292
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Evaluating the Effects of News-following, Volume and Content of News Coverage on Americans’ Risk Perceptions during the 2014-2016 Ebola Outbreak

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon

References

  • Abeysinghe, S. (2016). Ebola at the borders: Newspaper representations and the politics of border control. Third World Quarterly, 37(3), 452–467. doi:10.1080/01436597.2015.1111753
  • Bakir, V. (2010). Media and risk: Old and new research directions. Journal of Risk Research, 13(1), 5–18. doi:10.1080/13669870903135953
  • Barnett, J., & Breakwell, G. M. (2003). The social amplification of risk and the hazard sequence: The October 1995 oral contraceptive pill scare. Health, Risk & Society, 5(3), 301–313. doi:10.1080/13698570310001606996
  • Bryant, J., & Oliver, M. B. (2009). Media Effects: Advances in Theory and Research. New York: Routledge.
  • Buijzen, M., Schuurman, J., & Bomhof, E. (2008). Associations between children’s television advertising exposure and their food consumption patterns: A household diary–survey study. Appetite, 50(2), 231–239. doi:10.1016/j.appet.2007.07.006
  • Cacciatore, M. A., Scheufele, D. A., & Iyengar, S. (2016). The end of framing as we know it … and the future of media effects. Mass Communication and Society, 19(1), 7–23. doi:10.1080/15205436.2015.1068811
  • CDC. (2014). Cases of Ebola diagnosed in the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/outbreaks/2014-west-africa/united-states-imported-case.html
  • CDC. (2016). 2014–2016 Ebola Outbreak in West Africa https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/outbreaks/2014-west-africa/index.html
  • Chaiken, S. (1980). Heuristic versus systematic information processing and the use of source versus message cues in persuasion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39(5), 752. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.39.5.752
  • Chung, J. B., & Yun, G. W. (2013). Media and social amplification of risk: BSE and H1N1 cases in South Korea. Disaster Prevention and Management, 22(2), 148–159. doi:10.1108/09653561311325299
  • Dalrymple, K. E., Young, R., & Tully, M. (2016). “Facts, not fear”: Negotiating uncertainty on social media during the 2014 Ebola crisis. Science Communication, 38(4), 442–467. doi:10.1177/1075547016655546
  • Dixon, G. N., & Clarke, C. E. (2013). Heightening uncertainty around certain science: Media coverage, false balance, and the autism-vaccine controversy. Science Communication, 35(3), 358–382. doi:10.1177/1075547012458290
  • Dudo, A. D., Dahlstrom, M. F., & Brossard, D. (2007). Reporting a potential pandemic: A risk-related assessment of avian influenza coverage in U.S. newspapers. Science Communication, 28(4), 429–454. doi:10.1177/1075547007302211
  • Dugan, A. (2014). One-Fifth of Americans Worry About Getting Ebola. Gallup News. http://news.gallup.com/poll/178097/one-fifth-americans-worry-getting-ebola.aspx
  • Frewer, L. J., Miles, S., & Marsh, R. (2002). The media and genetically modified foods: Evidence in support of social amplification of risk. Risk Analysis, 22(4), 701–711. doi:10.1111/0272-4332.00062
  • Funk, M. J., & McCombs, M. (2017). Strangers on a Theoretical Train. Journalism Studies, 18(7), 845–865. doi:10.1080/1461670X.2015.1099460
  • Gaskell, G. (1999). Worlds apart? The reception of genetically modified foods in Europe and the US. Science, 285(5426), 384–387. doi:10.1126/science.285.5426.384
  • Gerbner, G. (1987). Science on television: How it affects public conceptions. Issues in Science and Technology, 3(3), 109–115.
  • Gesser-Edelsburg, A., & Shir-Raz, Y. (2015). Science vs. fear: The Ebola quarantine debate as a case study that reveals how the public perceives risk. Journal of Risk Research, 20(5), 611–633.
  • Govindarajan, S., Marta, A., Sparano, J. N., & Pollock, J. C. (2020). US Nationwide Coronavirus Newspaper Coverage of Federal/National Government Responses: Community Structure Theory and a “Violated Buffer”. Trípodos. Facultat De Comunicació I Relacions Internacionals Blanquerna-URL, 1(47), 27–48.
