Reliability and validity of the incremental shuttle walking test in individuals after stroke

References

• Feigin V, Norrving B, Mensah G. Global burden of stroke. Circ Res. 2017;120(3):439–448. doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.116.308413.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Billinger S, Arena R, Bernhardt J, et al. Physical activity and exercise recommendations for stroke survivors: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2014;45(8):2532–2553. doi:10.1161/STR.0000000000000022.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Billinger S, Coughenour E, Mackay-Lyons M, Ivey F. Reduced cardiorespiratory fitness after stroke: biological consequences and exercise-induced adaptations. Stroke Res Treat. 2012;2012:959120.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Marsden D, Dunn A, Callister R, Levi C, Spratt N. Characteristics of exercise training interventions to improve cardiorespiratory fitness after stroke: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2013;27(9):775–788. doi:10.1177/1545968313496329.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dunn A, Marsden D, Van Vliet P, Spratt N, Callister R. Independently ambulant, community-dwelling stroke survivors have reduced cardiorespiratory fitness, mobility and knee strength compared to an age- and gender-matched cohort. Top Stroke Rehabil. 2017;24(3):163–169. doi:10.1080/10749357.2016.1236482.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caspersen C, Powell K, Christenson G. Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: definitions and distinctions for health-related research. 433021. 1985;100:126–131.
   Google Scholar
• Pescatello L. American College of Sports M. ACSM’s Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Health; 2014.
   Google Scholar
• Saunders D, Sanderson M, Hayes S, et al. Physical fitness training for stroke patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;3(3):CD003316.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saltychev M, Sjogren T, Barlund E, Laimi K, Paltamaa J. Do aerobic exercises really improve aerobic capacity of stroke survivors? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2016;52:233–243.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meneghelo R, Araújo C, Stein R, Mastrocolla L, Albuquerque P, Serra S. III Diretrizes da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia sobre teste ergométrico. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2010;95:1–26.
   Google Scholar
• Doyle L, Mackay-Lyons M. Utilization of aerobic exercise in adult neurological rehabilitation by physical therapists in Canada. J Neurol Phys Ther. 2013;37(1):20–26. doi:10.1097/NPT.0b013e318282975c.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boyne P, Billinger S, MacKay-Lyons M, Barney B, Khoury J, Dunning K. Aerobic exercise prescription in stroke rehabilitation: a web-based survey of US physical therapists. J Neurol Phys Ther. 2017;41(2):119–128. doi:10.1097/NPT.0000000000000177.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tyson S, Connell L. The psychometric properties and clinical utility of measures of walking and mobility in neurological conditions: a systematic review. Clin Rehabil. 2009;23(11):1018–1033. doi:10.1177/0269215509339004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monteiro D, Britto R, Carvalho M, Montemezzo D, Parreira V, Pereira D. Shuttle walking test como instrumento de avaliação da capacidade funcional: uma revisão da literatura. Revista Ciência e Saúde. 2014;7(2):92–97.doi:10.15448/1983-652X.2014.2.16580.
   Google Scholar
• Salbach N, O’Brien K, Brooks D, et al. Considerations for the selection of time-limited walk tests poststroke: a systematic review of test protocols and measurement properties. J Neurol Phys Ther. 2017;41(1):3–17. doi:10.1097/NPT.0000000000000159.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eng J, Dawson A, Chu K. Submaximal exercise in persons with stroke: test-retest reliability and concurrent validity with maximal oxygen consumption. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004;85(1):113–118. doi:10.1016/S0003-9993(03)00436-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eng J, Chu K, Dawson A, Kim C, Hepburn K. Functional walk tests in individuals with stroke: relation to perceived exertion and myocardial exertion. Stroke. 2002;33(3):756–761. doi:10.1161/hs0302.104195.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ATS Committee on Proficiency Standards for Clinical Pulmonary Function Laboratories. ATS statement: guidelines for the six-minute walk test. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002;166:111–117. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.166.1.at1102.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holland A, Spruit M, Troosters T, et al. An official European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society technical standard: field walking tests in chronic respiratory disease. Eur Respir J. 2014;44(6):1428–1446. doi:10.1183/09031936.00150314.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parreira V, Janaudis-Ferreira T, Evans R, Mathur S, Goldstein R, Brooks D. Measurement properties of the incremental shuttle walk test. a systematic review. Chest. 2014;145(6):1357–1369. doi:10.1378/chest.13-2071.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Bloemendaal M, Kokkeler A, van de Port I. The shuttle walk test: a new approach to functional walking capacity measurements for patients after stroke? Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2012;93(1):163–166. doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2011.08.012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clague-Baker N, Robinson T, Hagenberg A, Drewry S, Gillies C, Singh S. The validity and reliability of the incremental shuttle walk test and six-minute walk test compared to an incremental cycle test for people who have had a mild-to-moderate stroke. Physiotherapy. 2019;105(2):275–282. doi:10.1016/j.physio.2018.12.005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh S, Morgan M, Scott S, Walters D, Hardman A. Development of a shuttle walking test of disability in patients with chronic airways obstruction. Thorax. 1992;47(12):1019–1024. doi:10.1136/thx.47.12.1019.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bossuyt P, Reitsma J, Bruns D, et al. STARD 2015: an updated list of essential items for reporting diagnostic accuracy studies. Clin Chem. 2015;61(12):1446–1452. doi:10.1373/clinchem.2015.246280.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Terwee C, Mokkink L, Knol D, Ostelo R, Bouter L, de Vet H. Rating the methodological quality in systematic reviews of studies on measurement properties: a scoring system for the COSMIN checklist. Qual Life Res. 2012;21(4):651–657. doi:10.1007/s11136-011-9960-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernhardt J, Hayward K, Kwakkel G, et al. Agreed definitions and a shared vision for new standards in stroke recovery research: the stroke recovery and rehabilitation roundtable taskforce. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2017;31(9):793–799. doi:10.1177/1545968317732668.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bertolucci P, Brucki S, Campacci S, Juliano Y. The mini-mental state examination in a general population: impact of educational status. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 1994;52(1):1–7. doi:10.1590/S0004-282X1994000100001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teixeira-Salmela L, Devaraj R, Olney S. Validation of the human activity profile in stroke: a comparison of observed, proxy and self-reported scores. Disabil Rehabil. 2007;29(19):1518–1524. doi:10.1080/09638280601055733.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marzolini S, Oh P, McIlroy W, Brooks D. The feasibility of cardiopulmonary exercise testing for prescribing exercise to people after stroke. Stroke. 2012;43(4):1075–1081. doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.111.635128.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pereira D, Samora G, Alencar M, et al. Teste de esforço cardiopulmonar com protocolo de rampa em adultos com insuficiência cardíaca. Braz J Phy Ther. 2010;14(Supl1):184.
   Google Scholar
• Kaminsky L, Arena R, Myers J. Reference standards for cardiorespiratory fitness measured with cardiopulmonary exercise testing: data from the fitness registry and the importance of exercise national database. Mayo Clin Proc. 2015;90(11):1515–1523. doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2015.07.026.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robergs R, Landwehr R. The surprising history of the “HRmax=220-age” equation. J Exercise Physiol. 2002;5:2.
   Google Scholar
• Bradley J, Howard J, Wallace E, Elborn S. Reliability, repeatability, and sensitivity of the modified shuttle test in adult cystic fibrosis. Chest. 2000;117(6):1666–1671. doi:10.1378/chest.117.6.1666.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Booth S, Adams L. The shuttle walking test: a reproducible method for evaluating the impact of shortness of breath on functional capacity in patients with advanced cancer. Thorax. 2001;56(2):146–150. doi:10.1136/thorax.56.2.146.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Portney L, Watkins M. Foundations of Clinical Research: Applications to Practice. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson/Prentice Hall; 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Munro B. Statistical Methods for Health Care Research. 5th. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2005.
   Google Scholar
• Singh S, Moiz J, Ali M, Reliability TD. Validity, and responsiveness of the incremental shuttle walk test in patients with interstitial lung disease. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2018;38(6):425–429. doi:10.1097/HCR.0000000000000327.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilkinson T, Xenophontos S, Gould D, et al. Test-retest reliability, validation, and “minimal detectable change” scores for frequently reported tests of objective physical function in patients with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease. Physiother Theory Pract. 2019;35(6):565–576. doi:10.1080/09593985.2018.1455249.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Vet H, Terwee C, Mokkink L, Knol D. Measurement in Medicine: A Practical Guide (Practical Guides to Biostatistics and Epidemiology). First published. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2011.
   Google Scholar