Polysubstance Use and Heroin Relapse Among Adolescents Following Residential Treatment

REFERENCES

• Aharonovich , E. , Liu , X. , Samet , S. , Nunes , E. , Waxman , R. , & Hasin , D. ( 2005 ). Postdischarge cannabis use and its relationship to cocaine, alcohol, and heroin use: A prospective study. American Journal of Psychiatry , 162 , 1507 – 1514 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Church , S. H. , Rothenberg , J. L. , Sullivan , M. A. , Bornstein , G. , & Nunes , E. V. ( 2001 ). Concurrent substance use and outcome in combined behavioral and naltrexone therapy for opiate dependence. American Journal of Drug & Alcohol Abuse , 27 , 441 – 452 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clemmey , P. , Payne , L. , Adger , H. , & Fishman , M. ( 2003 ). Mountain Manor Treatment Center: Baltimore: Manual for a short-term residential treatment program for adolescent substance use disorders. Retrieved from http://www.chestnut.org/LI/BookStore/Blurbs/Manuals/ATM/ATM104-Baltimore.html
   Google Scholar
• Clemmey , P. , Payne , L. , & Fishman , M. (2004). Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of adolescent heroin users. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs , 36, 85–94.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dennis , M. L. ( 1999 ). Global Appraisal of Individual Needs (GAIN) . Bloomington , IL : Lighthouse Publications, Chestnut Health Systems . Retrieved from http://www.chestnut.org/li/gain
   Google Scholar
• Dennis , M. L. , Titus , J. C. , White , M. K. , Unsicker , J. , & Hodgkins , D. ( 2003 ). Global Appraisal of Individual Needs: Administration guide for the GAIN and related measures . Bloomington , IL : Chestnut Health Systems .
   Google Scholar
• Epstein , D. H. , & Preston , K. L. ( 2003 ). Does cannabis use predict poor outcome for heroin-dependent patients on maintenance treatment? Past findings and more evidence against. Addiction , 98 , 269 – 279 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gandhi , D. H. , Kavanagh , G. J. , & Jaffe , J. H. ( 2006 ). Young heroin users in Baltimore: A qualitative study. American Journal of Drug & Alcohol Abuse , 32 , 177 – 188 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gossop , M. , Stewart , D. , Browne , N. , & Marsden , J. ( 2002 ). Factors associated with abstinence, lapse or relapse to heroin use after residential treatment: Protective effect of coping responses. Addiction , 97 , 1259 – 1267 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hopfer , C. J. , Khuri , E. , Crowley , T. J. , & Hooks , S. ( 2002 ). Adolescent heroin use: A review of the descriptive and treatment literature. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment , 23 , 231 – 237 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kellogg , S. , Melia , D. , Khuri , E. , Lin , A. , Ho , A. , & Kreek , M. J. ( 2006 ). Adolescent and young adult heroin patients: Drug use success in methadone maintenance treatment. Journal of Addictive Diseases , 25 , 15 – 25 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lennox , R. , Dennis , M. L. , Scott , C. K. , & Funk , R. ( 2006 ). Combining psychometric and biometric measures of substance use. Drug & Alcohol Dependence , 83 , 95 – 103 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leri , F. , Bruneau , J. , & Stewart , J. ( 2003 ). Understanding polydrug use: Review of heroin and cocaine co-use. Addiction , 98 , 7 – 22 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maremmani , I. , Pani , P. P. , Mellini , A. , Pacini , M. , Marini , G. , Lovrecic , M. , … Shinderman , M. ( 2007 ). Alcohol and cocaine use and abuse among opioid addicts engaged in a methadone maintenance treatment program. Journal of Addictive Diseases , 26 , 61 – 70 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marsch , L. A. , Bickel , W. K. , Badger , G. J. , Stothart , M. E. , Quesnel , K. J. , Stanger , C. , & Brooklyn , J. ( 2005 ). Comparison of pharmacological treatments for opioid-dependent adolescents: A randomized controlled trial. Archives of General Psychiatry , 62 , 1157 – 1164 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McNemar , Q. ( 1947 ). Note on the sampling error of the differences between correlated proportions of percentages. Psychometrika , 12 , 153 – 157 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mills , K. L. , Teesson , M. , Darke , S. , Ross , J. , & Lynskey , M. ( 2007 ). Young people with heroin dependence: Findings from the Australian Treatment Outcome Study (ATOS). Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment , 27 , 67 – 73 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Motamed , M. , Marsch , L. A. , Solhkhah , R. , Bickel , W. K. , & Badger , G. J. ( 2008 ). Differences in treatment outcomes between prescription opioid-dependent and heroin-dependent adolescents. Journal of Addiction Medicine , 2 , 158 – 164 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nava , F. , Manzato , E. , & Lucchini , A. ( 2007 ). Chronic cannabis use does not affect the normalization of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis induced by methadone in heroin addicts. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry , 31 , 1089 – 1094 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raby , W. N. , Carpenter , K. M. , Rothenberg , J. , Brooks , A. C. , Huiping , J. , Sullivan , M. , … Nunes , E. V. (2009). Intermittent marijuana use is associated with improved retention in Naltrexone treatment for opiate-dependence. The American Journal on Addictions , 18, 301–308.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rowan-Szal , G. A. , Chatham , L. R. , & Simpson , D. D. ( 2000 ). Importance of identifying cocaine and alcohol dependent methadone clients. American Journal on Addictions , 9 , 38 – 50 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Senbanjo , R. J. , Wolff , K. , & Marshall , J. ( 2007 ). Excessive alcohol consumption is associated with reduced quality of life among methadone patients. Addiction , 102 , 257 – 263 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shah , N. G. , Celentano , D. D. , Vlahov , D. , & Strathdee , S. A. ( 2006 ). Longitudinal predictors of injection cessation and subsequent relapse among a cohort of injection drug users in Baltimore, MD, 1988–2000. Drug & Alcohol Dependence , 83 , 147 – 156 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Srivastava , A. , Kahan , M. , & Ross , S. ( 2008 ). The effect of methadone maintenance treatment on alcohol consumption: A systematic review. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment , 34 , 215 – 223 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stenbacka , M. , Beck , O. , Leifman , A. , Romelsjo , A. , & Helander , A. ( 2007 ). Problem drinking in relation to treatment outcome among opiate addicts in methadone maintenance treatment. Drug & Alcohol Review , 26 , 55 – 63 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stevens , S. J. , & Morral , A. R. (Eds.). ( 2003 ). Adolescent drug treatment in the United States: Exemplary models from a national evaluation study . Binghamton , NY : Haworth Press .
   Google Scholar
• Subramaniam , G. A. , & Stitzer , M. A. ( 2009 ). Clinical characteristics of treatment-seeking prescription opioid vs. heroin-using adolescents with opioid use disorder. Drug & Alcohol Dependence , 101 , 13 – 19 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Substance Abuse & Mental Health Services Administration . ( 2002 ). SAMHSA grants archives. Retrieved from www.samhsa.gov/Grants/archives.aspx
   Google Scholar
• Substance Abuse & Mental Health Services Administration, Office of Applied Studies . ( 2008a ). Drug Abuse Warning Network, 2006: National estimates of drug-related emergency department visits (DHHS Publication No. 08-4339). Rockville, MD: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Substance Abuse & Mental Health Services Administration, Office of Applied Studies . ( 2008b ). Treatment episode data set (TEDS) 1996–2006. National admissions to substance abuse treatment services (DHHS Publication No. 08-4347). Rockville, MD: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Substance Abuse & Mental Health Services Administration, Office of Applied Studies . ( 2009 ). The TEDS Report: Characteristics of adolescent heroin admissions . Rockville , MD : Author .
   Google Scholar
• Wasserman , D. A. , Weinstein , M. G. , Havassy , B. E. , & Hall , S. M. ( 1998 ). Factors associated with lapses to heroin use during methadone maintenance. Drug & Alcohol Dependence , 52 , 183 – 192 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weizman , T. , Gelkopf , M. , Melamed , Y. , Adelson , M. , & Bleich , A. ( 2004 ). Cannabis abuse is not a risk factor for treatment outcome in methadone maintenance treatment: A 1-year prospective study in an Israeli clinic. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry , 38 , 42 – 46 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williamson , A. , Darke , S. , Ross , J. , & Teesson , M. (2006). The effect of persistence of cocaine use on 12-month outcomes for the treatment of heroin dependence. Drug & Alcohol Dependence , 81, 293–300.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williamson , A. , Darke , S. , Ross , J. , & Teesson , M. ( 2007 ). The effect of baseline cocaine use on treatment outcomes for heroin dependence over 24 months: Findings from the Australian Treatment Outcome Study. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment , 33 , 287 – 293 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woody , G. E. , Poole , S. A. , Subramaniam , G. , Dugosh , K. , Bogenschutz , M. , Abbott , P. , …  Fudala , P. ( 2008 ). Extended vs. short-term Buprenorphine-Naloxone for treatment of opioid-addicted youth: A randomized trial. Journal of the American Medical Association , 300 , 2003 – 2011 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar