Effects of the Resuscitation Fluid and the Hemoglobin Based Oxygen Carrier (HBOC) Excipient on the Toxicity of the HBOC: Ringer's D,L-Lactate, Ringer's L-Lactate, and Ringer's Ketone Solutions

REFERENCES

• Pope, A., Freuch, G., Longnecker, D.E. (1999). Fluid Resuscitation: State of the Science for Treating Combat Casualties and Civilian Injuries, National Academy Press: Washington, DC.
   Google Scholar
• Chan, L., Slater, J., Hasbargen, J., Herndon, D.N., Veech, R.L., Wolf, S. (1992). Neurocardiac toxicity of racemic D,L-lactate fluids. Integr. Physiol. Behav. Sci. 29: 383–394. [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Alam, H.B., Auston, B., Koustova, E., Rhee, P. (2001). Resuscitation-induced pulmonary apoptosis and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 expression in rats are attenuated by the use of Ketone Ringer's solution. J. Am. Coll. Surg. 193: 255–263. [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Koustova, E., Rhee, P., Hancock, T., Chen, H., Inocencio, R., Jaskille, A., Hanes, W., Valeri, C.R., Alam, H.B. (2003). Ketone and pyruvic Ringer's solution decrease pulmonary apoptosis in a rat model of severe hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation. Surgery 134: 267–274. [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Deb, S., Martin, B., Sun, L., Ruff, P., Burris, D., Rich, N., Debreux, S., Austin, B., Rhee, P. (1999). Resuscitation with lactated Ringer's solution in rats with hemorrhagic shock induces immediate apoptosis. J. Trauma 46: 582–588. [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deb, S., Sun, L., Martin, B., Burris, D., Kaufmann, C., Rich, N., Rhee, P. (2000). Lactated Ringer's solution and hetastarch but not plasma resuscitation after rat hemorrhagic shock is associated with immediate lung apoptosis by the upregulation of the Bax protein. J. Trauma 49: 47–53. [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jaskille, A., Alam, H.B., Rhee, P., Hanes, W., Kirkpatrick, J.R., Koustova, E. (2004). D lactate increases pulmonary apoptosis by restricting phosphorylation of Bad and eNOS in a rat model of hemorrhagic shock. J. Trauma 57: 262–269. [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Shires, G.T., Browder, L.K., Steljes, T.P.V., Williams, S.J., Browder, T.D., Barber, A.E. (2005). The effect of shock resuscitation fluids on apoptosis. Am. J. Surg. 189: 85–91. [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rhee, P., Burris, D., Kaufmann, C., Pikoulis, M., Austin, B., Ling, G., Harviel, D., Waxman, K. (1998). Lactated Ringer's solution resuscitation causes neutrophil activation after hemorrhagic shock. J. Trauma 44: 313–319. [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rhee, P., Wang, D., Ruff, P., Austin, B., DeBreux, S., Wolcott, K., Burris, D., Ling, G., Sun, L. (2000). Human neutrophil activation and increased adhesion by various resuscitation fluids. Crit. Care. Med. 28: 74–78. [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Koustova, E., Santon, K., Gushchin, V., Alam, H.B., Stegalkina, S., Rhee, P.M. (2002). Effects of lactated Ringer's solution on human leukocytes. J. Trauma 52: 872–878. [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cross, H.R., Clarke, K., Opie, L.H., Radda, G.K. (1995). Is lactate-induced myocardial ischaemic injury mediated by decreased pH or increased intracellular lactate? J. Mol. Cell Cardiol. 27: 1369–1381. [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zager, R.A. (1996). Rhabdomyloysis and myohemoglobinuric acute renal failure. Kidney Int. 49: 314–326. [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kasper, S.M., Walter, M., Grune, P., Bischoff, A., Erasmi, H., Buzello, W. (1996). Effects of hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier (HBOC201) on hemodynamics and oxygen transport in patients undergoing preoperative hemodilution for elective abdominal aortic surgery. Anast. Analg. 83: 921–927. [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCord, J.M. (1985). Oxygen-derived free radicals in postischemic tissue injury. N. Engl. J. Med. 312: 159–163. [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paller, M.S., Hoidal, J.R., Ferris, F.T. (1984). Oxygen free radicals in ischemic acute renal failure in the rat. J. Clin. Invest. 74: 1156–1164. [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lieberthal, W., Fuhro, R., Andry, C., Valeri, C.R. (2000). Effects of hemoglobin-based oxygen-carrying solutions in anesthetized rats with acute ischemic renal failure. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 135: 73–81. [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fan, H., Sun, B., Gu, Q., Lafond-Walker, A., Cao, S., Becker, L.C. (2002). Oxygen radicals trigger activation of NF-κB and AP-1 and upregulation of ICAM-1 in reperfused canine heart. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 282: H1778–H1786. [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thirunavukkarasu, C., Watkins, S., Harvey, S.A.K., Gandhi, C. (2004). Superoxide-induced apoptosis of activated rat hepatic stellate cells. J. Hepatol. 41: 567–575. [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higuchi, M., Manna, S.K., Sasaki, R., Aggarwal, B.B. (2002). Regulation of the activation of nuclear factor kappaB by mitochondrial respiratory function: Evidence for the reactive oxygen species-dependent and –independent pathways. Antioxid. Redox. Signal 4: 945–955. [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Veech, R.L. (2004). The therapeutic implications of ketone bodies: The effects of ketone bodies in pathological conditions: Ketosis, ketogenic diet, redox states, insulin resistance, and mitochondrial metabolism. Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids 70: 309–319. [CSA], [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sato, N., Shimizu, H., Shimomura, Y., Suwa, K., Mori, M., Kobayashi, L. (1992). Mechanism of inhibitory action of ketone bodies on the production of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROIS) by polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Life Sci. 51: 113–118. [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar