Does Structural Commonality of Metal Complex Formation by PAC-1 (anticancer), DHBNH (anti-HIV), AHL (autoinducer), and UCS1025A (anticancer) Denote Mechanistic Similarity? Signal Transduction and Medical Aspects

REFERENCES

• Kovacic P, Becvar L E. Mode of action of anti-infective agents: Focus on oxidative stress and electron transfer. Curr Pharmaceut Des 2000; 6: 143–167
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kovacic P, Osuna J A. Mechanisms of anti-cancer agents: Emphasis on oxidative stress and electron transfer. Curr Pharmaceut Des 2000; 6: 277–309
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kovacic P, Jacintho J D. Mechanisms of carcinogenesis: Focus on oxidative stress and electron transfer. Curr Med Chem 2001; 8: 773–796
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kovacic P, Jacintho J D. Reproductive toxins: Pervasive theme of oxidative stress and electron transfer. Curr Med Chem 2001; 8: 863–892
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kovacic P, Sacman A, Wu-Weiss M. Nephrotoxins: Widespread role of oxidative stress and electron transfer. Curr Med Chem 2002; 9: 823–847
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poli G, Cheeseman K H, Dianzani M U, Slater T F. Free Radicals in the Pathogenesis of Liver Injury. Pergamon, New York 1989
   Google Scholar
• Kovacic P, Somanathan R. Neurotoxicity: The broad framework of electron transfer, oxidative stress and protection by antioxidants. Curr Med Chem-CNS Agents 2005; 5: 249–258
   Google Scholar
• Kovacic P, Thurn L A. Cardiovascular toxins from the perspective of oxidative stress and electron transfer. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2005; 3: 107–118
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kovacic P, Pozos R S, Somanathan R, Shangari N, O'Brien P J. Mechanism of mitochondrial uncouplers, inhibitors and toxins: Focus on electron transfer, free radicals and structure-activity relationships. Curr Med Chem 2005; 12: 2601–2624
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kovacic P, Cooksy A L. Unifying mechanism for toxicity and addiction by abused drugs: electron transfer and reactive oxygen species. Med Hypotheses 2005; 64: 357–366
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Halliwell B, Gutteridge J MC. Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine. Oxford University Press, New York 1999
   Google Scholar
• Putt K S, Chen G W, Pearson J M, Sandhorst J S, Hoagland M S, Kwon J-T, Hwang S-K, Jin H, Churchwell M I, Cho M-H, Doerge D R, Helferich W G, Hergenrother P J. Small-molecule activation of procaspase-3 to caspase-3 as a personalized anticancer strategy. Nature Chem Biol 2006; 2: 543–550
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noblia P, Vieites M, Parajon-Costa B S, Baran E J, Cerecetto H, Draper P, Gonzalez M, Piro O E, Castellano E E, Azqueta M, Lopez de Cerain A, Monge-Vega A, Gambino D. Vanadium (V) complexes with salicylaldehyde semicarbazone derivatives bearing in vitro anti-tumor activity toward kidney tumor cells (TK-10): crystal structure of [VVO2(5-bromosalicylaldehyde semicarbazone)]. J Inorg Biochem 2005; 99: 443–451
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Himmel D M, Sarafianos S G, Dharmasena S, Hossain M M, McCoy-Simandle K, Ilina T, Clark A D, Knight J L, Julias J G, Clark P K, Krogh-Jespersen K, Levy R M, Hughes S H, Parniak M A, Arnold E. HIV-1 reverse transcriptase structure with R Nase H inhibitor dihydroxy benzoyl naphthyl hydrazone bound at a novel site. ACS Chem Biol 2006; 1: 702–712
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geske G, Wezeman R J, Siegel A P, Blackwell H E. Small molecule inhibitors of bacterial quorum sensing and biofilm formation. J Am Chem Soc 2005; 27: 112762–112763
   Google Scholar
• Blackwell H E. Bacterial crowd control with iron. Chem Biol 2005; 12: 721–723
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Musk D J, Banko D A, Hergenrother P J. Iron salts perturb biofilm formation and disrupt existing films of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Chem Biol 2005; 12: 789–796
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu T, Ramesh A, Ma Z, Ward S K, Zhang L, George G N, Talaat A M, Sacchettini J C, Giedroc D P. CsoR is a novel Mycobacterium tuberculosis copper-sensing transcriptional regulator. Nature Chem Biol 2006; 3: 60–68
   Google Scholar
• Hynes M J, Clarke E M. Reactions of metal ions with β-ketoamides. J Chem Soc Perkin Trans 2 1998; 1263–1267
   Google Scholar
• Bainton N J, Bycroft B W, Chhabra S R, Stead P, Gledhill L, Hill P J, Rees C ED, Winson M K, Salmond G PC, Stewart G SAB, Williams P. A general role for the lux autoinducer in bacterial cell signaling: control of antibiotic biosynthesis in Erwinia. Gene 1992; 116: 87–91
   Google Scholar
• Lambert T H, Danishefsky S J. Total synthesis of UCS1025A. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128: 426–427, (and reference 2 therein)
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manso J A, Perez-Prior M T, del Pilar Garcia-Santos M, Calle E, Casado J. A kinetic approach to the alkylating potential of carcinogenic lactones. Chem Res Toxicol 2005; 18: 1161–1166
   Google Scholar
• Kovacic P, Pozos R S. Cell signaling (mechanism and reproductive toxicity): Redox chains, radicals, electrons, relays, conduit, electrochemistry and other medical implications. Birth Defects Res (Part C) 2007; 78: 333–344, (references therein)
   Google Scholar
• Kovacic P. Unifying mechanism for bacterial cell signalers (4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione, lactones and oligopeptides): Electron transfer and reactive oxygen species. Practical medical features. Med Hypotheses 2007; 69: 1105–1110
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Leonard S S, Harris G K, Shi X. Metal-induced oxidative stress and signal transduction. Free Radic Biol Med 2004; 37: 1921–1942
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang H, Fu K, Andrews G K. Gene and cell-type-specific effects of signal transduction cascades on metal-regulated transcription appear to be independent of changes in the phosphorylation of metal-response-element-binding transcription factor-1. Biochem J 2004; 382: 33–41
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ralston D M, O'Halloran T V. Metalloregulatory proteins and molecular mechanisms of heavy metal signal transduction. Adv Inorg Biochem 1990; 8: 1–31
   Google Scholar
• Wosten M M, Kox L F, Chamnongpol S, Soncini F C, Groisman E A. A signal transduction system that responds to extracellular iron. Cell 2000; 103: 113–125
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hidalgo E, Ding H, Demple B. Redox signal transduction via iron-sulfur clusters in the SoxR transcription activator. Trends Biochem Sci 1997; 22: 207–210
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson W T. Copper and signal transduction: Platelets as a model to determine the role of copper in stimulus-response coupling. Biofactors 1999; 10: 53–59
   Google Scholar
• Carri M T, Ferri A, Casciati A, Celsi F, Ciriolo M R, Rotilio G. Copper-dependent oxidative stress, alteration of signal transduction and neurodegeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Funct Neurol 2001; 16: 181–188
   Google Scholar
• Gomez-Garcia L, Sanchez F M, Vallejo-Cremades M T, de Segura I A, del Campo Ede M. Direct activation of telomerase by GH via phosphatidylinositol 3′ -kinase. J Endocrinol 2005; 185: 421–428
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maida Y, Kyo S, Kanaya T, Wang Z, Yatabe N, Tanaka M, Nakamura M, Ohmichi M, Gotoh N, Murakami S, Inoue M. Direct activation of telomerase by EGF through Ets-mediated transactivation of TERT via MAP kinase signaling pathway. Oncogene 2002; 21: 4071–4079
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buchkovich K J, Greider C W. Telomerase regulation during entry into the cell cycle in normal human T cells. Mol Biol Cell 1996; 7: 1443–1454
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dudognon C, Pendino F, Hillion J, Saumet A, Lanotte M, Segal-Bendirdjian E. Death receptor signaling regulatory function for telomerase: hTERT abolishes TRAIL-induced apoptosis, independently of telomere maintenance. Oncogene 2004; 23: 7469–7474
   Google Scholar
• Nanni S, Narducci M, Della Pietra L, Moretti F, Grasselli A, De Carli P, Sacchi A, Pontecorvi A, Farsetti A. Signaling through estrogen receptors modulates telomerase activity in human prostate cancer. J Clin Invest 2002; 110: 219–227
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pawelec G. Hypothesis: Loss of telomerase inducibility and subsequent replicative senescence in cultured human T cells is a result of altered costimulation. Mech Ageing Dev 2000; 121: 181–185
   Google Scholar
• Igarashi H, Sakaguchi N. Telomerase activity is induced in human peripheral B lymphocytes by the stimulation to antigen receptor. Blood 1997; 89: 1299–1307
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Igarashi H, Sakaguchi N. Telomerase activity is induced by the stimulation to antigen receptor in human peripheral lymphocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1996; 219: 649–655
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kawabata Y, Hirokawa M, Kitabayashi A, Horiuchi T, Kuroki J, Miura A B. Defective apoptotic signal transduction pathway downstream of caspase-3 in human B-lymphoma cells: A novel mechanism of nuclear apoptosis resistance. Blood 1999; 94: 3523–3530
   Google Scholar
• Yang G, Lin S M, Zhao W K. Effect of TX0201 on expression of the apoptosis signal transduction molecule caspase-3 and apoptosis associated genes bcl-2 and bax mRNA in brain tissue of rat analogue model of Alzheimer's disease. Chin J Integr Trad West Med 2006; 26: 147–151
   Google Scholar
• Chen X, Wang L L, Cai B, Chen J, Feng W H. Role of Fas-FasL and caspase-3 signal transduction pathway in promoting apoptosis of T lymphocyte subset in SLE patients. Chin J Cell Mol Immunol 2006; 22: 588–590
   Google Scholar
• Li G, Xiang Y, Sabapathy K, Silverman R H. An apoptotic signaling pathway in the interferon antiviral response mediated by RNase L and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase. J Biol Chem 2004; 279: 1123–1131
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flodstrom-Tullberg M, Hultcrantz M, Stotland A, Maday A, Tsai D, Fine C, Williams B, Silverman R, Sarvetnick N. RNase L and double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase exert complementary roles in islet cell defense during coxsackievirus infection. J Immunol 2005; 174: 1171–1177
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malathi K, Paranjape J M, Bulanova E, Shim M, Guenther-Johnson J M, Faber P W, Eling T E, Williams B R, Silverman R H. A transcriptional signaling pathway in the IFN system mediated by 2′-5′-oligoadenylate activation of RNase L. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005; 102: 14533–14538
   Google Scholar
• Carr D J, Al-khatib K, James C M, Silverman R. Interferon-beta suppresses herpes simplex virus type 1 replication in trigeminal ganglion cells through an RNase L-dependent pathway. J Neuroimmunol 2003; 141: 40–46
   Google Scholar
• Bettoun D J, Scafonas A, Rutledge S J, Hodor P, Chen O, Gambone C, Vogel R, McElwee-Witmer S, Bai C, Freedman L, Schmidt A. Interaction between the androgen receptor and RNase L mediates cross-talk between the interferon and androgen signaling pathways. J Biol Chem 2005; 280: 38898–38901
   Google Scholar
• Rice S A, McDougald D, Kumar N, Kjelleberg S. The use of quorom-sensing blockers as therapeutic agents for the control of biofilm-associated infections. Curr Opin Investig Drugs 2005; 6: 178–184
   PubMedGoogle Scholar