963
Views
37
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Does change in psychometric test scores tell us anything about risk of reconviction in sexual offenders?

, , &
Pages 85-110 | Received 18 Oct 2010, Accepted 21 Jul 2011, Published online: 08 Sep 2011

References

  • Allan , M. , Grace , R.C. , Rutherford , B. and Hudson , S.M. 2007 . Psychometric assessment of dynamic risk factors for child molesters . Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment , 19 : 347 – 367 .
  • Andrews , D.A. and Bonta , J. 2003 . The psychology of criminal conduct , 3rd ed , Cincinnati , OH : Anderson .
  • Barnett , G. , Wakeling , H.C. and Howard , P. 2010 . An examination of the predictive validity of the Risk Matrix 2000 in England and Wales . Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment , 22 : 443 – 470 .
  • Barnett , G. , Wakeling , H.C. , Mandeville-Norden , R. , & Rakestrow , J. 2011 . How useful are psychometric scores in predicting recidivism of treated sex offenders? International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology. doi: 10.1177/0306624X11403125
  • Beckett , R.C. 1987 . The Children and Sex Questionnaire , Unpublished .
  • Beckett , R.C. , & Fisher , D. 1994 . Assessing victim empathy: A new measure . Paper presented at the 13th Annual Conference of ATSA (the Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers) . San Francisco , USA
  • Beckett , R.C. , Fisher , D. , Mann , R. and Thornton , D. 1997 . “ The Relapse Prevention Questionnaire and Interview ” . In Therapists guide for maintaining change: Relapse prevention manual for adult male perpetrators of child sexual abuse , Edited by: Eldridge , H. Thousand Oaks , CA : Sage .
  • Beech , A.R. 1998 . A psychometric typology of child abusers . International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology , 42 : 319 – 339 .
  • Beech , A.R. , Fisher , D. , & Beckett , R.C. 1998 . STEP 3: An evaluation of the Prison Sex Offender Treatment Programme . UK Home Office Occasional Report.
  • Beech , A.R. and Ford , H. 2006 . The relationship between risk, deviance, treatment outcome and sexual reconviction in a sample of child sexual abusers completing residential treatment for their offending. Psychology . Crime & Law , 12 : 685 – 701 .
  • Beech , A.R. , Friendship , C. , Erikson , M. and Hanson , R.K. 2002 . The relationship between static and dynamic risk factors and reconviction in a sample of UK child abusers . Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment , 14 : 155 – 167 .
  • Beggs , S.M. and Grace , R.C. 2011 . Treatment gains for sexual offenders against children predicts reduced recidivism: A comparative validity study . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 79 : 182 – 192 .
  • Christensen , L. and Mendoza , J.L. 1986 . A method of assessing change in a single subject: An alteration of the RC index . Behavior Therapy , 15 : 305 – 308 .
  • Craig , L.A. , Beech , A.R and Browne , K.D. 2006 . Cross-validation of the Risk Matrix 2000 sexual and violent scales . Journal of Interpersonal Violence , 21 : 612 – 633 .
  • Craig , L.A. , Thornton , D. , Beech , A.R. and Browne , K. 2007 . The relationship of statistical and psychological risk markers to sexual reconviction . Criminal Justice & Behavior , 34 : 314 – 329 .
  • Davis , M.H. 1980 . A multi-dimensional approach to individual differences in empathy . JSAS Catalogue of Selected Documents in Psychology , 10 : 85 – 100 .
  • Douglas , K.S. , Epstein , M.E. and Poythress , N.G. 2008 . Criminal recidivism among juvenile offenders: Testing the incremental and predictive validity of three measures of psychopathic features . Law and Human Behavior , 32 : 423 – 438 .
  • Fisher , D. , Beech , A. and Browne , K. 1999 . Comparison of sex offenders to non-sex offenders on selected psychological measures . International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology , 43 : 473 – 491 .
  • Grubin , D. 2008 . Validation of Risk Matrix 2000 for use in Scotland . Report prepared for the Risk Management Authority.
  • Hanson , R.K. , Bourgon , G. , Helmus , L. and Hodgson , S. 2009 . A meta-analysis of the effectiveness of treatment for sexual offenders: Risk, need and responsivity Public Safety Canada: Research report 2009-2001
  • Hanson , R.K. and Bussière , M.T. 1998 . Predicting relapse: A meta-analysis of sexual offender recidivism studies . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 66 : 348 – 362 .
  • Hanson , R.K. , Gordon , A. , Harris , A.J.R. , Marques , J.K. , Murphy , W. , Quinsey , V.L. and Seto , M.C. 2002 . First report of the Collaborative Outcome Data Project on the effectiveness of psychological treatment for sexual offenders . Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment , 14 : 169 – 194 .
  • Hanson , R.K. , Harris , A.J.R. , Scott , T.L. and Helmus , L. 2007 . Assessing the risk of sexual offenders on community supervision: The Dynamic Supervision Project (Corrections Research User Report 2007-05) , Ottawa , ON : Public Safety Canada .
  • Hanson , R.K. and Morton-Bourgon , K.E. 2005 . The characteristics of persistent sexual offenders: A meta-analysis of recidivism studies . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 73 : 1154 – 1163 .
  • Holden , R.R. , Kroner , D.G. , Fekken , G.C. and Popham , S.M. 1992 . A model of personality test item response dissimulation . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 63 : 272 – 279 .
  • Jacobson , N.S. and Truax , P. 1991 . Clinical significance: A statistical approach to defining meaningful change in psychotherapy research . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 59 : 12 – 19 .
  • Keenan , T. and Ward , T. 2000 . A theory of mind perspective on cognitive, affective and intimacy deficits in child sexual offenders . Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment , 12 : 49 – 60 .
  • Keltner , A.A. , Marshall , P.G. and Marshall , W.L. 1981 . Measurement and correlation of assertiveness and social fear in a prison population . Corrective and Social Psychiatry , 27 : 41 – 47 .
  • Lösel , F. and Schmucker , M. 2005 . The effectiveness of treatment for sexual offenders: A comprehensive meta-analysis . Journal of Experimental Criminology , 1 : 117 – 146 .
  • Mandeville-Norden , R. and Beech , A.R. 2008 . Development of a psychometric typology of child molesters . Journal of Interpersonal Violence , 24 : 307 – 325 .
  • Mandeville-Norden , R. , Beech , A. and Middleton , D. 2006 . The development of the sex offender psychometric scoring system (SOPSSys) in the Probation Service . Journal of Community and Criminal Justice , 53 : 71 – 76 .
  • Mann , R.E. , Hanson , R.K. , & Thornton , D. 2010 . Assessing risk for sexual recidivism: Some proposals on the nature of psychologically meaningful risk factors . Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment , 22 , 191 – 217 .
  • Nowicki , S. 1976 . Adult Nowicki–Strickland Internal–External Locus of Control Scale . Test Manual available from S. Nowicki Jr, Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA .
  • Paulhus , D.L . 1988 . Paulhus Deception Scales (PDS): The Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding-7 , New York : Multi-Health Systems .
  • Pithers , W.D. 1999 . Empathy: Definition, enhancement and relevance to the treatment of sexual abusers . Journal of Interpersonal Violence , 14 : 257 – 284 .
  • Rallings , M. and Webster , S.D. 2001 . The Psychometric Properties of the HMPS SOTP Psychometric Battery , Unpublished .
  • Rehabilitation Services Group 2009 . Community Sex Offender Group-work Programmes: Annual review 08–09 . Unpublished Report.
  • Rice , M.E. and Harris , G.T. 2005 . Comparing effect sizes in follow-up studies: ROC, Cohen's d, and r . Law and Human Behavior , 29 : 615 – 620 .
  • Russell , D. , Peplan , L.A. and Cutrona , C.A. 1980 . The revised UCLA loneliness scale: Concurrent and discriminant validity evidence . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 39 : 472 – 480 .
  • Singer , J.D. and Willett , J.B. 2003 . Applied longitudinal data analysis: Modelling change and event occurrence , Oxford : Oxford University Press .
  • Thornton , D. 2002 . Constructing and testing a framework for dynamic risk assessment . Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment , 14 : 139 – 154 .
  • Thornton , D. 2007 . Scoring guide for the Risk Matrix 2000.9/SVC: February 2007 Version
  • Thornton , D. , Beech , A. and Marshall , W.L. 2004 . Pre-treatment self-esteem and post-treatment sexual recidivism . International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology , 48 : 587 – 599 .
  • Thornton , D. , Mann , R. , Webster , S. , Blud , L. , Travers , R. , Friendship , C. and Erikson , M. 2003 . “ Distinguishing between and combining risks for sexual and violent recidivism ” . In Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 989 Edited by: Prentky , R.A. , Janus , E.S. and Seton , M.C. 223 – 235 .
  • Wakeling , H. , Beech , A. , & Freemantle , N. 2011 . Investigating treatment change and its relationship to recidivism in a sample of 3773 sex offenders in the UK . Manuscript submitted for publication.
  • Ward , T. 2002 . Good lives and the rehabilitation of offenders: Promises and problems . Aggression and Violent Behavior , 7 : 513 – 528 .
  • Ward , T. , Hudson , S.M. and Marshall , W.L. 1995 . Cognitive distortions and affective deficits in sex offenders: A cognitive deconstructionist interpretation . Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment , 7 : 67 – 83 .
  • Webster , S.D. , Mann , R.E. , Carter , A.J. , Long , J. , Milner , R.J. , O'Brien , M.D. , Wakeling , H.C. and Ray , N. 2006 . Inter-rater reliability of dynamic risk assessment with sexual offenders . Psychology, Crime & Law , 12 : 439 – 452 .
  • Webster , S.D. , Mann , R.E. , Thornton , D. and Wakeling , H.C. 2007 . Further validation of the Short Self-esteem Scale with Sexual Offenders . Legal and Criminological Psychology , 12 : 207 – 216 .
  • Wise , E.A. 2004 . Methods for analyzing psychotherapy outcomes: A review of clinical significance, reliable change, and recommendations for future directions . Journal of Personality Assessment , 82 : 50 – 59 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.