Romaphobia and the media: mechanisms of power and the politics of representations

References

• Amnesty International Report. 2014. We Ask for Justice”: Europe’s Failure to Protect Roma from Racist Violence. London: Amnesty International. https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/EUR01/007/2014/en/. Accessed 19 February 2017.
   Google Scholar
• Bernáth, G., and V. Messing 2013. “Pushed to the Edge. Research Report on the Representation of Roma Communities in the Hungarian Majority Media, 2011”. Budapest: CPS Working Paper Series 2013/1. Accessed 19 February 2017. https://cps.ceu.edu/publications/working-papers/pushed-to-the-edge
   Google Scholar
• Csepeli, G., and D. Simon. 2004. “Construction of Roma Identity in Eastern and Central Europe: Perception and Self-Identification.” The Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 30 (1): 129–150. doi:10.1080/1369183032000170204.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farrall, S., J. Jackson, and E. Gray. 2009. Social Order and the Fear of Crime in Contemporary Times. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Feischmidt, M., K. Szombati, and P. Szuhay. 2013. “Collective Criminalization of Roma in Central and Eastern Europe: Social Causes, Circumstances and Consequences.” In The Routledge Handbook of European Criminology, Edited by S. Body-Gendrot, M. Hough, K. Kerezsi, R. Lévy, and S. Snacken, 168–187. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• FRA. 2009. EU-MIDIS. European Union Minorities and Discrimination Survey. Main Results Report. Vienna: European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights.
   Google Scholar
• Hall, S. 1997. “The Work of Representation.” In Representation, eds. S. Hall, J. Evans, and S. Nixon, 2nd. 2013 London: Sage. 1–59.
   Google Scholar
• Janky, B., B. Bakó, P. Szilágyi, and A. Bognár. 2014. “Stigmatising the Poor without Negative Images: Images of Extreme Poverty and the Formation of Welfare Attitudes.” Sociological Research Online 19 (3): 1–10. doi:10.5153/sro.3447.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kertesi, G., and G. Kézdi 2006. Expected Long-Term Budgetary Benefits to Roma Education in Hungary. Working paper no. 1. Budapest: Roma Education Fund. Accessed 01 April 2016: http://www.romaeducationfund.hu/sites/default/files/publications/kertesi-kezdi-budgetarybenefits.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Kroon, A. C., A. Kluknavská, R. Vliegenthart, and H. G. Boomgaarden. 2016. “Victims or Perpetrators? Explaining Media Framing of Roma across Europe.” European Journal of Communication 31 (4): 375–392. doi:10.1177/0267323116647235.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ladányi, J., and I. Szelényi. 2006. Patterns of Exclusion: Constructing Gypsy Ethnicity and the Making of an Underclass in Transitional Societies of Europe. New York: Columbia University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Matras, Y. 2013. “Scholarship and the Politics of Romani Identity: Strategic and Conceptual Issues.” European Yearbook of Minority Issues 10 (1): 211–248. doi:10.1163/22116117-01001010.
   Google Scholar
• McGarry, A., and H. Drake. 2013. “The Politicization of Roma as an Ethnic Other: Security Discourse in France and the Politics of Belonging.” In The Politics and Discourses of Migration in Europe, edited by U. Korkut, G. Bucken-Knapp, A. McGarry, J. Hinnfors, and H. Drake, 73–91. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Meer, N., and T. Modood. 2012. “For “Jewish” Read “Muslim”? Islamophobia as a Form of Racialization of Ethno-Religious Groups in Britain Today.” Islamophobia Studies Journal 1 (1): 34–53. Accessed 01 April 2016. http://crg.berkeley.edu/sites/default/files/ISJ%20FALL2012%20Vol1%20No1%20CRG%20Copy.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Messing, V. 2017. “Differentiation In The Making: Consequences Of School Segregation Of Roma In The Czech Republic, Hungary, And Slovakia.” European Education 49 (1): 89-103. doi: 10.1080/10564934.2017.1280336.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Nions, H. 2010. “Different and Unequal: The Educational Segregation of Roma Pupils in Europe.” Intercultural Education 21 (10): 1–13. doi:10.1080/14675980903491833.
   Google Scholar
• O’Nions, H. 2015. “How Citizenship Laws Leave the Roma in Europe’s Hinterland.” In The Human Right to Citizenship: A Slippery Concept, edited by R. E. Howard-Hassmann, and M. Walton-Roberts, 145–158. Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania Press.
   Google Scholar
• Okely, J. 2014. “Recycled (Mis)Representations: Gypsies, Travellers or Roma Treated as Objects, Rarely Subjects.” People, Place and Policy 8 (1): 65–85. doi:10.3351/ppp.0008.0001.0006.
   Google Scholar
• Richardson, J. 2006. The Gypsy Debate: Can Discourse Control? Exeter: Imprint Academic.
   Google Scholar
• Richardson, J. 2014. “Roma in the News: An Examination of Media and Political Discourse and What Needs to Change.” People, Place and Policy 8 (1): 51–64. doi:10.3351/ppp.0008.0001.0005.
   Google Scholar
• Richardson, J., and M. Smith-Bendell. 2012. “Accommodation Needs and Planning Issues.” In Gypsies and Travellers: Empowerment and Inclusion in British Society, edited by J. Richardson, and A. Ryder, 21–42. Bristol: Policy Press.
   Google Scholar
• Sigona, N. 2011. “Anti-Gypsyism and the Politics of Exclusion: Roma and Sinti in Contemporary Italy. The Governance of Romani People in Italy: Discourse, Policy and Practice.” Journal of Modern Italian Studies 16 (5): 509–606. doi:10.1080/1354571X.2011.622468.
   Google Scholar
• Sigona, N. 2015. “Campzenship: Reimagining the Camp as a Social and Political Space.” Citizenship Studies 19 (1): 1–15. doi:10.1080/1354571X.2011.622468.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stewart, M. 2013. “Roma and Gypsy “Ethnicity” as a Subject of Anthropological Inquiry.” Annual Review of Anthropology 42: 415–432. doi:10.1146/annurev-anthro-092010-153348.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Surdu, M. 2016. Expert Frames. Scientific and Policy Practices of Roma Classification. Budapest: CEU Press.
   Google Scholar
• Szalai, J., and C. Schiff. 2014. Migrant, Roma and Post-Colonial Youth in Education across Europe: Being ‘Visibly Different’. London: Palgrave MacMillan.
   Google Scholar
• Tardos, K., 2015. “Halmozódó Diszkrimináció. Kirekesztés És Integráció a Munkaerőpiacon.” [“Multiple discrimination. Exclusion and integration on the labour market”] Szeged: Belvedere Meridionale.
   Google Scholar
• Tremlett, A. 2009. “Bringing Hybridity to Heterogeneity in Romani Studies.” Romani Studies 19 (2): 147–168. doi:10.3828/rs.2009.8.
   Google Scholar
• The Runnymede Trust Report. 1997. “Unfounded Hostility Towards Muslims, and therefore Fear and Dislike of All or Most Muslims.” Accessed 1 April 2016. http://crg.berkeley.edu/content/islamophobia/defining-islamophobia.
   Google Scholar
• van Baar, H. 2011. “Europe’s Romaphobia: Problematization, Securitization, Nomadization.” Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 29 (2): 203–212. doi:10.1068/d2902ed1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Baar, H. 2014. “The Emergence of a Reasonable Anti-Gypsyism in Europe.” In When Stereotype Meets Prejudice, Edited by T. Agarin, 27–44. Stuttgart: Ibidem Verlag.
   Google Scholar
• Vidra, Z., and J. Fox. 2014. “Mainstreaming of Racist Anti-Roma Discourses in the Media in Hungary.” Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies 12 (4): 437–455. doi:10.1080/15562948.2014.914265.
   Google Scholar