Classical Latent Profile Analysis of Academic Self-Concept Dimensions: Synergy of Person- and Variable-Centered Approaches to Theoretical Models of Self-Concept

REFERENCES

• Allport , G. W. 1937 . Personality: A psychological interpretation , New York : Holt .
   Google Scholar
• Anderson , J. C. and Gerbing , D. W. 1988 . Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach . Psychological Bulletin , 103 : 411 – 423 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bartholomew , D. J. 1987 . Latent variable models and factor analysis , London : Griffin .
   Google Scholar
• Bauer , D. J. 2007 . Observations on the use of growth mixture models in psychological research . Multivariate Behavioral Research , 42 : 557 – 786 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bauer , D. J. and Curran , P. J. 2003 . Distributional assumptions of growth mixture models: Implications for over-extraction of latent trajectory classes . Psychological Methods , 8 : 338 – 363 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bauer , D. J. and Curran , P. J. 2004 . The integration of continuous and discrete latent variable models: Potential problems and promising opportunities . Psychological Methods , 9 : 3 – 29 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baumert , J. , Bos , W. and Lehmann , R. , eds. 2000 . TIMSS/III: Dritte Internationale Mathematik- und Naturwissenschaftsstudie—Mathematische und naturwissenschaftliche Bildung am Ende der Schullaufbahn , Opladen, Germany : Leske & Budrich . [TIMSS/III: Third international mathematics and science study—Students' knowledge of mathematics and science at the end of secondary education]
   Google Scholar
• Bentler , P. M. 1990 . Comparative fit indices in structural models . Psychological Bulletin , 107 : 238 – 246 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boyle , G. J. 1994 . Self-Description Questionnaire II . Test CORRiques , 10 : 632 – 643 .
   Google Scholar
• Byrne , B. M. 1996 . Measuring self-concept across the life span: Issues and instrumentation , Washington , DC : American Psychological Association .
   Google Scholar
• Collins , L. M. , Fidler , P. L. , Wugalter , S. E. and Long , J. D. 1993 . Goodness-of-fit testing for latent class models . Multivariate Behavioral Research , 28 : 375 – 389 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Educational Testing Service . 1997 . TOEFL 1997 edition: Test & score manual , Princeton , NJ : Author .
   Google Scholar
• Gibson , W. A. 1959 . Three multivariate models: Factor analysis, latent structure analysis, and latent profile analysis . Psychometrika , 24 : 229 – 252 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hattie , J. 1992 . Self-concept , Hillsdale , NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc .
   Google Scholar
• Henson , J. M. , Reise , S. P. and Kim , K. H. 2007 . Detecting mixtures from structural model differences using latent variable mixture modeling: A comparison of relative model fit statistics . Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal , 14 : 202 – 226 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hipp , J. R. and Bauer , D. J. 2006 . Local solutions in the estimation of growth mixture models . Psychological Methods , 11 : 36 – 53 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howell , R. D. , Breivik , E. and Wilcox , J. B. 2007 . Reconsidering formative measurement . Psychological Methods , 12 : 205 – 218 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Köller , O. , Daniels , Z. , Schnabel , K. U. and Baumert , J. 2000 . Kurswahlen von Maedchen und Jungen im Fach Mathematik: Zur Rolle von fachspezifischem Selbstkonzept und Interesse [Course selections of girls and boys in mathematics: The role of academic self-concept and interest] . Zeitschrift für Pädagogische Psychologie , 14 : 26 – 37 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Köller , O. , Watermann , R. , Trautwein , U. and Lüdtke , O. 2004 . Wege zur Hochschulreife in Baden-Württemberg. TOSCA—Eine Untersuchung an allgemein bildenden und beruflichen Gymnasien [Educational pathways to college in Baden-Württemberg. TOSCA—A study of traditional and vocational Gymnasium schools] , Opladen, Germany : Leske & Budrich .
   Google Scholar
• Lazarfeld , P. F. and Henry , N. W. 1968 . Latent structure analysis , Boston : Houghton Mifflin .
   Google Scholar
• Lo , Y. , Mendell , N. and Rubin , D. 2001 . Testing the number of components in a normal mixture . Biometrika , 88 : 767 – 778 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loken , E. and Molenaar , P. 2008 . “ Categories of continua? The correspondence between mixture models and factor models ” . In Advances in latent variable mixture models , Edited by: Hancock , G. R. and Samuelsen , K. M. 277 – 297 . Charlotte , NC : Information Age .
   Google Scholar
• Lubke , G. H. and Muthén , B. 2005 . Investigating population heterogeneity with factor mixture models . Psychological Methods , 10 : 21 – 39 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lubke , G. H. and Muthén , B. 2007 . Performance of factor mixture models as a function of model size, criterion measure effects, and class-specific parameters . Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal , 14 : 26 – 47 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lubke , G. and Neale , M. 2006 . Distinguishing between latent classes and continuous factors: Resolution by maximum likelihood? . Multivariate Behavioral Research , 41 ( 4 ) : 499 – 532 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lubke , G. H. and Spies , J. R. 2008 . “ Choosing a “correct” factor mixture model: Power, limitations, and graphical data exploration ” . In Advances in latent variable mixture models , Edited by: Hancock , G. R. and Samuelson , K. M. 343 – 362 . Charlotte , NC : Information Age .
   Google Scholar
• MacCallum , R. C. , Zhang , S. , Preacher , K. J. and Rucker , D. D. 2002 . On the practice of dichotomization of quantitative variables . Psychological Methods , 7 : 19 – 40 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magidson , J. and Vermunt , J. 2004 . “ Latent class models ” . In Handbook of quantitative methodology for the social sciences , Edited by: Kaplan , D. 175 – 198 . Newbury Park , CA : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Magnusson , D. 1990 . “ Personality development from an interactional perspective ” . In Handbook of personality: Theory and research , Edited by: Pervin , L. 193 – 222 . New York : Guilford .
   Google Scholar
• Magnusson , D. and Stattin , H. 1998 . “ Person-context interaction theories ” . In Handbook of child psychology: Vol. 1. Theoretical models of human development , Edited by: Damon , W. and Lerner , R. M. 685 – 759 . New York : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Marsh , H. W. 1986 . Verbal and math self-concepts: An internal/external frame of reference model . American Educational Research Journal , 23 : 129 – 149 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marsh , H. W. 1989a . Age and sex effects in multiple dimensions of self-concept: Preadolescence to early-adulthood . Journal of Educational Psychology , 81 : 417 – 430 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marsh , H. W. 1989b . Sex differences in the development of verbal and math constructs: The High School and Beyond study . American Educational Research Journal , 26 : 191 – 225 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marsh , H. W. 1990 . A multidimensional, hierarchical self-concept: Theoretical and empirical justification . Educational Psychology Review , 2 : 77 – 172 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marsh , H. W. 1992a . The content specificity of relations between academic achievement and academic self-concept . Journal of Educational Psychology , 84 : 35 – 42 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marsh , H. W. 1992b . Self-Description Questionnaire III: Manual , Sydney, Australia : University of Western Sydney, SELF Research Centre .
   Google Scholar
• Marsh , H. W. 1993 . “ Academic self-concept: Theory measurement and research ” . In Psychological perspectives on the self , Edited by: Suls , J. Vol. 4 , 59 – 98 . Hillsdale , NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc .
   Google Scholar
• Marsh , H. W. 2007a . “ Application of confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling in sport/exercise psychology ” . In Handbook of sport psychology, , 3rd ed. , Edited by: Tenenbaum , G. and Eklund , R. C. 774 – 798 . New York : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Marsh , H. W. 2007b . Self-concept theory, measurement and research into practice: The role of self-concept in educational psychology , Leicester , UK : British Psychological Society .
   Google Scholar
• Marsh , H. W. , Balla , J. R. and McDonald , R. P. 1988 . Goodness-of-fit indexes in confirmatory factor analysis: The effect of sample size . Psychological Bulletin , 103 : 391 – 410 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marsh , H. W. , Byrne , B. M. and Shavelson , R. 1988 . A multifaceted academic self-concept: Its hierarchical structure and its relation to academic achievement . Journal of Educational Psychology , 80 : 366 – 380 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marsh , H. W. , Byrne , B. M. and Yeung , A. S. 1999 . Causal ordering of academic self-concept and achievement: Reanalysis of a pioneering study and revised recommendations . Educational Psychologist , 34 : 155 – 167 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marsh , H. W. and Craven , R. G. 1997 . “ Academic self-concept: Beyond the dustbowl ” . In Handbook of classroom assessment: Learning, achievement and adjustment , Edited by: Phye , G. 131 – 198 . Orlando , FL : Academic .
   Google Scholar
• Marsh , H. W. and Craven , R. G. 2006 . Reciprocal effects of self-concept and performance from a multidimensional perspective: Beyond seductive pleasure and unidimensional perspectives . Perspectives on Psychological Science , 1 : 133 – 163 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marsh , H. W. and Hattie , J. 1996 . “ Theoretical perspectives on the structure of self-concept ” . In Handbook of self-concept: Developmental, social and clinical considerations , Edited by: Bracken , B. A. 38 – 90 . New York : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Marsh , H. W. and Hau , K. T. 2004 . Explaining paradoxical relations between academic self-concepts and achievements: Cross-cultural generalizability of the internal-external frame of reference predictions across 26 countries . Journal of Educational Psychology , 96 : 56 – 67 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marsh , H. W. and Hau , K. T. 2007 . Applications of latent-variable models in educational psychology: The need for methodological-substantive synergies . Contemporary Educational Psychology , 32 : 151 – 171 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marsh , H. W. , Hau , K. T. and Grayson , D. 2005 . “ Goodness of fit evaluation in structural equation modeling ” . In Contemporary psychometrics. A festschrift for Roderick P. McDonald , Edited by: Maydeu-Olivares , A. and McArdle , J. 275 – 340 . Mahwah , NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc .
   Google Scholar
• Marsh , H. W. , Hau , K. T. and Wen , Z. 2004 . In search of golden rules: Comment on hypothesis testing approaches to setting cutoff values for fit indexes and dangers in overgeneralising Hu & Bentler's (1999) findings . Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal , 11 : 320 – 341 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marsh , H. W. and O'Neill , R. 1984 . Self Description Questionnaire III: The construct validity of multidimensional self-concept ratings by late adolescents . Journal of Educational Measurement , 21 : 153 – 174 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marsh , H. W. and Shavelson , R. 1985 . Self-concept: Its multifaceted, hierarchical structure . Educational Psychologist , 20 : 107 – 125 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marsh , H. W. , Trautwein , U. , Lüdtke , O. , Köller , O. and Baumert , J. 2006 . Integration of multidimensional self-concept and core personality constructs: Construct validation and relations to well-being and achievement . Journal of Personality , 74 : 403 – 455 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marsh , H. W. and Yeung , A. S. 1998 . Longitudinal structural equation models of academic self-concept and achievement: Gender differences in the development of math and English constructs . American Educational Research Journal , 35 : 705 – 738 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marsh , H. W. and Yeung , A. S. 2001 . An extension of the internal/external frame of reference model: A response to Bong 1998 . Multivariate Behavioral Research , 36 : 389 – 420 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maughan , B. 2005 . Developmental trajectory modeling: A view from developmental psychopathology . Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science , 602 : 118 – 130 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLachlan , G. and Peel , D. 2000 . Finite mixture models , New York : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Meehl , P. E. 1995 . Bootstraps taxometrics: Solving the classification problem in psychopathology . American Psychologist , 50 : 266 – 275 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muthén , B. O. 2001 . “ Latent variable mixture modeling ” . In New developments and techniques in structural equation modeling , Edited by: Marcoulides , G. and Schumacker , R. 1 – 33 . Mahwah , NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc .
   Google Scholar
• Muthén , B. O. 2004 . “ Latent variable analysis: Growth mixture modeling and related techniques for longitudinal data ” . In Handbook of quantitative methodology for the social sciences , Edited by: Kaplan , D. 345 – 368 . Newbury Park , CA : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Muthén , B. O. 2006 . Should substance use disorders be considered as categorical or dimensional? . Addiction , 101 ( Suppl. 1 ) : 6 – 16 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muthén , B. O. and Asparouhov , I. 2008 . “ Growth mixture modeling: Analysis with non-Gaussian random effects ” . In Longitudinal data analysis , Edited by: Fitzmaurice , G. , Davidian , M. , Verbeke , G. and Molenberghs , G. 143 – 165 . Boca Raton , FL : Chapman & Hall/CRC Press .
   Google Scholar
• Muthén , B. O. and Muthén , L. K. 2000 . Integrating person-centered and variable-centered analyses: Growth mixture modeling with latent trajectory classes . Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research , 24 : 882 – 891 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muthén , L. and Muthén , B. O. 2008 . Mplus user's guide , Los Angeles : Muthén & Muthén .
   Google Scholar
• Myers , I. B. and McCaulley , M. H. 1985 . Manual: A guide to the development and use of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator , Palo Alto , CA : Consulting Psychologists Press .
   Google Scholar
• Nagin , D. S. 2005 . Group-based modeling of development , Cambridge , MA : Harvard University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Nylund , K. L. , Asparouhov , A. and Muthén , B. 2007 . Deciding on the number of classes in latent class analysis and growth mixture modeling: A Monte Carlo simulation study . Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal , 14 : 535 – 569 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pastor , D. A. , Barron , K. E. , Miller , B. J. and Davis , S. L. 2007 . A latent profile analysis of college students' achievement goal orientation . Contemporary Educational Psychology , 32 : 8 – 47 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robins , R. W. , John , O. P. , Caspi , A. , Moffitt , T. E. and Stouthamer-Loeber , M. 1996 . Resilient, overcontrolled, and undercontrolled boys: Three replicable personality types . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 70 : 157 – 171 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwanzer , A. D. , Trautwein , U. , Lüdtke , O. and Sydow , H. 2005 . Entwicklung eines Instruments zur Erfassung des Selbstkonzepts junger Erwachsener [Development of a questionnaire to measure young adults' self-concept] . Diagnostica , 51 : 183 – 194 .
   Google Scholar
• Shavelson , R. J. , Hubner , J. J. and Stanton , G. C. 1976 . Validation of construct interpretations . Review of Educational Research , 46 : 407 – 441 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SPSS . 2006 . SPSS for Windows, Version 14 , Chicago : Author .
   Google Scholar
• Tabachnick , B. G. and Fidell , L. S. 2001 . Using multivariate statistics, , 4th ed. , New York : HarperCollins .
   Google Scholar
• Tofighi , D. and Enders , C. K. 2007 . “ Identifying the correct number of classes in a growth mixture models ” . In Advances in latent variable mixture models , Edited by: Hancock , G. R. and Samuelson , K. M. 317 – 341 . Greenwich , CT : Information Age .
   Google Scholar
• Uebersax , J. S. 1999 . Probit latent class analysis with dichotomous or ordered category measures: Conditional independence/dependence models . Applied Psychological Measurement , 23 : 283 – 297 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vermunt , J. K. and Magidson , J . 2002 . “ Latent class cluster analysis ” . In Applied latent class analysis , Edited by: Hagenaars , J. A. and McCutcheon , A. 89 – 106 . Cambridge , UK : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Wylie , R. C. 1989 . Measures of self-concept , Lincoln , NE : University of Nebraska Press .
   Google Scholar
• Yang , C. 2006 . Evaluating latent class analyses in qualitative phenotype identification . Computational Statistics & Data Analysis , 50 : 1090 – 1104 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar