Smokeless Tobacco and the Rural Teen: How Culture and Masculinity Contribute to Adolescent Use

References

• Agaku, I. T., Ayo-Yusuf, O. A., Vardavas, C. I., Alpert, H. R., & Connolly, G. N. (2013). Use of conventional and novel smokeless tobacco products among US adolescents. Pediatrics, 132, e578–e586. doi:10.1542/peds.2013-0843
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alcalde, C. (2011). Masculinities in motion latino men and violence in kentucky. Men and Masculinities, 14, 450–469. doi:10.1177/1097184X10376743
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arrazola, R. A., Singh, T., Corey, C. G., Husten, C. G., Neff, L. J., Apelberg, B. J., … Caraballo, R. S. (2015). Tobacco use among middle and high school students – United States. Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report, 64, 381–385.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bird, S. R. (1996). Welcome to the men‘s club: Homosociality and the maintenance of hegemonic masculinity. Gender & Society, 10(2), 120–132. doi:10.1177/089124396010002002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bye, L. M. (2009). How to be a rural man’: Young men‘s performances and negotiations of rural masculinities. Journal of Rural Studies, 25(3), 278–288. doi:10.1016/j.jrurstud.2009.03.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell, H., Bell, M., & Finney, M. (2006). Country boys: Masculinity and rural life. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2018, January). 1991-2013 high school youth risk behavior survey data. Accessed, 29, 2018. Available at http://nccd.cdc.gov/youthonline/
   Google Scholar
• Chaffee, B. W., Couch, E. T., & Walsh, M. M. (2015). Smokeless tobacco in sport and use among adolescents. UCSF: Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education. Retrieved from https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6rc6v9t2
   Google Scholar
• Cohen-Smith, D., & Severson, H. H. (1999). A comparison of male and female smokeless tobacco use. Nicotine & Tobacco Research: Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 1(3), 211–218.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Connell, R. W., & Messerschmidt, J. W. (2005). Hegemonic masculinity: Rethinking the concept. Gender & Society, 19, 829–859. doi:10.1177/0891243205278639
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Couch, E. T., Darius, E., Walsh, M. M., & Chafee, B. W. (2017). Smokeless tobacco decision making among rural adolescent males in California. Journal of Community Health, 42, 544–550. doi:10.1007/s10900-016-0286-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Courtenay, W. H. (2000). Constructions of masculinity and their influence on men’s well-being: A theory of gender and health. Social Science & Medicine, 50(10), 1385–1401. doi:10.1016/S0277-9536(99)00390-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Courtenay, W. H. (2006). Rural Men‘s Health: Situating risk in the negotiation of masculinity. In (Ed.), Hugh campbell, michael mayerfeld bell and margaret finney (pp. 139–158). Country Boys: Masculinity and Rural Life. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Francis, D. B., Mason, N., Ross, J. C., & Noar, S. M. (2018). Impact of pictorial tobacco pack warnings on adolescents and young adults: A systematic review. Unpublished manuscript..
   Google Scholar
• Galdas, P. M., Cheater, F., & Marshall, P. (2005). Men and health help-seeking behaviour: Literature review. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 49(6), 616–623. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2004.03331.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haddock, C. K., Weg, M. V., DeBon, M., Klesges, R. C., Talcott, G. W., Lando, H., & Peterson, A. (2001). Evidence that smokeless tobacco use is a gateway for smoking initiation in young adult males. Preventive Medicine, 32(3), 262–267. doi:10.1006/pmed.2000.0802
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Helme, D. W., Cohen, E., & Parrish, A. (2012). Health, masculinity and smokeless tobacco use among college-aged men. Health Communication, 27(5), 467–477. doi:10.1080/10410236.2011.610257
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• International Agency for Research on Cancer. (2007). Smokeless tobacco and some tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines. IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans (Vol. 89). Lyon, France: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Levant, R. F., & Williams, C. M. (2009). The psychology of men and masculinity. In J. H. Bray & M. Stanton (Eds.), The Wiley-Blackwell handbook of family psychology (pp. 588–599). Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.
   Google Scholar
• Levant, R. F., Rogers, B. K., Cruickshank, B., Rankin, T. J., Kurtz, B. A., Rummell, C. M., ...Colbow, A. J. (2012). Exploratory factor analysis and construct validity of the male role norms inventory-adolescent-revised (MRNI-A-r). Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 13(4), 354–366.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, S. T., Nemeth, J. M., Klein, E. G., Ferketich A. K., Kwan, M. P., & Wewers, M. E. (2014). Adolescent and Adult Perceptions of Traditional and Novel Smokeless Tobacco Products and Packaging in Rural Ohio. Tobacco Control, 23, 209–214.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Messerschmidt, J. W. (2000). Becoming “Real Men”: Adolescent masculinity challenges and sexual violence. Men and Masculinities, 2(3), 286–307. doi:10.1177/1097184X00002003003
   Google Scholar
• Morris, E. M. (2012). Learning the hard way: Masculinity, place, and the gender gap in education. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers.
   Google Scholar
• National Institute on Drug Abuse (2014). Cigarettes and other tobacco products. Retrieved from http://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/cigarettes-other-tobacco-products on April 1, 2015.
   Google Scholar
• Nemeth, J. M., Liu, S. T., Klein, E. G., Ferketich, A. K., Kwan, M., & Wewers, M. E. (2012). Factors influencing smokeless tobacco use in rural Ohio Appalachia. Journal of Community Health, 37(6), 1208–1217. doi:10.1007/s10900-012-9556-x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ng, N., Weinehall, L., & Ohman, A. (2007). ‘If I don’t smoke, I’m not a real man’ – Indonesian teenage boys’ views about smoking. Health Education Research, 22(6), 794–804. doi:10.1093/her/cyl104
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noar, S. M., Hall, M. G., Francis, D. B., Ribisl, K. M., Pepper, J. K., & Brewer, N. T. (2016). Pictorial cigarette pack warnings: A meta-analysis of experimental studies. Tobacco Control, 25(3), 341–354. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2014-051978
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piano, M. R., Benowitz, N. L., Fitzgerald, G. A., Corbridge, S., Heath, J., Hahn, E., … Howard, G. (2010, Oct). Impact of smokeless tobacco products on cardiovascular disease: Implications for policy, prevention, and treatment. Circulation, 122(15), 1520–1544. doi:10.1161/CIR.0b013e3181f432c3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sabo, D., & Gordon, D. F. (1995). Rethinking men’s health and illness: The relevance of gender studies. In D. Sabo & D. F. Gordon (Eds.), Men’s health and illness: Gender, power and the body (pp. 1–21). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Schrock, D., & Schwalbe, M. (2009). Men, masculinity, and manhood acts. Annual Review of Sociology, 35, 277–295. doi:10.1146/annurev-soc-070308-115933
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Society, A. C. (2013). Cancer Facts & Figures. Atlanta, Ga: American Cancer Society.
   Google Scholar
• Stough-Hunter, A., & Hart, J. (2015). Understanding masculine identity among anti-war veterans. Norma, 10(3–4), 219–235. doi:10.1080/18902138.2015.1102382
   Google Scholar
• Tomar, S. L., Alpert, H. R., & Connolly, G. N. (2010). Patterns of dual use of cigarettes and smokeless tobacco among US males: Findings from national surveys. Tobacco Control. 19, 104–109. doi:10.1136/tc.2009.031070
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• U.S. Census Bureau. (2010). GCT-PH1 - Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - state – county / county equivalent. Retrieved from https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?src=CF
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 1986. The health consequences of using smokeless tobacco: A report of the Advisory Committee to the Surgeon General. NIH publication no. 86–2674. Bethesda, MD: Author. Available from http://profiles.nlm.nih.gov/ps/access/NNBBFC.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Walker, M. W., Evans, S. A., Wimpy, C., Berger, A. T., & Smith, A. A. (2018). Developing smokeless tobacco prevention messaging for at-risk youth: Early lessons from “The Real Cost” smokeless campaign. Health Equity, 2(1), 167–173. doi:10.1089/heq.2018.0029
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Weitzman, B. C., Guttmacher, S., Weinberg, S., & Kapadia, F. (2003). Low response rate schools in surveys of adolescent risk taking behaviours: Possible biases, possible solutions. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 57(1), 63–67. doi:10.1136/jech.57.1.63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wetter, D. W., McClure, J. B., de Moor, C., Cofta-Gunn, L., Cummings, S., Cinciripini, P. M., & Gritz, E. R. (2002). Concomitant use of cigarettes and smokeless tobacco: Prevalence, correlates, and predictors of tobacco cessation. Preventive Medicine, 34, 638–648. doi:10.1006/pmed.2002.1032
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar