2,823
Views
32
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Development and Evaluation of Nasal Formulations of Ketorolac

Pages 223-229 | Published online: 29 Sep 2008

References

  • Aoki, F. Y., and Crawly, J. C. W. 1976. Distribution and removal of human albumin-technetium99m instilled intranasally. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 3:869–878.
  • Berninger, R. W., and Darsh, D. A. 1986. The use of reversed phase cartridges (C18) in processing plasma for analysis of indomethaci n by high performanc e liquid chromatography. J. Clin. Chem. Clin. Biochem. 24:227–232.
  • Bond, S. W., Hardy, J. G., and Wilson, C. G. 1984. Deposition and clearance of nasal sprays. Proc. 2nd Eur. Congr. Biopharm. Pharmacol. 1:93–98.
  • Buckley, M. T., and Brogden, N. R. 1990. Ketorolac: a review of its pharma- codynami c and pharmacokineti c properties, and therapeutic potential. Drugs 39(1):86–109.
  • Davis, C. P., Torre, R. T., Schafer, C. N., Dave, B., and Bass, B. 1993. Ketorolac as a rapid and effective treatment of migraine headache: evaluation by patients. Ann. Emerg. Med. 11:573–575.
  • DeAndrade, R. J., and Maslanka, M. 1994. The use of ketorolac in the manage- ment of postoperative pain. Orthopedics 17:157–166.
  • Dondeti, P., Zia, H., and Needham, T. E. 1995. In vivo evaluation of spray formulations of human insulin for nasal delivery. Int. J. Pharm. 122:91–96.
  • El-Hammed, D. M., and Kellaway, W. I. 1997. Preparation and in vitro char- acterization of mucoadhesiv e polymeric microsphere s as intra-nasal delivery systems. Eur. J. Pharm. Bio. 44:53–60.
  • Gizurason, S. 1990. Animal models for intranasal drug delivery studies. Acta Pharm. Nord. 2(2):106–122.
  • Gordon, G. S., Moses, A. C., Silver, R. D., Filer, J. S., and Carey, M. D. 1995. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 82:7419–7423.
  • Gu, L., Chiang, H. S., and Becker, A. 1988. Kinetics and mechanisms of the autoxidation of ketorolac tromethamine in aqueous solution. Int. J. Pharm. 41:95– 104.
  • Hardy, J. G., Lee, S. W., and Wilson, C. G. 1985. Intranasal drug delivery by spray and drops. J. Pharm. Pharmcol. 37:294–297.
  • Harris, A. S., Svensson, E., Wagner, Z. G., Lethagen, D., and Nilsson, I. M. 1988. Effect of viscosity on the particle size, deposition and clearance of nasal delivery systems containing desmopressin. J. Pharm. Sci. 77:405–408.
  • Harris, S. A., Ohin, M., Svensson, S., Lethagen, D., and Nilsson, I. M. 1989. Effect of viscosity on the pharmacokinetic s and biological response to intranasal desmopressin. J. Pharm. Sci. 78:470–471.
  • Larkin, L. L., and Prescott, J. E. 1992. A randomized double-blind comparative study of the eficacy of ketorolac tromethamine versus meperidine in the treatment of severe migraine. Ann. Emerg. Med. 21(8):919–924.
  • Lee, W. A., Narog, B. A., Patapoff, T. W., and Wang, J. 1991. Intranasal bioavail- ability of insulin powder formulations: effect of permeation enhancer-to- protein ratio. J. Pharm. Sci. 80:725–729.
  • Lin, S. Y., Yu, D. M. S., and Amidon, G. L. 1993. Intranasal gelling delivery systems: a viscoelasticity analysis of nasal residence time. Pharm. Res. 10: S–195.
  • Marttin, E., Romeijan, G. S., Verhoef, C. J., and Merkus, W. H. M. F. 1997. Nasal absorption of dihydroergotamin e from liquid and powder formulations in rabbit. J. Pharm. Sci. 86:802–807.
  • McMartin, C., Hutchinson, E. F. L., Hyde, R., and Peters, E. G. 1987. Analysis of structural requirements for the absorption of drugs and macromolecules from the nasal cavity. J. Pharm. Sci. 76:535–540.
  • Montgomery, C. D., 1997. Design and analysis of experiments. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Morimoto, K., Morisaka, K., and Kamada, A. 1985. Enhancemen t of nasal absorption of insulin and calcitonin using polyacrylic acid gel. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 37:134–136.
  • Morimoto, K., Yamaguchi, H., Iwakura, Y., Morisaka, K., Ohashi, Y., and Nakai, Y. 1991. Effects of viscous hyaluronat e sodium solutions on the nasal absorp- tion of vasopressin and an analogue. Pharm. Res. 8:471–474.
  • Mroszczak, E. J., and Lee, F. W. 1987. Ketorolac tromethamine absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and pharmacokinetic s in animals and hu- mans. Drug Metab. Disp. 15:618–626.
  • Mulvaney, B. D., and Heist, H. E. 1971. Regeneration of rabbit olfactory epithe- lium. Am. J. Anat. 131:241–251.
  • Nagai, T., Nishimoto, Y., Nambu, N., Suzuki, Y., and Sekine, K. 1984. Powder dosage form of insulin for nasal administration. J. Cont. Release 1:15– 22.
  • Newman, S. P., Moren, F., and Clarke, S. W. 1987. Deposition pattern from a nasal pump spray. Rhinology 25:77– 82.
  • Ohwaki, T., Ando, H., Kakimoto, F., Uesugi, K., Watanabe, S., Miyake, Y., and Kayano, M. 1987. Effects of dose, pH, and osmolarity on nasal absorption of secretin in rats. II. Histological aspects of the nasal mucosa in relation to the absorption variation due to the effects of pH and osmolarity. J. Pharm. Sci. 76:695–698.
  • Okuda, M., and Kanda, T. 1973. Scanning electron microscopy of the nasal mucous membrane. Acta Otolaryng. 76:283–294.
  • Pennington, A. K., Ratcliffe, J. H., Wilson, C. G., and Hardy, J. G. 1988. The influence of solution viscosity on nasal spray deposition and clearance. Int. J. Pharm. 43:221– 224.
  • Peppas, N. A., and Buri, P. A. 1985. Surface interfacial and molecular aspects of polymer bioadhesion on soft tissues. J. Cont. Release 2:257–275.
  • Quadir, M. 1999. Developmen t of nasal formulations of ketorolac. Ph.D. Dis- sertation, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI.
  • Quadir, M., Needham, T., and Zia, H. (2000). Toxicologica l implication of a newly develope d nasal spray formulation of ketorolac tromethamine. Manuscript under preparation.
  • Roy, D. S., and Manoukian, E. 1994. Permeability of ketorolac acid and its ester analogs (Prodrug) through human cadaver skin. J. Pharm. Sci. 83:1548–1553.
  • Santus, G., Rivolta, R., and Bottoni, G. 1993. Nasal formulations of ketoro- lac tromethamine, technogica l evaluation—bioavailability and tolerability in rabbits. Farmaco. 48(12):1709–1723.
  • Yu, D., Sanders, M. L., Davidson, W. R. G., Marvin, J. M., and Ling, T. 1988. Percutaneou s absorption of nicaripine and ketorolac in rhesus monkeys. Pharm. Res. 7:457–462.
  • Zia, H., Rashed, S., Quadir, M., Needham, E. T., and Squillante, E. 1998. Ketorolac tromethamine and ketoprofen suppositories: release proiles and bioavailability of a cocoa butter base formula in rabbits. Int. J. Pharm. Comp. 2(5):390–393.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.