66
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Crying Wolf: Scientific False Alarms and Defensive Journalism in Coverage of “Doomsday Asteroids”

Pages 269-295 | Published online: 21 Dec 2006

REFERENCES

  • Adam , B. 1998 . Timescapes of Modernity: The Environment and Invisible Hazards , London : Routledge .
  • Adam , B. , Beck , U. and van Loon , J. , eds. 2000 . The Risk Society and Beyond: Critical Issues for Social Theory , London : Sage .
  • Adam , B. 2000 . “ The media timescapes of BSE News ” . In Environmental Risks and the Media , Edited by: Allan , S. , Adam , B. and Carter , C. 117 – 129 . London & New York : Routledge .
  • Allan , S. , Adam , B. and Carter , C. , eds. 2000 . Environmental Risks and the Media , London & New York : Routledge .
  • Anderson , A. 1991 . Source strategies and the communication of environmental affairs . Media, Culture and Society , 13 : 59 – 76 .
  • Anderson , A. 1993 . “ Source-media relations: The production of the environmental agenda ” . In The Mass Media and Environmental Issues , 51 – 68 . Leicester and New York : Leicester University Press .
  • Beck , U. 1992a . Risk Society: Towards a New Modernity , London : Sage .
  • Beck , U. 1992b . From industrial society to risk society: Questions of survival, social structure and ecological enlightenment . Theory, Culture and Society , 9 : 97 – 123 . [CSA]
  • Beck , U. 1995 . Ecological Enlightenment: Essays on the Politics of the Risk Society , Atlantic Highlands, NJ : Humanities Press International Inc . Translated by Mark Ritter
  • Beck , U. 1996 . “ Risk society and the provident state ” . In Risk, Environment and Modernity: Towards a New Ecology , Edited by: Szerszynski , B. , Lash , S. and Wynne , B. 27 – 43 . London : Sage .
  • Beck , U. 1998 . “ Politics of risk society ” . In The Politics of Risk Society , Edited by: Franklin , J. Cambridge : Polity .
  • Beck , U. 2000 . “ Risk society revisited: Theory, politics and research programmes ” . In The Risk Society and Beyond: Critical Issues for Social Theory , Edited by: Adam , B. , Beck , U and van Loon , J. 211 – 228 . London : Sage .
  • Borman , S.C. 1978 . Communication accuracy in magazine science reporting . Journalism Quarterly , 55 : 345 – 346 . [CSA]
  • Chafe , W. and Nichols , J. 1986 . Evidentiality: The Linguistic Coding of Epistemology , Norwood, NJ : Ablex .
  • Coates , J. 1987 . “ Epistemic modality and spoken discourse ” . In Transactions of the Philological Society , 111 – 131 . Oxford : Basil Blackwell .
  • Cohen , V. 1990 . Reporting on Risk: Getting it Right in an Age of Risk , Washington, DC : The Media Institute .
  • Coleman , C.L. 1995 . Science, technology and risk coverage of community conflict . Media, Culture and Society , 17 : 65 – 79 . [CSA]
  • Cottle , S. 1998 . Ulrich Beck, ‘Risk Society’ and the media: A catastrophic view? . European Journal of Communication , 13 : 5 – 32 . [CSA]
  • Cottle , S. 2000 . “ TV news, lay voices and the visualization of environmental risks ” . In Environmental Risks and the Media , Edited by: Allan , S. , Adam , B. and Carter , C. 29 – 44 . London & New York : Routledge .
  • Dunwoody , S. and Stocking , H.S. 1985 . “ Social scientists and journalists: Confronting the stereotypes ” . In The Media. Social Science, and Social Policy for Children , Edited by: Rubinstein , B.A. and Brown , J. 167 – 187 . Norwood, NJ : Ablex .
  • Eason , D. 1986 . On journalistic authority: The Janet Cooke scandal . Critical Studies in Mass Communication , 3 : 429 – 447 . [CSA]
  • Fowler , R. , Hodge , R. , Kress , G. and Trew , T. 1979 . Language and Control , London : Routledge & Kegan Paul .
  • Fowler , R. 1987 . “ Notes on critical linguistics ” . In Language Topics: Essays in Honour of Michael Halliday , Edited by: Threadgold , T. and Steele , R. 481 – 492 . Amsterdam and Philadelphia, PA : John Benjamins .
  • Fowler , R. 1991 . Language in the News , London & New York : Routledge .
  • Glaser , B. and Strauss , A. 1967 . The Discovery of Grounded Theory , New York : Aldine .
  • Glassner , B. 1999 . The Culture of Fear: Why Americans are Afraid of the Wrong Things , New York : Basic Books .
  • Hall , S. , Critcher , C. , Jefferson , T. , Clarke , J. and Roberts , B. 1978 . Policing the Crisis , London : Macmillan .
  • Hallin , D. C. 1985 . “ The American news media: A critical theory perspective ” . In Critical Theory and Public Life , Edited by: Forrester , J. 121 – 146 . Cambridge, MA : MIT Press .
  • Hansen , A. , ed. 1993 . The Mass Media and Environmental Issues , Leicester & New York : Leicester University Press .
  • Hansen , A. 2000 . “ Claims-making and framing in British newspaper coverage of the Brent Spar controversy ” . In Environmental Risks and the Media , Edited by: Allan , S. , Adam , B. and Carter , C. 55 – 72 . London & New York : Routledge .
  • Hartley , J. 1982 . Understanding News , London : Routledge .
  • Holmes , J. 1984 . Hedging your bets and sitting on the fence: Some evidence for hedges as support structures . Te Reo , 27 : 47 – 62 . [CSA]
  • Holton , G. 1992 . How to think about the “anti-science” phenomenon . Public Understanding of Science , 1 : 103 – 128 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • Kress , G. 1985 . Linguistic Processes in Sociocultural Practice , Victoria : Deakin University Press .
  • Leach , J. 1998 . “ Madness, metaphors and miscommunication: The rhetorical life of mad cow disease ” . In The Mad Cow Crisis: Health and the Public Good , Edited by: Ratzan , S. C. 119 – 130 . London : UCL Press .
  • Mander , M. S. 1987 . Narrative dimensions of the news: Omniscience, prophecy and morality . Communication , 10 : 51 – 70 . [CSA]
  • Meyer , P. 1988 . A workable measure of auditing accuracy in newspapers . Newspaper Research Journal , 10 : 39 – 51 . [CSA]
  • Miller , D. 1993 . Official sources and “primary definition”: The case of Northern Ireland . Media, Culture and Society , 15 : 385 – 406 . [CSA]
  • Nelkin , D. 1995 . Selling Science: How the Press Covers Science and Technology , revised , New York : W. H. Freeman .
  • Pulford , D. L. 1976 . Follow-up study of science news accuracy . Journalism Quarterly , 53 : 119 – 121 . [CSA]
  • 1999 . Scientific Debacles . Discover , 20 ( 12 ) : 34 [CSA]
  • Trumbo , C. 1996 . Constructing climate change: Claims and frames in U.S. news coverage of an environmental issue . Public Understanding of Science , 5 : 269 – 283 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • Tuchman , G. 1972 . Objectivity as a strategic ritual: An examination of newsman's notions of objectivity . American Journal of Sociology , 77 : 660 – 679 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • van Dijk , T. A. 1988 . “ News Analysis: Case Studies of International and National News in the Press ” . HiIlsdale, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates .
  • van Loon , J. 2000 . “ Virtual risks in an age of cybernetic reproduction ” . In The Risk Society and Beyond: Critical Issues for Social Theory , Edited by: Adam , B. , Beck , U. , van Loon , J. and J. 165 – 181 . London : Sage .
  • van Loon , J. and Sahelis , I. 1997 . Recycling time: The temporal complexity of waste management . Time And Society , 6 : 287 – 306 . [CSA]
  • Zelizer , B. 1990 . Where is the author in American TV news? On the construction and presentation of proximity, authorship and journalistic authority . Semiotica , 80 : 37 – 48 . [CSA]
  • Zelizer , B. 1992 . Covering the Body: The Kennedy Assassination, the Media, and the Shaping of Collective Memory , Chicago & London : University of Chicago Press .
  • Zelizer , B. 1993 . Journalists as interpretive communities . Critical Studies in Mass Communication , 10 : 219 – 237 . [CSA]

Newspapers

  • Adams , J. 1996 . Pentagon in Missile Plan to Save World . Sunday Times , March, 24 Overseas news[CSA]
  • Berry , A. 1992 . One-in-400 Chance of Comet Collision . Daily Telegraph , October 23 [CSA]
  • Borenstein , S. 2000 . Doomsday Alert Missed The Mark; Experts Admit Error in Collision Forecast . Houston Chronicle , November 7 : A2 [CSA]
  • Broad , W. J. 2000 . New Asteroid That May Threaten Earth is Found . New York Times , February 8 : A16 [CSA]
  • Brown , C. 2000 . End of The World Is (Almost) Nigh; It's Official - The Possibility Of Asteroids Devastating The Earth Is No Longer Confined To Hollywood Science-Fiction . Independent , September 3 : 3 [CSA]
  • Browne , M. 1998 . Asteroid Is Expected to Make A Pass Close to Earth in 2028 . New York Times , March 12 : A1 [CSA]
  • Byars , C. 1992 . Will Comet Hit Earth in 2126? . Houston Chronicle , October 21 [CSA]
  • Byrne , G. 1998 . Are We Sitting Ducks in a Cosmic Shooting Gallery . Daily Telegraph , March 12 : 8 [CSA]
  • Chandler , D. L. 1998 . No More ‘Never-Minds’, They Vow. The Next Time the Earth Finds Itself Possibly in the Crosshairs of a Cosmic Cannonball, How Will the World Find Out? . Boston Globe , April 6 : C3 [CSA]
  • Chandler , D. L. 1995 . Avoiding the Dinosaurs' Fate . Boston Globe , May 1 : 29 [CSA]
  • Chandler , D. L. 1998 . Earth, Asteroid Appear Headed for 2028 Rendezvous . Boston Globe , March 12 : A1 [CSA]
  • Chandler , D. L. 2000 . Space Object Could Hit Earth in 2030 Scientists Say . Boston Globe , November 4 : A3 [CSA]
  • Chandler , D. L. 1999 . Scientists Say Asteroid May Tango With Earth . Boston Globe , April 14 : A3 [CSA]
  • Cooke , R. 1992 . Is Our World Doomed by Fickle Comet? . Newsday , October 20 [CSA]
  • Daley , B. 2004 . Asteroid Scare Exposes Flaws in Early Warning System . Boston Globe , March 2 : C1 [CSA]
  • Glaister , D. 1995 . Sanity of the Silly Season . Guardian , August 5 : 22 [CSA]
  • Hall , C. T. 2004 . The Day the Earth Was Not threatened by an Asteroid . San Francisco Chronicle , February 26 : A2 [CSA]
  • Hartston , W. 1998 . What the Papers Said: William Hartston Reviews the Week's Press . Independent , March 15 : 23 [CSA]
  • Hawkes , N. 1998 . 6.30 pm, October 26, 2028: Could This be the Deadline for the Apocalypse? . The Times , March 13 Home News[CSA]
  • Hazarika , S. 2005 . Computer Model Predicts 150 sq. mile Asteroid to Hit Earth in 65Years . India Daily News online , January 18 [CSA]
  • Hotz , R. L. 1998 . NASA Orders 72-Hour Secrecy on Asteroid Threat . Los Angeles Times , May 14 : 1 [CSA]
  • Matthews , R. 1995 . The Butterflies In Space That Threaten Earth . Sunday Telegraph , September 24 : 22 [CSA]
  • Matthews , R. 2001 . Britain Leads Defence Against Asteroid Impact . Sunday Telegraph , February 25 : 10 [CSA]
  • Morris , S. 2000 . The End is Nigh, Perhaps . Guardian , November 6 : 5 [CSA]
  • Radford , T. 1992 . Collision Scenario Says World To End In 134 years . Guardian , October 26 : 1 [CSA]
  • Radford , T. 2001 . End of the World is Nigh, Scientists Insist . Guardian , September 7 : 9 [CSA]
  • Rees , M. 2000 . Armageddon; as the Government Appoints an Asteroid Task Force, Why I Believe Earth is on a Collision Course . Daily Mail , January 5 : 10 [CSA]
  • Ridley , M. 1997 . How Will They Know When it's the End of the World? . Daily Telegraph , February 24 : 20 [CSA]
  • Sawyer , K. 1998 . After False Alarm, Astronomers Feud Over Prophesying Threats . Washington Post , April 12 : A03 [CSA]
  • Sawyer , K. 1998 . Fizzled Armageddon Alert Focuses Astronomers on Public Relations Strategy . Washington Post , March 15 : A01 [CSA]
  • Sharkey , J. 1998 . We're Doomed! Story at 11, Facts Tomorrow . New York Times , 14NJ March 22 : 1 [CSA]
  • Sutherland , P. 2000 . Pounds 25m to Stop Asteroid Peril . The Sun , September 18 [CSA]
  • Temple-Raston , D. 2000 . Doomsday May Be On The Way, But Don't Brace For A Deep Impact Just Yet . USA Today , December 5 : 9D [CSA]
  • Thompson , L. 1999 . The Odds of Getting Hit by an Asteroid . Los Angeles Times , July 28 : 3 [CSA]
  • Thompson , D. 1998 . Millennium Heading for Earth . The Times , March 14 Features[CSA]
  • 1998 . Apocalypse When? Fears of Cataclysmic Upheaval if Asteroid Hits” — . The Advertiser online , January 31 [CSA]
  • 2000 . Asteroid to ‘Hit Earth’ . The Sun , June 23 [CSA]
  • 2000 . Asteroid Risk . Sunday Times , November 5 Home news[CSA]
  • 1999 . Asteroid 1998 0X4 . Guardian , June 16 : 3 [CSA]
  • 2000 . Calling Bruce Willis; Armageddon? There's a 1-in-1,000 Chance Asteroid Will Collide With Earth — in 2071 . Baltimore Sun , November 13 : 14A [CSA]
  • 1999 . Doom Numbers . Boston Globe , July 29 : E16 [CSA]
  • 1997 . How Will They Know it's the End of the World? . Daily Telegraph , February 24 : 20 [CSA]
  • 1996 . Mathematicians Say Asteroid May Hit Earth in a Million Years . New York Times , April 25 : B10 [CSA]
  • 1998 . New Asteroid May Indicate Hidden Threat . New York Times , July 3 : A14 [CSA]
  • 1999 . Science Notebook: How Hard Can a Comet Hit? . Washington Post , July 26 : A09 [CSA]
  • 2000 . Scientists Downgrade Threat of Asteroid Hitting Earth . Los Angeles Times , November 7 : A14 [CSA]
  • 1998 . Secrets of the Asteroids' Attack . Daily Mail , May 15 : 15 [CSA]
  • 2000 . Sometimes the Sky Does Fall; The Danger of Asteroids Isn't Fantasy . Los Angeles Times , November 11 : B9 [CSA]
  • 2000 . Southern California Living . Los Angeles Times , November 28 : E2 [CSA]
  • 2000 . Speeding Object May Have A Date With Earth . Washington Post , May 11 : A3 [CSA]
  • 1998 . The Answer is to Confront It; Astral Revelation . Guardian , March 14 : 22 [CSA]
  • 1997 . Unknown Asteroids May Spell Doom for Earth, Scientists Warn . Boston Herald , July 31 : 7 [CSA]
  • 1988 . What They Cannot Do About An Asteroid . Daily Mail , March 16 : 12 [CSA]
  • 2000 . 900 Asteroids That Each Spell Doom . Daily Mail , July 23 : 16 [CSA]

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.