Individual differences in the Enhanced Cognitive Interview: the role of imagery

References

• Bensi, L., Nori, R., Gambetti, E., & Giusberti, F. (2011). The enhanced cognitive interview: A study on the efficacy of shortened variants and single techniques. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 23, 311–321. doi:10.1080/20445911.2011.497485
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brock, P., Fisher, R. P., & Cutler, B. L. (1999). Examining the cognitive interview in a double-test paradigm. Psychology, Crime & Law, 5, 29–45. doi:10.1080/10683169908414992
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, C., & Geiselman, R. E. (1992). Eyewitness testimony of mentally retarded: Effect of cognitive interview. Journal of Police & Criminological Psychology, 6, 14–21. doi:10.1007/BF02806593
   Google Scholar
• Brown, C., Lloyd-Jones, T., & Robinson, M. (2008). Eliciting person descriptions from eyewitnesses: A survey of police perceptions of eyewitness performance and reported use of interview techniques. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 20, 529–560. doi:10.1080/09541440701728474
   Google Scholar
• Campos, L., & Alonso-Quecuty, M. L. (1998). Knowledge of the crime context: Improving the understanding of why the cognitive interview works. Memory, 6, 103–112. doi:10.1080/741941602
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campos, L., & Alonso-Quecuty, M. (1999). The cognitive interview: Much more than simply “try again”. Psychology, Crime & Law, 5, 47–59. doi:10.1080/10683169908414993
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Childers, T. L., Houston, M. J., & Heckler, S. E. (1985). Measurement of individual differences in visual versus verbal information processing. Journal of Consumer Research, 12(2), 125–134. doi:10.1086/208501
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clarke, C., & Milne, R. (2001). National evaluation of the PEACE investigative interviewing course. London: Home Office.
   Google Scholar
• Clifford, B. R., & George, R. (1996). A field evaluation of training in three methods of witness/victim investigative interviewing. Psychology, Crime and Law, 2, 231–248. doi:10.1080/10683169608409780
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coluccia, E., & Louse, G. (2004). Gender differences in spatial orientation: A review. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 24, 329–340. doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2004.08.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dando, C. J., Wilcock, R., & Milne, R. (2008). The cognitive interview: Inexperienced police officers' perceptions of their witness interviewing behaviour. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 13, 59–70. doi:10.1348/135532506X162498
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dando, C. J., Wilcock, R., Milne, R., & Henry, L. (2009). A modified cognitive interview procedure for frontline police investigators. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 23, 698–716. doi:10.1002/acp.1501
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis, M. R., McMahon, M., & Greenwood, K. M. (2004). The role of visual imagery in the enhanced cognitive interview: Guided questioning techniques and individual differences. Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling, 1, 33–51. doi:10.1002/jip.6
   Google Scholar
• Davis, M. R., McMahon, M., & Greenwood, K. M. (2005). The efficacy of mnemonic components of the cognitive interview: Towards a shortened variant for time-critical investigations. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 19, 75–93. doi:10.1002/acp.1048
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dobson, M., & Markham, R. (1993). Imagery ability and source monitoring: Implications for eyewitness memory. British Journal of Psychology, 84(1), 111–118. doi:10.1111/j.2044-8295.1993.tb02466.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Douglas, R. N. (1996). Considering the witness in interviews: Commentary on Memon & Stevenage on witness-memory. Psycoloquy, 7. Retrieved from ftp://ftp.princeton.edu/pub/harnard/Psycoloquy/1996.volume.7/psyc.96.7.21.witness-memory.7.douglas.
   Google Scholar
• Driscoll, I., Derek, A. H., Yeo, R. A., Brooks, W. M., & Sutherland, R. I. (2005). Virtual navigation in humans: The impact of age, sex, and hormones on place learning. Hormones and Behavior, 47, 326–355. doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2004.11.013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eysenck, M. W., Payne, S., & Derakshan, N. (2005). Trait anxiety, visuo-spatial processing and working memory. Cognition and Emotion, 19, 1214–1228. doi:10.1080/02699930500260245
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fisher, R. P., & Geiselman, R. E. (1992). Memory-enhancing techniques for investigative interviewing: The cognitive interview. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas.
