Presence bias and the insensitivity to the diagnosticity of nonidentifications

References

• Ask , K. and Granhag , P.A. 2005 . Motivational sources of confirmation bias in criminal investigations: The need for cognitive closure . Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling , 2 : 43 – 63 .
   Google Scholar
• Ask , K. , Rebelius , A. and Granhag , P.A. 2008 . The ‘elasticity’ of evidence: A moderator of investigator bias . Applied Cognitive Psychology , 22 : 1245 – 1259 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Begg , C.B. and Berlin , J.A. 1988 . Publication bias: A problem in interpreting medical data . Journal of the Royal Statistical Society , 151 : 419 – 445 .
   Google Scholar
• Boyce , M.A. , Lindsay , D.S. and Brimacombe , C.A.E. 2008 . Investigating investigators: Examining the impact of eyewitness identification evidence on student-investigators . Law and Human Behavior , 32 : 439 – 453 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carlson , K.A. and Russo , J.E. 2001 . Biased interpretation of evidence by mock jurors . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied , 7 : 91 – 103 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clark , S.E. , Howell , R.T. and Davey , S.L. 2008 . Regularities in eyewitness identification . Law and Human Behavior , 32 : 187 – 218 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clark , S.E. and Wells , G.L. 2008 . On the diagnosticity of multiple-witness identifications . Law and Human Behavior , 32 : 406 – 422 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coursol , A. and Wagner , E.E. 1986 . Effect of positive findings on submission and acceptance rates: A note on meta-analysis bias . Professional Psychology: Research and Practice , 17 : 136 – 137 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cutler , B.L. and Penrod , S.D. 1995 . Mistaken identification: The eyewitness, psychology, and the law , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Eidelman , S. , Crandall , C.S. and Pattershall , J. 2009 . The existence bias . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 97 : 765 – 775 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Findley , K.A. and Scott , M.S. 2006 . The multiple dimensions of tunnel vision in criminal cases . Wisconsin Law Review , 2 : 291 – 397 .
   Google Scholar
• Greenwald , A.G. 1975 . Consequences of prejudice against the null hypothesis . Psychological Bulletin , 82 : 1 – 20 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hovland , C.I. and Weiss , W. 1953 . Transmission of information concerning concepts through positive and negative instances . Journal of Experimental Psychology , 45 : 175 – 182 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jenkins , H.M. and Sainsbury , R.S. 1969 . “ The development of stimulus control through differential reinforcement ” . In Fundamental issues in associative learning , Edited by: Mackintosh , N.J. and Honig , W.K. 123 – 167 . Halifax : Dalhousie University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Jenkins , G. and Schuller , R.A. 2007 . The impact of negative forensic evidence on mock juror's perceptions of a trial of drug-facilitated sexual assault . Law and Human Behavior , 31 : 369 – 380 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kassin , S.M. and Sukel , H. 1997 . Coerced confessions and the jury: An experimental test of the ‘harmless error’ rule . Law and Human Behavior , 21 : 27 – 46 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leippe , M.R. 1985 . The influence of eyewitness nonidentifications on mock-jurors’ judgment of a court case . Journal of Applied Social Psychology , 15 : 656 – 672 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loftus , E.F. 1976 . Unconscious transference in eyewitness identification . Law and Psychology Review , 2 : 93 – 98 .
   Google Scholar
• McAllister , H.A. and Bregman , N.J. 1986 . Juror underutilization of eyewitness nonidentifications: Theoretical and practical implications . Journal of Applied Psychology , 71 : 168 – 170 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newman , J. , Wolff , W.T. and Hearst , E. 1980 . The feature-positive effect in adult human subjects . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory , 6 : 630 – 650 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nickerson , R.S. 1998 . Confirmation bias: A ubiquitous phenomenon in many guises . Review of General Psychology , 2 : 175 – 220 .
   Google Scholar
• Rassin , E. 2011 . Presence bias: Individual differences in the understanding that absence of evidence sometimes really is evidence of absence . Unpublished manuscript .
   Google Scholar
• Rosenthal , R. 1979 . The ‘file drawer problem’ and tolerance for null results . Psychological Bulletin , 86 : 638 – 641 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wason , P.C. 1959 . The processing of positive and negative information . Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology , 11 : 92 – 107 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wells , G.L. and Lindsay , R.C.L. 1980 . On estimating the diagnosticity of eyewitness nonidentifications . Psychological Bulletin , 88 : 776 – 784 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wells , G.L. and Olson , E.A. 2002 . Eyewitness identification: Information gain from incriminating and exonerating behaviours . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied , 8 : 155 – 167 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar