Factors affecting the nitrate concentration and its health risk assessment in drinking groundwater by application of Monte Carlo simulation and geographic information system

References

• Ahada CPS and Suthar S. 2018. Groundwater nitrate contamination and associated human health risk assessment in southern districts of Punjab, India. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 25:25336–47.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amouei A, Mahvi A, and Mohammadi A. 2012a. Physical and chemical quality assessment of potable groundwater in rural areas of Khaf, Iran. World Appl Sci J 18:693–7.
   Google Scholar
• Amouei A, Mohammadi A, Koshki Z, et al. 2012b. Nitrate and nitrite in available bottled water in Babol (Mazandaran; Iran) In Summer 2010. J Babol Univ Med Sci 14:64–70.
   Google Scholar
• Anornu G, Gibrilla A, and Adomako D. 2017. Tracking nitrate sources in groundwater and associated health risk for rural communities in the White Volta River Basin of Ghana using isotopic approach. Sci Total Environ 603:687–98.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asghari FB, Pakdel M, Mohammadi AA, et al. 2019. Spatial and temporal variation of physicochemical and microbial quality of drinking water for the distribution network in Maku, Iran. Desalin Water Treat 142:82–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Azhdarpoor A, Radfard M, Pakdel M, et al. 2019. Assessing fluoride and nitrate contaminants in drinking water resources and their health risk assessment in a semiarid region of Southwest Iran. Desalin Water Treat 149:43–51.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Azhdarpoor A, Radfard M, Rahmatinia M, et al. 2018. Data on health risk assessment of fluoride in drinking water in the Khash city of Sistan and Baluchistan province, Iran. Data Brief 21:1508–13.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Badeenezhad A, Emamjomeh MM, Farzadkia M, et al. 2017. Nitrite and nitrate concentrations in the drinking groundwater of Shiraz city, south-central Iran by statistical models. Iran J Public Health 46:1275–84.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Badeenezhad A, Abbasi F, and Shahsavani S. 2019. Performance of household water desalinations devices and health risks assessment of fluorides (f−) and nitrate (no3−) in input and output water of the devices in Behbahan city southwest Iran. Hum Ecol Risk Assess 25:217–29.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Badeenezhad A and Azhdarpoor A. 2019. Efficiency of the activated carbon and clinoptilolite particles coated with iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles in removal of methylene blue. Desalin Water Treat 154:347–55.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bay A, Ali S, Ghezelsofla M, et al. 2018. Dataset on non-carcinogenic risk via nitrate and nitrite in the groundwater of Divandarreh county, Kurdistan province, Iran: a potential concern for drinking. Data Brief 20:1822–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen S, Wu W, Hu K, et al. 2010. The effects of land use change and irrigation water resource on nitrate contamination in shallow groundwater at county scale. Ecol Complex 7:131–8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ducci D. 2018. An easy-to-use method for assessing nitrate contamination susceptibility in groundwater. Hindawi Geofluids 3:1–12.
   Google Scholar
• Fallahzadeh RA, Khosravi R, Dehdashti B, et al. 2018. Spatial distribution variation and probabilistic risk assessment of exposure to chromium in ground water supplies; a case study in the east of Iran. Food Chem Toxicol 115:260–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hansen B, Thorling L, Schullehner J, et al. 2017. Groundwater nitrate response to sustainable nitrogen management. Sci Rep 7:1–12.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu G, Xu Z, Li J, et al. 2018. Health risk assessment on drinking water in Shenzhen. ODEM 06:71–80.
