centralization phenomenon and fear-avoidance beliefs as prognostic factors for acute low back pain: a preliminary investigation involving patients classified for specific exercise. J Orthop Sport Phys Ther. 2005;35:580–588.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yarznbowicz R, Tao M, Owens A, et al. Pain pattern classification and directional preference are associated with clinical outcomes for patients with low back pain. J Man Manip Ther. 2018;26:18–24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Werneke MW, Hart DL, Cutrone G, et al. Association between directional preference and centralization in patients with low back pain. J Orthop Sport Phys Ther. 2011;41:22–31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fritz JM, Cleland J, Jd C. Subgrouping patients with low back pain: evolution of a classification approach to physical therapy. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2007;37:290–302.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Werneke M, Hart DL. Discriminant validity and relative precision for classifying patients with nonspecific neck and back pain by anatomic pain patterns. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2003;28:161–166.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Werneke MW, Hart DL, Resnik L, et al. Centralization: prevalence and effect on treatment outcomes using a standardized operational definition and measurement method. J Orthop Sport Phys Ther. 2008;38:116–125.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wand BM, Hunter R, O’Connell NE, et al. The self-reported aggravating activities of people with chronic non-specific low back pain do not involve consistent directions of spinal movement: an observational study. Aust J Physiother. 2009;55:47–51.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Browder DA, Childs JD, Cleland JA, et al. Effectiveness of an extension-oriented treatment approach in a subgroup of subjects with low back pain: a randomized clinical trial. Phys Ther. 2007;87:1608–1618.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paatelma M, Kilpikoski S, Simonen R, et al. Orthopaedic manual therapy, Mckenzie method or advice only for low back pain in working adults: a randomized controlled trial with one year follow-up. J Rehabil Med. 2008;40:858–863.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brennan GP, Fritz JM, Hunter SJ, et al. Identifying subgroups of patients with acute/subacute “ nonspecific ” low back pain results of a randomized clinical trial. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2006;31:623–631.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller ER, Schenk RJ, Karnes JL, et al. A comparison of the Mckenzie approach to a specific spine stabilization program for chronic low back pain. J Man Manip Ther. 2005;13:103–112.
   Google Scholar
• Schenk RJ, Jozefczyk C, Kopf A. A randomized trial comparing interventions in patients with lumbar posterior derangement. J Man Manip Ther. 2003;11:95–102.
   Google Scholar
• Rondinelli R, Murphy J, Esler A, et al. Estimation of normal lumbar flexion with surface inclinometry: A comparison of three methods. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 1992;71:219–224.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mellin G. Measurement of thoracolumbar posture and mobility with a mvrin inclinometer. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1986;11:759–762.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mellin G, Kiiski R, Weckstrom A. Effects of subject position on measurements of flexion, extension, and lateral flexion of the spine. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1991;16:1108–1110.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saur PMM, Ensink FBM, Frese K, et al. Lumbar range of motion: reliability and validity of the inclinometer technique in the clinical measurement of trunk flexibility. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1996;21:1332–1338.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hicks GE, Fritz JM, Delitto A, et al. Interrater reliability of clinical examination measures for identification of lumbar segmental instability. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2003;84:1858–1864.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biely SA, Silfies SP, Smith SS, et al. Clinical observation of standing trunk movements: what do the aberrant movement patterns tell us? J Orthop Sport Phys Ther. 2014;44:262–272.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sc K, Waring W, Biering-Sorensen F, et al. Reference for the 2011 revision of the international standards for neurological classification of spinal cord injury. J Spinal Cord Med. 2011;34:547–554.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clifton GL, Donovan WH, Dimitrijevic MM, et al. Omental transposition in chronic spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord. 1996;34:193–203.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wadsworth CT, Krishnan R, Sear M, et al. Intrarater reliability of manual muscle testing and hand-held dynametric muscle testing. Phys Ther. 1987;67:1342–1347.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jm F, Pandya S, Wm K, et al. Intrarater reliability of manual muscle test (Medical research council scale) grades in Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy. Phys Ther. 1992;72:115–122.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barr A, Diamond B, Wade C, et al. Reliability of testing measures in Duchenne or Becker muscular dystrophy. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1991;72:315–319.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magee D. Orthopedic physical assessment. 5th ed. St. Louis, Missouri: Saunders Elsevier; 2008.
   Google Scholar
• Litvan I, Mangone CA, Werden W, et al. Reliability of the NINDS myotatic reflex scale. Neurology. 1996;47:969–972.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Philip K, Lew P, Matyas T. The Inter-Therapis Reliability of the slump test. Aust J Physiother. 1989;35:89–94.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Childs J, Piva S, Fritz J. Responsiveness of the numeric pain rating scale in patients with low back pain. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2005;30:1331–1334.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ostelo RWJG, Deyo RA, Stratford P, et al. Interpreting change scores for pain and functional status in low back pain: towards international consensus regarding minimal important change. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2008;33:90–94.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fritz JM, Piva SR. Physical impairment index: reliability, validity, and responsiveness in patients with acute low back pain. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2003;28:1189–1194.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• May S, Aina A. Centralization and directional preference: a systematic review. Man Ther. 2012;17:497–506.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Werneke MW, Hart DL, Cook D, et al. Study of the centralization phenomenon. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1999;24:676–683.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cyriax J. Diagnosis of soft tissue lesions. 6th ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1976.
   Google Scholar
• Delitto A, Erhard RE, Richard W, et al. Approach to low back syndrome : identrfying and staging patients for conservative treatment. Phys Ther. 1995;75:470–485.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nachemson A. Lumbar spine instability: a critical update and symposium summary. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1985;10:290–291.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ogon M, Bender BR, Hooper DM, et al. A dynamic approach to spinal instability: part II: hesitation and giving-way during interspital motion. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1997;22:2859–2866.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macnab I, McCulloch J. Backache. 2nd ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1990.
   Google Scholar