   Google Scholar
• Fisher, R. P., Geiselman, R. E., Raymond, D. S., Jurkevich, L. M., & Warhaftig, M. L. (1987). Enhancing enhanced eyewitness memory: Refining the cognitive interview. Journal of Police Science and Administration, 15, 291–297.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geiselman, R. E., Fisher, R. P., Firstenberg, I., Hutton, L. A., Sullivan, S., Avetissian, I., & Prosk, A. (1984). Enhancement of eyewitness memory: An empirical evaluation of the cognitive interview. Journal of Police Science and Administration, 12, 74–80.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ginet, M., & Verkampt, F. (2007). The cognitive interview: Is its benefit affected by the level of witness emotion? Memory, 15, 450–464. doi:10.1080/09658210601092670
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Granhag, P. A., & Spjut, E. (2001). Children's recall of the unfortunate fakir: A further test of the enhanced cognitive interview. In R. Roesch, R. R. Corrado, & R. Dempster (Eds.), Psychology in the courts (pp. 209–222). London: Routeledge.
   Google Scholar
• Green, K. E., & Schroeder, D. H. (1990). Psychometric quality of the verbalizer-visualizer questionnaire as a measure of cognitive style. Psychological Reports, 66, 939–945. doi:10.2466/pr0.1990.66.3.939
   Google Scholar
• Hertzog, C., & Dunlosky, J. (2006). Using visual imagery as a mnemonic for verbal associative learning: Developmental and individual differences. In T. Vecchi & G. Bottini (Eds.). Imagery and spatial cognition: Methods, models and cognitive assessment (pp. 259–282). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
   Google Scholar
• Humphreys, M. S., Bain, J. D., & Pike, R. (1989). Different ways to cue a coherent memory system: A theory for episodic, semantic and procedural tasks. Psychological Review, 96, 208–233. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.96.2.208
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iaria, G., Palermo, L., Committeri, G., & Barton, J. J. S. (2009). Age differences in the formation and use of cognitive maps. Behavioural Brain Research, 196, 187–191. doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2008.08.040
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kebbell, M. R., Milne, R., & Wagstaff, G. F. (1999). The cognitive interview: A survey of its forensic effectiveness. Psychology, Crime & Law, 5, 101–115. doi:10.1080/10683169908414996
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Köhnken, G., Milne, R., Memon, A., & Bull, R. (1999). The cognitive interview: A meta-analysis. Psychology, Crime & Law, 5(1–2), 3–27. doi:10.1080/10683169908414991
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Larsson, A. S., Granhag, P. A., & Spjut, E. (2003). Children's recall and the cognitive interview: Do the positive effects hold over time? Applied Cognitive Psychology, 17, 203–214. doi:10.1002/acp.863
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levine, M., (1982). You-are-here maps: Psychological considerations. Environment and Behaviour, 14, 221–237. doi:10.1177/0013916584142006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marks, D. F. (1973). Visual imagery differences in the recall of pictures. British Journal of Psychology, 64(1), 17–24. doi:10.1111/j.2044-8295.1973.tb01322.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marschark, M., & Hunt, R. R. (1989). A reexamination of the role of imagery in learning and memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 15, 710–720. doi:10.1037/0278-7393.15.4.710
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayer, R. E., & Massa, L. J. (2003). Three facets of visual and verbal learners: Cognitive ability, cognitive style, and learning preference. Journal of Educational Psychology, 95, 833–841. doi:10.1037/0022-0663.95.4.833
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McMahon, M. (2000). The effect of the enhanced cognitive interview on recall and confidence in elderly adults. Psychiatry, Psychology, & Law, 7, 9–32. doi:10.1080/13218710009524968
   Google Scholar
• McNamara, T. P. (2003). How are the locations of objects in the environment represented in memory? In C. Freksa, W. Braver, C. Habel, & K. Wender (Eds.), Spatial cognition III: Routes and navigation, human memory and learning, spatial representation and spatial reasoning (pp. 174–191). Berlin: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Mello, E. W., & Fisher, R. P. (1996). Enhancing older adult eyewitness memory with the cognitive interview. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 10, 403–417. doi:10.1002/%28SICI%291099-0720%28199610%2910:5%3C403::AID-ACP395%3E3.0.CO;2-X
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Memon, A. (2006). The cognitive interview. In O. Hargie (Ed.), The handbook of communication skills (3rd ed., pp. 531–550). New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Memon, A., & Higham, P. (1999). A review of the cognitive interview. Psychology, Crime & Law, 5, 177–196. doi:10.1080/10683169908415000
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Memon, A., Meissner, C. A., & Fraser, J. (2010). The cognitive interview: A meta-analytic review and study space analysis of the past 25 years. Psychology, Public Policy, & Law, 16, 340–372. doi:10.1037/a0020518
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Memon, A., Cronin, O., Eaves, R., & Bull, R. (1996a). An empirical test of the mnemonic components of the cognitive interview. In G. Davies, S. Lloyd-Bostock, M. McMurran, and C. Wilson (Eds.), Psychology, law and criminal justice: International developments in research and practice (pp. 135–145). Oxford: Walter de Gruyter.
   Google Scholar
• Memon, A., & Stevenage, S. V. (1996b). A clarification of the importance of comparison groups and accuracy rates with the CI. Psycoloquy, 7(41), witness memory.14.memon.
   Google Scholar
• Memon, A., & Stevenage, S. V. (1996c). Interviewing witnesses: What works and what doesn't? Psycoloquy, 7(6), witness memory.1.memon.
   Google Scholar
• Milne, R., & Bull, R. (1999). Investigative interviewing: Psychology and practice. Chichester: Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Milne, R., & Bull, R. (2003). Does the cognitive interview help children to resist the effects of suggestive questioning? Legal & Criminological Psychology, 8, 21–38. doi:10.1348/135532503762871219
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milne, R., Clare, I. C. H., & Bull, R. (1999). Using the cognitive interview with adults with mild learning disabilities. Psychology, Crime & Law, 5, 81–99. doi:10.1080/10683169908414995
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moffat, S. D., Elkins, W., & Resnick, S. M. (2006). Age differences in the neural systems supporting human allocentric spatial navigation. Neurobiology of Aging, 27, 965–972. doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2005.05.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mou, W., & McNamara, T. P. (2002). Intrinsic frames of reference in spatial memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 28, 162–170. doi:10.1037/0278-7393.28.1.162
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nori, R., Grandicelli, S., & Giusberti, F. (2006). Alignment effect: Primary-secondary learning and cognitive styles. Perception, 35, 1233–249. doi:10.1068/p5351
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paivio, A. (1971). Imagery and verbal processes. New York, NY: Holt.
   Google Scholar
• Paivio, A. (1986). Mental Representations: A dual coding approach. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Presson, C. C., DeLange, N., & Hazelrigg, M. D. (1989). Orientation specificity in spatial memory: What makes a path different from a map of the path? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 15, 887–897. doi:10.1037/0278-7393.15.5.887
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richardson, A. (1977). Verbalizer-visualizer: A cognitive style dimension. Journal of Mental Imagery, 1, 109–125.
   Google Scholar
• Richardson, J. T. E. (1994). A British evaluation of the course experience questionnaire. Studies in Higher Education, 19(1), 59–68. doi:10.1080/03075079412331382143
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richardson, J. T. E. (1999). Imagery. Hove: Psychology Press.
   Google Scholar
• Roskos-Ewoldsen, B., McNamara, T. P., Shelton, A. L., & Carr, W. (1998). Mental representations of large and small spatial layouts are orientation dependent. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 24, 215–226. doi:10.1037/0278-7393.24.1.215
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shelton, A. L., & McNamara, T. P. (2001). Systems of spatial reference in human memory. Cognitive Psychology, 43, 274–310. doi:10.1006/cogp.2001.0758
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spoltore, J. D., & Smock, D. J. (1983). The verbalizer-visualizer questionnaire: Additional normative data. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 56, 382. doi:10.2466/pms.1983.56.2.382
   Google Scholar
• Stevenage, S. V., & Memon, A. (1997). On the importance of imagery in the cognitive interview: Reply to Roberts on witness-memory. Psycoloquy, 8, 16. Retrieved from ftp://ftp.princeton.edu/pub/harnard/Psycoloquy/1996.volume.8/psyc.97.8.03.witness-memory.16.stevenage
   Google Scholar
• Stevens, M. J., Rapp, B. J., Pfost, K. S., & Johnson, J. J. (1986). Further evidence of the stability of the verbalizer-visualizer questionnaire. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 62, 301–302. doi:10.2466/pms.1986.62.1.301
   Google Scholar
• Tulving, E., & Thomson, D. M. (1973). Encoding specificity and retrieval processes in episodic memory. Psychological Review, 80, 352–373. doi:10.1037/h0020071
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warren, R., & Good, G. (1979). The verbalizer-visualizer questionnaire: Further normative data. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 48, 372. doi:10.2466/pms.1979.48.2.372
   Google Scholar
• Zeelenberg, R. (2005). Encoding specificity manipulations do affect retrieval from memory. Acta Psychologica, 119, 107–121. doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2004.12.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar