10
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Retinal Vascular Caliber and Diabetes in a Multiethnic Asian Population

, , , , , , & show all
Pages 534-543 | Received 09 Feb 2009, Published online: 13 Aug 2009

References

  • Agardh CD, Agardh E, Zhang H, Ostenson CG. Altered endothelial/pericyte ratio in Goto-Kakizaki rat retina. J Diab Complicat 1997; 11: 158–162
  • Brooks SE, Gu X, Kaufmann PM, Marcus DM, Caldwell RB. Modulation of VEGF production by pH and glucose in retinal Müller cells. Curr Eye Res 1998; 17: 875–882
  • Cutter J, Tan BY, Chew SK. Levels of cardiovascular disease risk factors in Singapore following a national intervention programme. Bull World Health Organ 2001; 79: 908–915
  • Hadi HA, Suwaidi JA. Endothelial dysfunction in diabetes mellitus. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2007; 3: 853–876
  • Holohan C, Szegezdi E, Ritter T, O'Brien T, Samali A. Cytokine-induced beta-cell apoptosis is NO-dependent, mitochondria-mediated, and inhibited by BCL-XL. J Cell Mol Med 2008; 12: 591–606
  • Hughes K, Aw TC, Kuperan P, Choo M. Central obesity, insulin resistance, syndrome X, lipoprotein(a), and cardiovascular risk in Indians, Malays, and Chinese in Singapore. J Epidemiol Comm Health 1997; 51: 394–399
  • Hughes K, Yeo PP, Lun KC, Thai AC, Sothy SP, Wang KW, Cheah JS, Phoon WO, Lim P. Cardiovascular diseases in Chinese, Malays, and Indians in Singapore. II. Differences in risk factor levels. J Epidemiol Comm Health 1990; 44: 29–35
  • Ikram MK, Janssen JA, Roos AM, Rietveld I, Witteman JC, Breteler MM, Hofman A, van Duijn CM, de Jong PT. Retinal vessel diameters and risk of impaired fasting glucose or diabetes: the Rotterdam study. Diabetes 2006; 55: 506–510
  • Jeganathan, VS, Kawasaki, R, Wang, JJ, Aung, T, Mitchell, P, Saw, SM, Wong, TY. 2008. Retinal vascular caliber and age-related macular degeneration: the Singapore Malay Eye study. Am J Ophthalmol, 146:954–959, e951.
  • Kanjilal S, Shanker J, Rao VS, Khadrinarasimhaih NB, Mukherjee M, Iyengar SS, Kakkar VV. Prevalence and component analysis of metabolic syndrome: an Indian atherosclerosis research study perspective. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2008; 4: 189–197
  • Kifley A, Wang JJ, Cugati S, Wong TY, Mitchell P. Retinal vascular caliber, diabetes, and retinopathy. Am J Ophthalmol 2007; 143: 1024–1026
  • Kifley A, Wang JJ, Cugati S, Wong TY, Mitchell P. Retinal vascular caliber and the long-term risk of diabetes and impaired fasting glucose: the Blue Mountains Eye study. Microcirculation 2008; 15: 373–377
  • King H, Aubert RE, Herman WH. Global burden of diabetes, 1995–2025: prevalence, numerical estimates, and projections. Diab Care 1998; 21: 1414–1431
  • Klein R, Klein BE, Knudtson MD, Wong TY, Tsai MY. Are inflammatory factors related to retinal vessel caliber? The Beaver Dam Eye study. Arch Ophthalmol 2006; 124: 87–94
  • Klein R, Klein BE, Magli YL, Brothers RJ, Meuer SM, Moss SE, Davis MD. An alternative method of grading diabetic retinopathy. Ophthalmology 1986; 93: 1183–1187
  • Klein R, Klein BE, Moss SE, Wong TY. Retinal vessel caliber and microvascular and macrovascular disease in type 2 diabetes: XXI: the Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy. Ophthalmology 2007; 114: 1884–1892
  • McEwen LN, Kim C, Karter AJ, Haan MN, Ghosh D, Lantz PM, Mangione CM, Thompson TJ, Herman WH. Risk factors for mortality among patients with diabetes: the Translating Research Into Action for Diabetes (TRIAD) study. Diab Care 2007; 30: 1736–1741
  • McGeechan K, Liew G, Macaskill P, Irwig L, Klein R, Sharrett AR, Klein BE, Wang JJ, Chambless LE, Wong TY. Risk prediction of coronary heart disease based on retinal vascular caliber (from the Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities [ARIC] study). Am J Cardiol 2008; 102: 58–63
  • Misra A, Misra R. Asian indians and insulin resistance syndrome: global perspective. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2003; 1: 277–283
  • Mohan V, Deepa M, Farooq S, Prabhakaran D, Reddy KS. Surveillance for risk factors of cardiovascular disease among an industrial population in southern India. Natl Med J India 2008; 21: 8–13
  • Mohan V, Sandeep S, Deepa R, Shah B, Varghese C. Epidemiology of type 2 diabetes: Indian scenario. Indian J Med Res 2007; 125: 217–230
  • Muniyappa, R, Iantorno, M, Quon, MJ. 2008. An integrated view of insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am, 37:685–711, ix–x.
  • Nguyen TT, Wang JJ, Islam FM, Mitchell P, Tapp RJ, Zimmet PZ, Simpson R, Shaw J, Wong TY. Retinal arteriolar narrowing predicts incidence of diabetes: the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle (AusDiab) study. Diabetes 2008; 57: 536–539
  • Nguyen TT, Wang JJ, Sharrett AR, Islam FM, Klein R, Klein BE, Cotch MF, Wong TY. Relationship of retinal vascular caliber with diabetes and retinopathy: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Diab Care 2008; 31: 544–549
  • Nguyen TT, Wang JJ, Wong TY. Retinal vascular changes in prediabetes and prehypertension: new findings and their research and clinical implications. Diab Care 2007; 30: 2708–2715
  • Nguyen TT, Wong TY. Retinal vascular manifestations of metabolic disorders. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2006; 17: 262–268
  • Peter S. Trends in the incidence of type I diabetes mellitus worldwide. West Indian Med J 2007; 56: 264–269
  • Pournaras CJ, Rungger-Brandle E, Riva CE, Hardarson SH, Stefansson E. Regulation of retinal blood flow in health and disease. Prog Retin Eye Res 2008; 27: 284–330
  • Rewers M. Why do people with diabetes die too soon? More questions than answers. Diab Care 2008; 31: 830–832
  • Simmons D, Clover G, Hope C. Ethnic differences in diabetic retinopathy. Diabet Med 2007; 24: 1093–1098
  • Sun C, Liew G, Wang JJ, Mitchell P, Saw SM, Aung T, Tai ES, Wong TY. Retinal vascular caliber, blood pressure, and cardiovascular risk factors in an Asian population: the Singapore Malay Eye study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2008; 49: 1784–1790
  • Sundborn G, Metcalf PA, Gentles D, Scragg RK, Schaaf D, Dyall L, Black P, Jackson R. Ethnic differences in cardiovascular disease risk factors and diabetes status for Pacific ethnic groups and Europeans in the Diabetes Heart and Health Survey (DHAH) 2002–2003, Auckland New Zealand. N Z Med J 2008; 121: 28–39
  • Tai ES, Tan CE. Genes, diet, and serum lipid concentrations: lessons from ethnically diverse populations and their relevance to coronary heart disease in Asia. Curr Opin Lipidol 2004; 15: 5–12
  • Takeuchi M, Okamoto K, Takagi T, Ishii H. Ethnic difference in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in inter–East Asian populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis focusing on fasting serum insulin. Diab Res Clin Pract 2008; 81: 370–376
  • Tan CE, Emmanuel SC, Tan BY, Jacob E. Prevalence of diabetes and ethnic differences in cardiovascular risk factors. The 1992 Singapore National Health Survey. Diab Care 1999; 22: 241–247
  • Tikellis G, Wang JJ, Tapp R, Simpson R, Mitchell P, Zimmet PZ, Shaw J, Wong TY. The relationship of retinal vascular calibre to diabetes and retinopathy: the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle (AusDiab) study. Diabetologia 2007; 50: 2263–2271
  • Trento M, Bajardi M, Borgo E, Passera P, Maurino M, Gibbins R, Owens DR, Cavallo F, Porta M. Perceptions of diabetic retinopathy and screening procedures among diabetic people. Diabet Med 2002; 19: 810–813
  • Ungvari Z, Pacher P, Kecskemeti V, Papp G, Szollar L, Koller A. Increased myogenic tone in skeletal muscle arterioles of diabetic rats. Possible role of increased activity of smooth muscle Ca2 + channels and protein kinase C. Cardiovasc Res 1999; 43: 1018–1028
  • van Hecke MV, Dekker JM, Nijpels G, Stolk RP, Henry RM, Heine RJ, Bouter LM, Stehouwer CD, Polak BC. Are retinal microvascular abnormalities associated with large artery endothelial dysfunction and intima-media thickness? The Hoorn study. Clin Sci (Lond) 2006; 110: 597–604
  • Wang S, Tikellis G, Wong N, Wong TY, Wang JJ. Lack of knowledge of glycosylated hemoglobin in patients with diabetic retinopathy. Diab Res Clin Pract 2008; 81: e15–e17
  • Wilkinson-Berka JL. Vasoactive factors and diabetic retinopathy: vascular endothelial growth factor, cycoloxygenase-2, and nitric oxide. Curr Pharm Des 2004; 10: 3331–3348
  • Wong TY, Duncan BB, Golden SH, Klein R, Couper DJ, Klein BE, Hubbard LD, Sharrett AR, Schmidt MI. Associations between the metabolic syndrome and retinal microvascular signs: the Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2004; 45: 2949–2954
  • Wong TY, Islam FM, Klein R, Klein BE, Cotch MF, Castro C, Sharrett AR, Shahar E. Retinal vascular caliber, cardiovascular risk factors, and inflammation: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2006; 47: 2341–2350
  • Wong TY, Kamineni A, Klein R, Sharrett AR, Klein BE, Siscovick DS, Cushman M, Duncan BB. Quantitative retinal venular caliber and risk of cardiovascular disease in older persons: the Cardiovascular Health study. Arch Intern Med 2006; 166: 2388–2394
  • Wong TY, Klein R, Islam FM, Cotch MF, Folsom AR, Klein BE, Sharrett AR, Shea S. Diabetic retinopathy in a multiethnic cohort in the United States. Am J Ophthalmol 2006; 141: 446–455
  • Wong TY, Klein R, Sharrett AR, Schmidt MI, Pankow JS, Couper DJ, Klein BE, Hubbard LD, Duncan BB. Retinal arteriolar narrowing and risk of diabetes mellitus in middle-aged persons. JAMA 2002; 287: 2528–2533
  • Wong TY, Loon SC, Saw SM. The epidemiology of age-related eye diseases in Asia. Br J Ophthalmol 2006; 90: 506–511
  • Yeo KK, Tai BC, Heng D, Lee JM, Ma S, Hughes K, Chew SK, Chia KS, Tai ES. Ethnicity modifies the association between diabetes mellitus and ischaemic heart disease in Chinese, Malays, and Asian Indians living in Singapore. Diabetologia 2006; 49: 2866–2873

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.