1,374
Views
57
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Violent behaviour in forensic psychiatric patients: Risk assessment and different risk-management levels using the HCR-20

, &
Pages 93-111 | Published online: 04 Jan 2008

References

  • Apperson , L. , Mulvey , E. and Lidz , C. 1993 . Short‐term clinical prediction of assaultive behavior: artifactual research methods . American Journal of Psychiatry , 150 : 1374 – 1379 .
  • Bandura , A. 1983 . “ Psychological mechanisms of aggression ” . In Aggression: Theoretical and Experimental Reviews , Edited by: Green , R. G. and Donnerstein , E. I. Vol. 1 , 3 – 40 . New York : Academic Press .
  • Beauford , J. , McNiel , D. and Binder , R. 1997 . Utility of the initial therapeutic alliance in evaluating psychiatric patients' risk of violence . American Journal of Psychiatry , 154 : 1272 – 1276 .
  • Belfrage , H. 1998 . Implementing the HCR‐20 scheme for Risk Assessment in a Forensic Psychiatric Hospital: Integrating Research and Clinical Practice . Journal of Forensic Psychiatry , 9 ( 2 ) : 328 – 338 .
  • Belfrage , H. , Fransson , G. and Strand , S. 1999 . Prediction of violence within the correctional system using the HCR‐20 risk assessment scheme . Journal of Forensic Psychiatry , 10
  • Blackburn , R. 1989 . “ Psychopathy and Personality Disorder in Relation to Violence ” . In Clinical Approaches to Violence , Edited by: Howells , K. and Hollin , C. 61 – 87 . Chichester : Wiley .
  • Blackburn , R. 1993 . The Psychology of Criminal Conduct: Theory, Research and Practice , Chichester : Wiley .
  • Carmel , H. and Hunter , M. 1989 . Staff injuries from inpatient violence . Hospital and Community Psychiatry , 40 : 41 – 46 .
  • Dernevik , M. 1998 . Preliminary Findings on Reliability and Validity of the Historical‐Clinical‐ Risk Assessment in a Forensic Psychiatric Setting . Psychology, Crime and Law , 4 : 127 – 137 .
  • Dernevik , M. , Falkheim , M. , Holmqvist , R. and Sand ell , R. “ Implementing Risk Assessment Procedures in a Forensic Psychiatric Setting ” . In Sex and violence: The Psychology of Crime and Risk , Edited by: Farrington , D. , Hollin , C. and McMurran , M. London : Harwood Academic Press . In press
  • Dolan , M. and Doyle , M. 2000 . Violence risk prediction. Clinical, and actuarial measures and the role of the Psychopathy Checklist . British Journal of Psychiatry , 177 : 303 – 311 .
  • Douglas , K. and Webster , C. 1999 . The HCR‐20 Violence Risk Assessment Scheme. Concurrent Validity in a Sample of Incarcerated Offenders . Criminal Justice and Behavior , 26 : 3 – 19 .
  • Ennis , B. and Litwack , T. 1974 . Psychiatry and the presumption of expertise: Flipping coins in the courtroom . California Law review , 62 : 693 – 752 .
  • Faust , D. and Ziskin , J. 1988 . The Expert Witness in Psychology and Psychiatry . Science , 241 : 31 – 35 .
  • Fuller , J. , Lewis , G. and Hawkins , A. 2000 . IT and risk assessment in forensic settings . Forensic Update, British Psychological Society , 62 : 15 – 19 .
  • Grann , M. , Belfrage , H. and Tengström , A. 2000 . Actuarial assessment of risk for violence: Predictive validity of the VRAG and the historical part of the HCR‐20 . Criminal Justice and Behavior , 27 : 97 – 114 .
  • Hanley , J. A. and McNeil , B. J. 1982 . The meaning and use of the are under a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve . Radiology , 143 : 29 – 36 .
  • Hare , R. 1988 . “ Psychopathy, affect an behavior ” . In Psychopathy: Theory, Research and Implications for Society , Edited by: Cooke , D. J. , Forth , A. E. and Hare , R. Dodrecht, , The Netherlands : Kluwer .
  • Hare , R. 1991 . Manual for the Hare Psychopathy Checklist‐Revised , Toronto, Ontario : Multi‐Health Systems .
  • Hare , R. 1993 . Without Conscience: The Disturbing World of the Psychopaths Among Us , New York : Simon & Schuster .
  • Harris , G. and Rice , M. 1997 . Risk appraisal and management of violent behavior . Psychiatric Sevices , 48 : 1168 – 1176 .
  • Hart , S. , Cox , D. and Hare , R. 1995 . Manual for the Screening Version of the Hare Psychopathy Checklist‐Revised , Toronto, , Canada : Multi‐Health Systems . (PCL‐SV)
  • Hart , S. D. 1998a . “ Psychopathy and the risk for violence ” . In Psychopathy: Theory, Research and Implications for Society , Edited by: Cooke , D. J. , Forth , A. E. and Hare , R. Dodrecht, , The Netherlands : Kluwer .
  • Hart , S. D. 1998b . The role of Psychopathy in assessing risk for violence: Conceptual and methodological issues . Legal and Criminological Psychology , 3 : 121 – 137 .
  • Heilbrun , K. , Golloway , G. , Shourkry , V. and Gustafson , D. 1995 . Physical control of patients on an inpatient setting: forensic populations . Psychiatric Quarterly , 66 : 133 – 145 .
  • Heilbrun , K. 1997 . Prediction versus management models relevant to risk assessment; the importance of legal decision‐making context . Law and Human Behavior , 21 : 347 – 359 .
  • Heilbrun , K. , Hart , S. , Hare , R. , Gustafson , D. , Nunez , C. and White , A. 1998 . Inpatient and post‐discharge aggression in mentally disordered offenders: The role of psychopathy . Journal of Inter‐personal Violence ,
  • Heilbrun , K. , O'Neill , M. , Strohman , L. , Bowman , Q. and Philpson , J. 2000 . Expert approaches to communicating violence risk . Law and Human Behavior , 24 : 137 – 148 .
  • Hillbrand , M. , Krystal , J. , Sharpe , K. and Foster , H. 1994 . Clinical predictors of self‐mutilation in hospitalized forensic patients . Journal of Nervous Mental Disease , 182 : 9 – 13 .
  • Holdsworth , N. , Collins , B. and Allot , R. 1999 . The development and evaluation of a brief risk screening instrument for the psychiatric inpatient setting . Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing , 6 : 43 – 52 .
  • Hoptman , M. , Yates , K. , Patalinjug , M. , Wack , R. and Convit , A. 1999 . Clinical prediction of assaultive behavior among male psychiatric patients at a maximum‐security forensic facility . Psychiatric Services , 50 : 1461 – 1466 .
  • Klassen , D. and O'Connor , W. A. 1994 . “ Demographic and case history variables in risk assessment ” . In Violence and Mental Disorder: Developments in Risk Assessment , Edited by: Monahan , J. and Steadman , H. Chicago : Chicago University Press .
  • Kullgren , G. , Grann , M. and Holmberg , G. 1996 . The Swedish Forensic Concept of Severe Mental Disorder as Related to Personality Disorders . International Journal of Law and Psychiatry , 19 ( 2 ) : 191 – 200 .
  • Lidz , C. , Mulvey , E. and Gardner , W. 1993 . The accuracy of predictions of violence to others . Journal of the American Medical Association , 269 : 1007 – 1111 .
  • Linaker , O. and Busch‐Iversen , H. 1995 . Predictors of imminent violence in psychiatric inpatients . Acta Psychiatrica Scand inavica , 4 : 250 – 254 .
  • MacArthur Research Network on Mental Health and the Law, (2000) http://ness.sys.virginia.edu/macarthur/violence.html (http://ness.sys.virginia.edu/macarthur/violence.html)
  • McNiel , D. and Binder , R. 1991 . Clinical assessment of the risk of violence among psychiatric inpatients . American Journal of Psychiatry , 148 : 1317 – 1321 .
  • McNiel , D. and Binder , R. 1994 . The relationship between acute psychiatric symptoms, diagnosis and short‐term risk of violence . Hospital and Community Psychiatry , 45 : 133 – 137 .
  • McNiel , D. and Binder , R. 1995 . Correlates of accuracy in the assessment of psychiatric inpatients' risk of violence . American Journal of Psychiatry , 152 : 901 – 906 .
  • McNiel , D. , Sandberg , D. and Binder , R. 1998 . The relationship between confidence and accuracy in clinical assessment of psychiatric patients' potential for violence . Law and Human Behavior , 22 : 655 – 669 .
  • Miller , R. , Zadolinnyj , K. and Hafner , R. 1993 . Profiles and predictors of assaultiveness for different psychiatric ward populations . American Journal of Psychiatry , 150 : 1368 – 1373 .
  • Monahan , J. 1984 . The prediction of violent behavior: Towards a second generation of theory and policy . American Journal of Psychiatry , 141 : 10 – 15 .
  • Monahan , J. 1988 . Risk Assessment of Violence among the mentally disordered: Generating useful knowledge . International Journal of Law and Psychiatry , 11 : 249 – 257 .
  • Monahan , J. and Steadman , H. J. 1994 . Violence and Mental Disorder: Developments in Risk Assessment , Chicago : Chicago University Press .
  • Monahan , J. , Steadman , H. , Appelbaum , P. , Robbins , P. , Mulvey , E. , Silver , E. , Roth , L. and Grisso , T. 2000 . Developing a clinically useful actuarial tool for assessing violence risk . British Journal of Psychiatry , 176 : 312 – 319 .
  • Mossman , D. 1994 . Assessing predictions of violence: Being accurate about accuracy . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 62 : 783 – 792 .
  • Müller‐Isberner , R. , Sommer , J. , Özokyay , K. and Freese , R. 1999 . Clinical Use of the HCR‐20 for Predicting Violence in a German Forensic Psychiatric Hospital . Paper presented at the International Conference on Risk Assessment and Risk Management . November 1999 , Vancouver, BC, Canada.
  • Mulvey , E. and Lidz , C. 1998 . Clinical prediction of violence as a conditional judgement . Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology , 33 : 107 – 113 .
  • Nadeau , J. , Nadeau , B. , Smiley , C. and McHattie , L. 1999 . The PCL‐R and VRAG as Predictors of Institutional Behavior . Paper presented at the International Conference on Risk Assessment and Risk Management . 1999 , Vancouver, BC, Canada.
  • Nicholls , T. , Vincent , G. , Whittemore , K. and Ogloff , J. 1999 . Assessing risk of inpatient violence in a sample of forensic psychiatric patients: Comparing the PCL:SV, HCR‐20 and VRAG . Paper presented at the International Conference on Risk Assessment and Risk Management . November 1999 , Vancouver, BC, Canada.
  • Quinsey , V. , Harris , G. , Rice , M. and Cormier , C. 1998 . Violent Offenders: Appraising and Managing Risk , Washington, DC : American Psychological Association .
  • Rice , M. E. and Harris , G. T. 1995 . Violent recidivism: Assessing predictive validity . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 63 : 737 – 748 .
  • Rice , M. 1997 . Violent offender research and implications for the criminal justice system . American Psychologist , 52 : 414 – 423 .
  • Ross , D. J. , Hart , S. D. and Webster , C. D. 1998 . Facts and facets: Testing the HCR‐20 against aggressive behavior in hospital and community , Vancouver, BC, , Canada : Riverview Hospital Impulsivity Project Report. Riverview Hospital .
  • Spissl , H. , Krischker , S. and Cording , C. 1998 . Aggression in the psychiatric hospital. A psychiatric basic documentation based 6‐year study of 17,943 inpatient admissions (Article in German) . Psychiariche Praxis , 25 : 227 – 230 .
  • Strand , S. , Belfrage , H. , Fransson , G. and Levander , S. 1999 . Clinical and Risk Management Factors in Risk Prediction of Mentally Disordered Offenders ‐ More Important than Historical Data? . Legal and Criminological Psychology , 4 : 67 – 76 .
  • Webster , C. and Eaves , D. 1995 . The HCR‐20 Scheme. The Assessment of Dangerousness and Risk , British Columbia : Simon Fraser University .
  • Webster , C. D. , Douglas , K. S. , Eaves , D. and Hart , S. D. 1997 . HCR‐20. Assessing risk for violence. Version 2 , Vancouver, , Canada : Mental Health, Law and Policy Institute .
  • Willemsen , E. W. 1974 . Understand ing Statistical Reasoning , San Fransisco : Freeman Press, 143–147 .
  • Wistedt , B. 1991 . “ Våldsamma patienter ” . In Psykiatri 91 , Edited by: Åsberg , M. and Herlofson , J. Stockholm : Pilgrim Press .
  • Zeiss , R. , Tanke , E. , Fenn , H. and Yesavage , J. 1996 . Dangerousness commitments: indices of future violence potential . Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and Law , 24 : 247 – 253 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.