  • Gutteling, J. M. (2005). Mazur’s hypothesis on technology controversy and media. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 17(1), 23–41. doi:10.1093/ijpor/edh055
  • Hilton, S., & Hunt, K. (2011). UK newspapers’ representations of the 2009–10 outbreak of swine flu: One health scare not over-hyped by the media? Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 65(10), 941–946. doi:10.1136/jech.2010.119875
  • Iyengar, S., & Simon, A. (1993). News coverage of the Gulf crisis and public opinion: A study of agenda-setting, priming, and framing. Communication Research, 20(3), 365–383. doi:10.1177/009365093020003002
  • Jensen, J. D., & Hurley, R. J. (2010). Conflicting stories about public scientific controversies: Effects of news convergence and divergence on scientists’ credibility. Public Understanding of Science, 21(6), 689–704. doi:10.1177/0963662510387759
  • Johnson, E. J., & Tversky, A. (1983). Affect, generalization, and the perception of risk. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45(1), 20. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.45.1.20
  • Kahan, D. M., Jamieson, K. H., Landrum, A. R., & Winneg, K. (2017). Culturally antagonistic memes and the Zika virus: An experimental test. Journal of Risk Research, 20(1), 1–40. doi:10.1080/13669877.2016.1260631
  • Kilgo, D. K., Yoo, J., & Johnson, T. J. (2019).Spreading Ebola panic: Newspaper and social media coverage of the 2014 Ebola health crisis. Health Communication, 34(8), 811–817. doi:10.1080/10410236.2018.1437524
  • Kitzinger, J. (1999). Researching risk and the media. Health, Risk & Society, 1(1), 55–69. doi:10.1080/13698579908407007
  • Kortenkamp, K. V., & Basten, B. (2015). Environmental Science in the Media: Effects of Opposing Viewpoints on Risk and Uncertainty Perceptions. Science Communication, 37(3), 287–313. doi:10.1177/1075547015574016
  • Krause, N. M., Freiling, I., Beets, B., & Brossard, D. (2020). Fact-checking as risk communication: The multi-layered risk of misinformation in times of COVID-19. Journal of Risk Research, 23(7–8), 1052–1059. doi:10.1080/13669877.2020.1756385
  • Krause, N. M., Wirz, C. D., Scheufele, D. A., & Xenos, M. A. (2019). Fake News: A new obsession with an old phenomenon? In J. E. Katz & K. K. Mays (Eds.), Journalism and Truth in an Age of Social Media (pp. 58–78). Oxford Scholarship Online.
  • LexisNexis. (2019). SmartIndexing. Author https://www.lexisnexis.com/communities/academic/w/wiki/106.smartindexing.aspx
  • Lin, C. A., & Lagoe, C. (2013). Effects of news media and interpersonal interactions on H1N1 risk perception and vaccination intent. Communication Research Reports, 30(2), 127–136. doi:10.1080/08824096.2012.762907
  • Mayorga, M. W.&, Johnson, B. B. (2018). A longitudinal study of concern and judged risk: the case of Ebola in the United States, 2014–2015. Journal of Risk Research. 22(10), 1280–1293. https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2018.1466827
  • Mazur, A. (1998). Global Environmental Change in the News: 1987-90 vs 1992-6. International Sociology, 13(4), 457–472. doi:10.1177/026858098013004003
  • Mazur, A., & Lee, J. (1993). Sounding the global alarm: Environmental issues in the US national news. Social Studies of Science, 23(4), 681–720. doi:10.1177/030631293023004003
  • McCombs, M. E., & Shaw, D. L. (1993). The evolution of agenda-setting research: Twenty-five years in the marketplace of ideas. Journal of Communication, 43(2), 58–67. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.1993.tb01262.x
  • McLeod, J. M., Kosicki, G. M., & Pan, Z. (1991). On understanding and misunderstanding media effects. In J. Curran & M. Gurevitch (Eds.), Mass Media and Society (pp. 235–266). New York: Routledge.
  • Murdock, G., Petts, J., & Horlick-Jones, T. (2003). After amplification: Rethinking the role of the media in risk communication. In N. Pidgeon, R. E. Kasperson, & P. Slovic (Eds.), The social amplification of risk (pp. 156–178). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Nagler, R. H. (2014). Adverse outcomes associated with media exposure to contradictory nutrition messages. Journal of Health Communication, 19(1), 24–40. doi:10.1080/10810730.2013.798384
  • Neuendorf, K. A. (2016). The Content Analysis Guidebook. Thousand Oaks: Sage.
  • Nguyen, V.-K. (2019). An Epidemic of Suspicion — Ebola and Violence in the DRC. New England Journal of Medicine, 380(14), 1298–1299. doi:10.1056/NEJMp1902682
  • Noelle-Neumann, E. (1974). The spiral of silence a theory of public opinion. Journal of Communication, 24(2), 43–51. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.1974.tb00367.x
  • Ohme, J., Albaek, E., & De Vreese, C, H. (2016). Exposure Research Going Mobile: A Smartphone-Based Measurement of Media Exposure to Political Information in a Convergent Media Environment. Communication Methods and Measures, 10(2–3), 135–148. doi:10.1080/19312458.2016.1150972
  • Ophir, Y. (2019). The Effects of News Coverage of Epidemics on Public Support for and Compliance with the CDC– An Experimental Study. Journal of Health Communication, 24(5), 547–558. doi:10.1080/10810730.2019.1632990
  • Petts, J., & Niemeyer, S. (2004). Health risk communication and amplification: Learning from the MMR vaccination controversy. Health, Risk & Society, 6(1), 7–23. doi:10.1080/13698570410001678284
  • Pollock, J. C. (2007). Tilted Mirrors: Media Alignment with Political and Social Change: A Community Structure Approach. New York: Hampton Press.
  • Raupp, J. (2014). Social agents and news media as risk amplifiers: A case study on the public debate about the E. coli outbreak in Germany 2011. Health, Risk & Society, 16(6), 565–579. doi:10.1080/13698575.2014.950203
  • Roberts, H., Seymour, B., Fish, S. A., Robinson, E., & Zuckerman, E. (2017). Digital Health Communication and Global Public Influence: A Study of the Ebola Epidemic. Journal of Health Communication, 22(sup1), 51–58. doi:10.1080/10810730.2016.1209598
  • Rowe, G., Frewer, L., & Sjoberg, L. (2000). Newspaper reporting of hazards in the UK and Sweden. Public Understanding of Science, 9(1), 59–78. doi:10.1088/0963-6625/9/1/304
  • Ryan, M., Dunwoody, S., & Tankard, J. (1991). Risk information for public consumption: Print media coverage of two risky situations. Health Education Quarterly, 18(3), 375–390. doi:10.1177/109019819101800309
  • Saad, L. (2014). Ebola Ranks Among Americans’ Top Three Healthcare Concerns. Gallup News. http://news.gallup.com/poll/179429/ebola-ranks-among-americans-top-three-healthcare-concerns.aspx
  • Scheufele, D. A. (2000). Agenda-setting, priming, and framing revisited: Another look at cognitive effects of political communication. Mass Communication & Society, 3(2–3), 297–316. doi:10.1207/S15327825MCS0323_07
  • Scheufele, D. A., & Krause, N. M. (2019). Science audiences, misinformation, and fake news. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 201805871. doi:10.1073/pnas.1805871115
  • Scheufele, D. A., & Tewksbury, D. (2007). Framing, Agenda Setting, and Priming: The Evolution of Three Media Effects Models. Journal of Communication, 57(1), 9–20. doi:10.1111/j.0021-9916.2007.00326.x
  • Sell, T. K., Watson, C., Meyer, D., Kronk, M., Ravi, S., Pechta, L. E., … Rose, D. A. (2018). Frequency of risk-related news media messages in 2016 coverage of Zika virus. Risk Analysis, 38(12), 2514–2524. doi:10.1111/risa.12961
  • Snyder, L. B., Hamilton, M. A., Mitchell, E. W., Kiwanuka-Tondo, J., Fleming-Milici, F., & Proctor, D. (2004). A meta-analysis of the effect of mediated health communication campaigns on behavior change in the United States. Journal of Health Communication, 9(S1), 71–96. doi:10.1080/10810730490271548
  • Tyler, T. R., & Cook, F. L. (1984). The mass media and judgments of risk: Distinguishing impact on personal and societal level judgments. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47(4), 693–708. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.47.4.693
  • Vasterman, P., Yzermans, C. J., & Dirkzwager, A. J. (2005). The role of the media and media hypes in the aftermath of disasters. Epidemiologic Reviews, 27(1), 107–114. doi:10.1093/epirev/mxi002
  • Vitek, K., & Ward, L. M. (2018). Risky, Dramatic, and Unrealistic: Reality Television Portrayals of Pregnancy and Childbirth and their Effects on Women’s Fear and Self-Efficacy. Health Communication, 1–7. doi:10.1080/10410236.2018.1481708
  • Vraga, E. K., & Bode, L. (2021). Addressing COVID-19 Misinformation on Social Media Preemptively and Responsively. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 27(2), 396. doi:10.3201/eid2702.203139
  • Vyncke, B., Perko, T., & Gorp, B. (2017). Information sources as explanatory variables for the Belgian health‐related risk perception of the Fukushima nuclear accident. Risk Analysis, 37(3), 570–582. doi:10.1111/risa.12618
  • Wahlberg, A. A., & Sjoberg, L. (2000). Risk perception and the media. Journal of Risk Research, 3(1), 31–50. doi:10.1080/136698700376699
  • Wiegman, O., Gutteling, J. M., Boer, H., & Houwen, R. J. (1989). Newspaper coverage of hazards and the reactions of readers. Journalism Quarterly, 66(4), 846–863. doi:10.1177/107769908906600410
  • Wirz, C., Brossard, D., Scheufele, D., & Xenos, M. (2015). Ebola Outbreak 2014: Media Coverage and Public Risk Perceptions in the United States. Paper Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Risk Analysis: December 2015; Arlington, Virginia.
  • Yang, J. Z. (2019). Whose Risk? Why Did the U.S. Public Ignore Information about the Ebola Outbreak? Risk Analysis, 39(8), 1708–1722. doi:10.1111/risa.13282
  • Young, M. E., King, N., Harper, S., & Humphreys, K. R. (2013). The influence of popular media on perceptions of personal and population risk in possible disease outbreaks. Health, Risk & Society, 15(1), 103–114. doi:10.1080/13698575.2012.748884

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.