   Google Scholar
• Meghdadi A and Javar N. 2018. Quantification of spatial and seasonal variations in the proportional contribution of nitrate sources using a multi-isotope approach and bayesian isotope mixing model. Environ Pollut 235:207–22.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neisi A, Mirzabeygi M, Zeyduni G, et al. 2018. Data on fluoride concentration levels in cold and warm season in city area of Sistan and Baluchistan province, Iran. Data Brief 18:713–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pastén-Zapata E, Ledesma-Ruiz R, Harter T, et al. 2014. Assessment of sources and fate of nitrate in shallow groundwater of an agricultural area by using a multi-tracer approach. Sci Total Environ 470:855–64.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qasemi M, Afsharnia M, Farhang MB, et al. 2018. Health risk assessment of nitrate exposure in groundwater of rural areas of Gonabad and Bajestan, Iran. Environ Earth Sci 77:551–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Radfard M, Gholizadeh A, Azhdarpoor A, et al. 2019. Health risk assessment to fluoride and nitrate in drinking water of rural residents living in the Bardaskan city, arid region, southeastern Iran. Desalin Water Treat 145:249–56.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sajedi-Hosseini F, Malekian A, Choubin B, et al. 2018. A novel machine learning-based approach for the risk assessment of nitrate groundwater contamination. Sci Total Environ 644:954–62.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shams M, Mohamadi A, and Sajadi SA. 2012. Evaluation of corrosion and scaling potential of water in rural water supply distribution networks of Tabas. Iran. World Appl Sci J 17:1484–9.
   Google Scholar
• Slater JM and Capone DG. 1987. Denitrification in aquifer soil and nearshore marine sediments influenced by groundwater nitrate. Appl Environ Microbiol 53:1292–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soleimani H, Nasri O, Ojaghi B, et al. 2018. Data on drinking water quality using water quality index (WQI) and assessment of groundwater quality for irrigation purposes in Qorveh & Dehgolan, Kurdistan, Iran. Data Brief 20:375–86.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Su X, Wang H, and Zhang Y. 2013. Health risk assessment of nitrate contamination in groundwater: a case study of an agricultural area in northeast China. Water Resour Manage 27:3025–34.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swartz CH, Rudel RA, Kachajian JR, et al. 2003. Historical reconstruction of wastewater and land use impacts to groundwater used for public drinking water: exposure assessment using chemical data and GIS. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 13:403–16.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang L and Burke SP. 2017. A catchment-scale method to simulating the impact of historical nitrate loading from agricultural land on the nitrate-concentration trends in the sandstone aquifers in the Eden Valley, UK. Sci Total Environ 579:133–48.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang L, Stuart ME, Lewis MA, et al. 2016. The changing trend in nitrate concentrations in major aquifers due to historical nitrate loading from agricultural land across England and Wales from 1925 to 2150. Sci Total Environ 542:694–705.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang S, Zheng W, Currell M, et al. 2017. Relationship between land-use and sources and fate of nitrate in groundwater in a typical recharge area of the North China Plain. Sci Total Environ 609:607–20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wick K, Heumesser C, and Schmid E. 2012. Groundwater nitrate contamination: factors and indicators. J Environ Manage 111:178–86.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu J and Sun Z. 2016. Evaluation of shallow groundwater contamination and associated human health risk in an alluvial plain impacted by agricultural and industrial activities, Mid-West China. Expo Health 8:311–29.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang S, Wang Y, Liu R, et al. 2017. Efect of nitrate leaching caused by swine manure application in fields of the Yellow River irrigation zone of Ningxia, China. Sci Rep 7(1):954.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yang S, Wang Y, Liu R, et al. 2018. Effects of straw application on nitrate leaching in fields in the Yellow River irrigation zone of Ningxia, China. Sci Rep 8:954.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yousefi M, Asghari FB, Zuccarello P, et al. 2019a. Spatial distribution variation and probabilistic risk assessment of exposure to fluoride in ground water supplies: a case study in an endemic fluorosis region of Northwest Iran. Int J Environ Res Public Health 16:564–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yousefi M, Ghalehaskar S, Asghari FB, et al. 2019b. Distribution of fluoride contamination in drinking water resources and health risk assessment using geographic information system, Northwest Iran. Regul Toxicol Pharm 107:104–8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yousefi M, Moghaddam VK, Nasab SM, et al. 2019c. Northwest of Iran as an endemic area in terms of fluoride contamination: a case study on the correlation of fluoride concentration with physicochemical characteristics of groundwater sources in Showt. Desalin Water Treat 155:183–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yousefi M, Saleh HN, Yaseri M, et al. in press. Association of consumption of excess hard water, body mass index and waist circumference with risk of hypertension in individuals living in hard and soft water areas. Environ Geochem Health 1–9 [in press]
   Google Scholar
• Zhai Y, Zhao X, Teng Y, et al. 2017. Groundwater nitrate pollution and human health risk assessment by using HHRA model in an agricultural area, Ne China. Ecotox Environ Safe 137:130–42.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar