A test of safety, violence prevention, and civility climate domain-specific relationships with relevant workplace hazards

References

• Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). [Internet]. Employer-reported workplace injuries and illnesses, 2014. 2015 Oct 29. Available from: http://www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/osh.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Kessler SR, Spector PE, Chang C-H, Parr AD. Organizational violence and aggression: development of the three-factor violence climate survey. Work Stress. 2008;22:108–124.10.1080/02678370802187926
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ottinot RC. The development and validation of the perceived Workplace Civility Climate Scale [Master’s thesis]. Tampa, FL: University of South Florida; 2008.
   Google Scholar
• Beus JM, Payne SC, Bergman ME, Arthur W Jr. Safety climate and injuries: an examination of theoretical and empirical relationships. J Appl Psychol. 2010;95:713–727.10.1037/a0019164
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spector PE, Coulter ML, Stockwell HG, Matz MW. Perceived violence climate: a new construct and its relationship to workplace physical violence and verbal aggression, and their potential consequences. Work Stress. 2007;21:117–130.10.1080/02678370701410007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang L-Q, Spector PE, Chang C-H, Gallant-Roman M, Powell J. Psychosocial precursors and physical consequences of workplace violence towards nurses: a longitudinal examination with naturally occurring groups in hospital settings. Int J Nurs Stud. 2012;49(9):1091.10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.03.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zohar D. A group-level model of safety climate: testing the effect of group climate on microaccidents in manufacturing jobs. J Appl Psychol. 2000;85(4):587–596.10.1037/0021-9010.85.4.587
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ottinot RC. A multi-level study investigating the impact of workplace civility climate on incivility and employee well-being [PhD thesis]. Tampa, FL: University of South Florida; 2010.
   Google Scholar
• Andersson LM, Pearson CM. Tit for tat? The spiraling effect of incivility in the workplace. Acad Manage Rev. 1999;24:452–471.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ayranci U, Yenilmez C, Balci Y, Kaptanoglu C. Identification of violence in Turkish health care settings. J Interpers Violence. 2006;21:276–296.10.1177/0886260505282565
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) [Internet]. Safety and health topics: a business case for safety and health. [cited 2014 Dec 14]. Available from: https://www.osha.gov/dcsp/products/topics/businesscase/costs.html
   Google Scholar
• Schat ACH, Kelloway EK. Workplace aggression. In: Barling J, Kelloway EK, Frone MR, editors. Handbook of work stress. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage; 2004; pp. 189–218.
   Google Scholar
• Boyd N. Violence in the workplace in British Columbia: a preliminary investigation. Can J Criminol. 1995;37:491–519.
   Google Scholar
• Lim S, Lee A. Work and nonwork outcomes of workplace incivility: does family support help? J Occup Health Psychol. 2011;16:95–111.10.1037/a0021726
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schat ACH, Frone MR. Exposure to psychological aggression at work and job performance: the mediating role of job attitudes and personal health. Work Stress. 2011;25:23–40.10.1080/02678373.2011.563133
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zohar D, Luria G. A multilevel model of safety climate: cross-level relationships between organization and group-level climates. J Appl Psychol. 2005;90(4):616–628.10.1037/0021-9010.90.4.616
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neal A, Griffin MA. A study of the lagged relationships among safety climate, safety motivation, safety behavior, and accidents at the individual and group levels. J Appl Psychol. 2006;91:946–953.10.1037/0021-9010.91.4.946
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neal A, Griffin MA. Perceptions of safety at work: developing a model to link organizational safety climate and individual behavior. Paper presented at: The 12th Annual Conference of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology; 1997; St. Louis, MO.
   Google Scholar
• Chang C-H, Eatough EM, Spector PE, Kessler SR. Violence-prevention climate, exposure to violence and aggression, and prevention behavior: a mediation model. J Organ Behav Manage. 2011;33:657–677.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ajzen I, Fishbein M. Attitude-behaviour relationships: a theoretical analysis and review of empirical research. Psychol Bull. 1997;84:888–918.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [Internet]. Distribution of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses and musculoskeletal disorders involving days away from work by industry sector, private industry, 2007. [updated 2009 Sept 9; cited 2014 Dec 14 ]. Available from: http://wwwn.cdc.gov/niosh-survapps/echartbook/Chart.aspx?id=1305&cat=574
   Google Scholar
• Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) [Internet]. Survey of workplace violence prevention, 2005. [ cited 2006 Oct 27]. Available from: http://www.bls.gov/iif/oshwc/osnr0026.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Hahn S, Murphy L. A short scale for measuring safety climate. Saf Sci. 2008;46(7):1047–1066.10.1016/j.ssci.2007.06.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuorinka I, Jonsson B, Kilbom A, Vinterberg H, Biering-Sørensen F, Andersson G, et al. Standardised nordic questionnaires for the analysis of musculoskeletal symptoms. Appl Ergon. 1987;18(3):233–237.10.1016/0003-6870(87)90010-X
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayes BE, Perander J, Smecko T, Trask J. Measuring Perceptions of Workplace Safety. J Safety Res. 1998;29:145–161.10.1016/S0022-4375(98)00011-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neuman JH, Keashly L. Development of the Workplace Aggression Research Questionnaire (WAR-Q): preliminary data from the Workplace Stress and Aggression Project. Paper presented at: The annual meeting of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology; 2004 April 4; Chicago, IL.
   Google Scholar
• Penney LM, Spector PE. Job stress, incivility, and counterproductive work behavior (CWB): the moderating role of negative affectivity. J Organ Behav. 2005;26(7):777–796.10.1002/(ISSN)1099-1379
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spector PE, Jex SM. Development of four self-report measures of job stressors and strain: interpersonal conflict at work scale, organizational constraints scale, quantitative workload inventory, and physical symptoms inventory. J Occup Health Psychol. 1998;3(4):356–367.10.1037/1076-8998.3.4.356
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Browne MW, Cudeck R. Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In: Bollen KA, Long JS, editors. Testing structural equation models. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage; 1993; pp. 136–162.
   Google Scholar
• Hu L, Bentler PM. Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Struct Equ Modeling. 1999;6:1–55.10.1080/10705519909540118
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson JW. A Heuristic Method for estimating the relative weight of predictor variables in multiple regression. Multivariate Behav Res. 2000;35:1–19.10.1207/S15327906MBR3501_1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson JW, Lebreton JM. History and use of relative importance indices in organizational research. Organ Res Methods. 2004;7:238–257.10.1177/1094428104266510
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tonidandel S, LeBreton JM. Relative Importance Analysis: A Useful Supplement to Regression Analysis. J Bus Psychol. 2011;26:1–9.10.1007/s10869-010-9204-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Le H, Schmidt FL, Harter JK, Lauver kJ. The problem of empirical redundancy of constructs in organizational research: an empirical investigation. Organ Behav Hum Dec. 2010;112:112–125.10.1016/j.obhdp.2010.02.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang L-Q, Spector PE, Chang C-H, Gallant-Roman M, Powell J. Psychosocial precursors and physical consequences of workplace violence towards nurses: a longitudinal examination with naturally occurring groups in hospital settings. Int J Nurs Stud. 2012;49(9):1091.10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.03.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spector, PE, Yang, L-Q, Zhou, ZE. A longitudinal investigation of the role of violence prevention climate in exposure to workplace physical violence and verbal abuse. Work & Stress. 2015;29(4):325–340.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar