304
Views
4
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Assessment and Monitoring of Persistent Toxic Substances

An Assessment of Toxic Substances Pollution in the Hong Kong Marine Environment

, &
Pages 339-362 | Published online: 18 Jan 2007

REFERENCES

  • Aguilar , A and Borrell , A . 2005 . DDT and PCB reduction in the western Mediterranean from 1987 to 2002, as shown by levels in striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) . Mar Pollut Bull , 59 : 291 – 404 . [CSA]
  • ANZECC and ARMCANZ . 1999 . Australian and New Zealand Guidelines for Fresh and Marine Water Quality—Summary , Draft report Australian and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council, and Agriculture and Resource Management Council of Australia and New Zealand .
  • Blake , N , Brock , T CM Maltby , L . Data selection for and interpretation of SSD curves for pesticides with different modes of action . SETAC Europe 12th Annual Meeting 2002 . May 12–16 2002 , Vienna , Austria. Brussels , , Belgium : SETAC . Meeting Abstracts, 60-07
  • CCME (Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment) . 1999 . “ Canadian water quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic life: summary table ” . In Canadian Environmental Quality Guidelines Winnipeg , , Canada
  • CH2M HILL (China) Limited . 2001 . “ Field Survey and Laboratory Testing Programme ” . In A Study of Toxic Substances Pollution in Hong Kong Technical Note No. 3a. Agreement No. CE 22/99
  • DEFRA (Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs) . Addressing Interspecific Variation in Sensitivity and the Potential to Reduce This Source of Uncertainty in Ecotoxicological Assessments . July 31 , London , UK. Report No. PN0932
  • DiToro , D D , Zarba , C S Hansen , D J . 1991 . Technical basis for establishing sediment quality criteria for nonionic organic chemicals using equilibrium partitioning . Environ Toxicol Chem , 10 : 1541 – 83 . [CSA]
  • ECOFRAM . June 1999 . ECOFRAM Aquatic and Terrestrial Final Draft Reports June , Available at http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/ecorisk/index.htm
  • Environment Canada . 1994 . Canadian ARET Accelerated Reduction/Elimination Toxic Substances Initiatives . Environment Canada , [CSA]  (Either page or author must be supplied)
  • Environment Canada . 1999 . “ Canadian Environmental Protection Act Priority Substances Lists 1 and 2, and Schedules I–III Toxic Substances List ” . Available at http://www.ec.gc.ca/CEPARegistry/subs_list/,
  • EPD (Environmental Protection Department) . 2004 . Marine Water Quality in Hong Kong in 2003 , Hong Kong : HKSAR Government . EPD/TR2/04
  • EC (European Commission) . 1976 . EU List 1 Substances and EU List 2 Substances (Under EC Directive 76/464/EEC)
  • EC (European Commission) . 2000 . EU Proposed List for Hazardous Substances in Water (Under EC Directive 2000/60/EEC)
  • Giddings , J M , Solomon , K R and Maund , S J. 2001 . Probabilistic risk assessment of cotton pyrethroids: II. Aquatic mesocosm and field studies . Environ Toxicol Chem , 20 : 660 – 8 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • Japan Environment Agency . 1993 . Environmental Quality Standards for Water Pollution
  • Loganathan , B G and Kannan , K . 1994 . Global organochlorine contamination trends: an overview . Ambio , 23 : 187 – 91 . [CSA]
  • Long , E R , Macdonald , D D Smith , S L . 1995 . Incidence of adverse biological effects within ranges of chemical concentrations in marine and estuarine sediments . Environ Manage , 19 ( 1 ) : 81 – 97 . [CSA]
  • Luo , X J , Mai , B X Yang , Q S . 2004 . Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organochlorine pesticides in water columns from the Pearl River and the Macao harbour in the Pearl River Delta in South China . Mar Pollut Bull , 48 : 1102 – 15 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • Mackay , D . 1991 . Multimedia Environmental Models, The Fugacity Approach , Chelsea, MI , , USA : Lewis Publishers .
  • McPherson , C A and Chapman , P M . 2002 . Copper effects on potential sediment test organisms: the importance of appropriate sensitivity . Mar Pollut Bull , 40 : 656 – 65 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • MOEE (Ontario Ministry of the Environment & Energy) . 1992 . Ontario Ministry of the Environment & Energy List of Candidate Substances for Bans and Phase-outs Ontario , , Canada
  • Murdoch , A and Azcue , J M . 1995 . Manual of Aquatic Sediment Sampling , Boca Raton, FL , , USA : Lewis publishers .
  • NHMRC (National Health and Medical Research Council) . 1996 . National Water Quality Management Strategy: Australian Drinking Water Guidelines 1996 Australia
  • NRC (National Research Council) . 1983 . Risk Assessment in the Federal Government: Managing the Process , Washington, DC , , USA : National Academy Press .
  • OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) . 1987 . Decision Recommendation of the Council on the Systematic Investigation of Existing Chemicals . C ( 87 ) : 90 (Final)[CSA]
  • Parsons , E CM . 1998 . Trace metal pollution in Hong Kong: implication for the health of Hong Kong's Indo-Pacific hump-backed dolphins (Sousa chinensis) . Sci Total Environ , 214 : 173 – 84 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • SEPA (State Environmental Protection Administration) . 1997 . Marine Water Quality Standard (GB3097-1997) China
  • Solomon , K R and Takacs , P . 2001 . “ Probabilistic risk assessment using species sensitivity distributions ” . In Species Sensitivity Distributions in Risk Assessment , Edited by: Posthuma , L , Traas , T and Suter , G W . 285 – 313 . Boca Raton, FL , , USA : CRC Press .
  • Suter , G W , Barnthouse , L W Bartell , S M . 1993 . Ecological Risk Assessment , Boca Raton, FL , , USA : Lewis Publishers .
  • UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme) . 2002 . Ridding the World of POPs: A Guide to the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants , Geneva , , Switzerland : Interim Secretariat of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants .
  • USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency) . 1986 . Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment Washington, DC , , USA
  • USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency) . 1989a . “ Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund: Volume 1—Human Health Evaluation Manual (Part A). Interim Final ” . Washington DC , , USA : Office of Emergency and Remedial Response .
  • USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency) . 1989b . Assessing Human Health Risks from Chemically Contaminated Fish and Shellfish: A Guidance Manual Washington DC , , USA
  • USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency) . 1992 . Framework for Ecological Risk Assessment Washington DC , , USA (EPA/630/R-92/001)
  • USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency) . 1994 . “ Chemical Hazard Evaluation for Management Strategies. A Method for Ranking & Scoring Chemicals by Potential Human Health & Environmental Impacts ” . Washington DC , , USA : Office of Research & Development . (EPA/600/R-94/177)
  • USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency) . 1998a . Guidelines for Ecological Risk Assessment (EPA/630/R-95/002F), Risk Assessment Forum (EPA/600/R-94/177)
  • USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency) . 1998b . “ Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP), Policy for Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), Subtitle C Corrective Action Process—Appendix C: Ecological Data Quality Levels (EDQLs) for Surface Water ” . (EPA/600/R-94/177)
  • USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency) . 1999 . National Recommended Water Quality Criteria—Correction EPA 822-Z-99-001. Office of Water EPA 822-Z-99-001
  • USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency) . 2002 . Environmental Effects Database (EEDB) , Washington, DC , , USA : ECOTOX Database System, Office of Pesticide Programs, Environmental Fate and Effects Division . Available at http://www.epa.gov/ecotox
  • US Federal Register . United States Federal Register . December 21 1988 . Vol. 53 , No. 245, Proposed Rules

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.