Oxidation Products and Antioxidant Markers in Plasma of Patients with Graves' Disease and Toxic Multinodular Goiter: Effect of Methimazole Treatment

References

• Asayama, K., Dobashi, K., Hayashibe, H., Megata, Y. and Kato, K. (1991) "Lipid peroxidation and free radical scavengers in thyroid dysfunction in the rat: a possible mechanism of injury to heart and skeletal muscle in hyperthyroidism", Endocrinology 121, 2112–2118.
   Google Scholar
• Fernandez, V, Barrientos, X., Kipreos, K., Valenzuela, A. and Videla, L.A. (1985) "Superoxide radical generation, NADPH mddase activity and cytochrome P-450 content of rat liver microsomal fractions in an experimental hyperthyroid state: relation to lipid peroxidation", Endocrinology 117, 496–501.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asayama, K. and Kato, K. (1990) "Oxidative muscular injury and its relevance to hyperthyroidism", Free Radic. Biol. Med. 8, 293–303.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenspan, ES. (1997) "The thyroid gland", In: Greenspan, F.S. and Gordon, J.S., eds, Basic and Clinical Endocrinology (Prentice-Hall), pp 233–242.
   Google Scholar
• Mariotti, S. and Pinchera, A. (1990) "Role of the immune system in the control of the thyroid function", In: Greer, M.A., ed., The Thyroid Gland (Raven Press, New York), pp 45–60.
   Google Scholar
• Ahsan, H., Ali, A. and Ali, R. (2003) "Oxygen free radicals and systemic autoimmunity", Clin. Exp. Immunol. 131, 398–404.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weetman, A.P., Holt, M.E., Campbell, A.K., Hall, R. and McGregor, A.M. (1984) "Methimazole and generation of oxygen radicals by monocytes: potential role in immuno-suppression", Br. Med. J. (Clin. Res. Ed.) 288, 518–520.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Szabo, J., Foris, G., Mezosi, E., Nagy, E.V., Paragh, G., Sztojka, I. and Leovey, A. (1996) "Parameters of respiratory burst and arachidonic acid metabolism in polymorphonuclear granulo-cytes from patients with various thyroid diseases", Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Diabetes 104, 172–176.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson, R., Buchanan, L., Fraser, W.D., Jenkins, C., Smith, W.E., Reglinsld, J., Thomson, J.A. and McKillop, J.H. (1998) "Evidence for carbimazole as an antioxidant?", Autoimmunity 27,149–153.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ozdem, S., Aliciguzel, Y, Ozdem, S.S. and Karayalcin, U. (2000) "Effects of propylthiouracil treatment on antioxidant activities in blood of toxic multinodular goiter patients", Pharmacology 61, 31–36.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bianchi, G., Solaroli, E. and Zaccheroni, V. (1999) "Oxidative stress and anti-oxidant metabolites in patients with hyperthyroidism: effect of treatment", Horm. Metab. Res. 31, 620–624.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson, R., McKillop, J.H., Chopra, M. and Thomson, J.A. (1988) "The effect of antithyroid drugs on B and T cell activity in vitro", Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf) 28, 389–397.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Komosinska-Vassev, K., Olczyk, K., Kucharz, E.J., Marcisz, C., Winsz-Szczotka, K. and Kotulska, A. (2000) "Free radical activity and antioxidant defense mechanisms in patients with hyperthyroidism due to Graves' disease during therapy", Clin. Chim. Acta 300, 107–117.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aliciguzel, Y., Ozdem, S.N., Ozdem, S.S., Karayalcin, U., Siedlak, S.L., Perry, G. and Smith, M.A. (2001) "Erythrocyte, plasma, and serum antioxidant activities in untreated toxic multinodular goiter patients", Free Radic. Biol. Med. 30, 665–670.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallati, H. and Pracht, I. (1985) "Horseradish peroxidase: kinetic studies and optimization of peroxidase activity determination using the substrates H202 and 3,31,5,51-tetramethylbenzidine", J. Clin. Chem. Clin. Biochem. 23, 453–460.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nourooz-Zadeh, J., Tajaddini-Sarmadi, J. and Wolff, S.P. (1994) "Measurement of plasma hydroperoxide concen-trations by the ferrous oxidation-xylenol orange assay in conjunction with triphenylphosphine", Anal. Biochem. 220, 403–409.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buege, J.A. and Aust, S.D. (1978) "Microsomal lipid peroxidation", Methods Enzymol. 52, 302–310.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Roos, D., Weening, R.S., Voetman, A.A., van Schaik, M.L., Bot, A.A., Meerhof, L.J. and Loos, J.A. (1979) "Protection of phagocytic leukocytes by endogenous glutathione: studies in a family with glutathione reductase deficiency", Blood 53, 851–866.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goth, L. (1991) "A simple method for determination of serum catalase activity and revision of reference range", Clin. Chim. Acta 196, 143–151.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ravin, H.A. (1961) "An improved colorimetric enzymatic assay of ceruloplasmin", J. Lab. Clin. Med. 58, 161–168.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sunthanthiran, M., Solomon, S.D., Williams, P.S., Rubin, A.L., Novogrodsky, A. and Stenzel, K.H. (1984) "Hydroxyl radical scavengers inhibit human cultured follicular thyroid cells", Nature 307, 276–278.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor, J.J., Wilson, R.L. and Kendall-Taylor, P. (1984) "Evidence for direct interaction between methimazole and free radicals", FEBS Letters 176, 337–340.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weetman, A.P. (1986) "Effect of the antithyroid drug methimazole on interleukin-1 and interleukin-2 levels in vitro", Clin. Endocrinol. 25, 133–142.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whiteman, M. and Halliwell, B. (1997) "Thiourea and dimethylthiourea inhibit peroxynitrite-dependent damage: nonspecifity as hydroxyradical scavengers", Free Radic. Biol. Med. 22, 1309–1312.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seven, R., Gelisgen, R., Seven, A., Erbil, Y., Bozbora, A. and Burcak, G. (2001) "Influence of propylthiouracil treatment on oxidative stress and nitric oxide in Basedow disease patients", J. Toxicol. Environ. Health, Part A 62, 495–503.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guerra, L.N., Moiguer, S., Karner, M., de Molina, M.C., Sreider, C.M. and Burdman, J.A. (2001) "Antioxidants in the treatment of Graves' disease", IUBMB Life 51, 105–109.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Halliwell, B. and Gutteridge, J.M. (1990) "Role of free radicals in human disease: an overview", Methods Enzymol. 186, 1–85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pareira, B., Costa Rosa, L., Safi, D., Bechara, E. and Curi, R. (1994) "Control of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities in lymphoid organs by thyroid hormones", J. Endocrinol. 140, 73–77.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hara, H., Ban, Y. and Sato, R. (1993) "Serum superoxide dismutase in patients with Graves' disease", Nippon Naibunpi Gakkai Zasshi 69, 87–92.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Abalovich, M., Llesuy, S., Gutierrez, S. and Repetto, M. (2003) "Peripheral parameters of oxidative stress in Graves' disease: the effects of methimazole and 131 iodine treatments", Clin. Endocrinol. 59, 321–327.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clemens, M.C. and Waller, H.D. (1987) "Lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes", Chem. Phys. Lipids 45, 251–268.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seven, A., Seymen, 0., Hatemi, S., Hatemi, H., Yigit, G. and Candan, G. (1996b) "Antioxidant status in experimental hyperthyroidism: effect of vitamin E supplementation", Clin. Chim. Acta 256, 65–74.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maral, J., Puget, K. and Michelson, AM. (1977) "Comparative study of superoxide dismutase activity, catalase and glutathione peroxidase levels in erythrocytes of different animals", Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 77, 1525–1535.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ademoglu, E., Gokkusu, C., Yarman, S. and Azizlerli, H. (1998) "The effect of methimazole on the oxidant and antioxidant system in patients with hyperthyroidism", Pharmacol. Res. 38, 93–96.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dumitriu, L., Bartoc, R., Ursu, H., Purice, M. and Ionescu, V. (1988) "Significance of high levels of serum malonyl dialdehyde (MDA) and ceruloplasmin (CP) in hyper- and hypothyroidism", Endocrinologie 26, 35–38.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Erkilic, A.B., Aliciguzel, Y, Erkilic, M. and Aksu, A. (1996) "Ceruloplasmin and vitamin E levels in toxic multinodular goiter", Nutr. Res. 6, 185–189.
   Google Scholar