Quantitative TLC and Gas Chromatography Determination of the Lipid Composition of Raw and Microwaved Roasted Walnuts, Hazelnuts, and Almonds

References

• Eckey , E. W. 1954 . Vegetable Fats and Oils New York : Reinhold Publishing Corporation .
   Google Scholar
• Padley , F. B. , Gunstone , F. D. and Harwood , J. L. 1986 . “ Occurrence and characteristics of oils and fats ” . In The Lipid Handbook Edited by: Gunstone , F. D. , Harwood , J. L. and Padley , F. B. 97 London : Chapman and Hall .
   Google Scholar
• Sheppard , A. J. , Iverson , J. L. and Weihrauch , J. L. 1978 . “ Composition of selected dietary fats, oils, margarines, and butter ” . In Fatty Acids and Glycerides Edited by: Kuksis , A. 364 New York : Plenum Press .
   Google Scholar
• Crews , C. , Hough , P. , Godward , J. , Brereton , P. , Lees , M. , Guiet , S. and Winkelmann , W. 2005 . Study of the main constituents of some authentic hazelnut oils . J. Agric. Food Chem. , 53 ( 12 ) : 4843 – 4852 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tarandjiiska , R. and Nguyen , H. 1988 . Triglyceride analysis of orange seed oil by argentation thin-layer chromatography . Riv. Ital. Sost. Grasse , 65 : 489 – 492 .
   Google Scholar
• Tarandjiiska , R. and Nguyen , H. 1989 . Triglyceride composition of seed oils from Vietnamese citrus fruits . Riv. Ital. Sost. Grasse , 66 : 99 – 102 .
   Google Scholar
• Tarandjiiska , R. B. , Marekov , I. N. , Nikolova‐Damyanova , B. M. and Amidzhin , B. S. 1996 . Determination of triacylglycerol classes and molecular species in seed oils with high content of linoleic and linolenic fatty acids . J. Sci. Food Agric. , 72 : 403 – 410 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Christie , W. W. 2003 . Lipid Analysis 373 – 388 . Bridgwater : The Oily Press .
   Google Scholar
• Nikolova‐Damyanova , B. , Velikova , R. and Jham , G. 1998 . Lipid classes, fatty acid composition and triacylglycerol molecular species in crude coffee beans harvested in Brazil . Food Res. Intern. , 31 : 479 – 486 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nikolova‐Damyanova , B. and Amidzhin , B. 1988 . Separation of triglyceride groups by reversed phase thin‐layer chromatography on silanized Kieselguhr . J. Chromatogr. , 446 : 283 – 291 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chobanov , D. , Amidzhin , B. and Nikolova‐Damyanova , B. 1991 . Direct Densitometric determination of triglyceride groups separated by reversed phase thin layer chromatography . Riv. Ital. Sost. Grasse , 68 : 357 – 362 .
   Google Scholar
• Hartman , L. and Lago , R. C.A. 1973 . Rapid preparation of fatty acid methyl esters from lipids . Lab. Pract. , 22 : 475 – 476 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Christie , W. W. 1989 . Gas Chromatography and Lipids 68 Ayr : The Oily Press .
   Google Scholar
• Maguire , L. S. , O'Sullivan , S. M. , Galvin , K. , O'Connor , T. P. and O'Brien , N. M. 2004 . Fatty acid profile, tocopherol, squalene and phytosterol content of walnuts, almonds, peanuts, hazelnuts and the macadamia nut. Intern . J. Food Sci. Nutr. , 55/3 : 171 – 178 .
   Google Scholar
• Amaral , J. S. , Casal , S. , Citova , I. , Santos , A. , Seabra , R. M. and Oliveira , B. P.P. 2006 . Characterization of several hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) cultivars based in chemical, fatty acid and sterol composition . Eur. Food Res. Technol. , 222 : 274 – 280 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balta , M. F. , Yarilgac , T. , Askin , M. A. , Kucuk , M. , Balta , F. and Ozrenk , K. 2006 . Determination of fatty acid compositions, oil contents and some quality traits of hazelnut genetic resources grown in eastern Anatolia of Turkey . J. Food Comp. Anal. , 19 : 681 – 686 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benitez‐Sanchez , P. L. , Leon‐Camacho , M. and Aparicio , R. 2003 . A comprehensive study of hazelnut oil composition with comparisons to other vegetable oils, particularly olive oil . Eur. Food Res. Technol. , 218 : 13 – 19 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vigli , G. , Philippidis , A. , Spyros , A. and Dais , P. 2003 . Classification of edible oils be employing 31P and 1H NMR spectroscopy in combination with multivariate statistical analysis. A proposal for the detection of seed oil adulteration in virgin olive oils . J. Agric. Food Chem. , 51 ( 19 ) : 5715 – 5722 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Alasalvar , C. , Shahidi , F. , Ohshima , T. , Wanasundara , U. , Yurttas , H. C. , Liyanapathirana , C. M. and Rodrigues , F. B. 2003 . Turkish Tombul hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.). 2. Lipid characteristics and oxidative stability . J. Agric. Food Chem. , 51 ( 13 ) : 3797 – 3805 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Amaral , J. S. , Casal , S. , Seabra , R. M. and Oliveira , B. P.P. 2006 . Effects of roasting on hazelnut lipids . J. Agric. Food Chem. , 54 : 1315 – 1321 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Amaral , J. S. , Cunha , S. C. , Alves , M. R. , Pereira , J. A. , Seabra , R. M. and Oliveira , B. P.P. 2004 . Triacylglycerol composition of walnut (Juglans regia L.) cultivars: characterization by HPLC‐ELSD and chemometrics . J. Agric. Food Chem. , 52 : 7964 – 7969 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Amaral , J. S. , Cunha , S. C. , Santos , A. , Alves , M. R. , Seabra , R. M. and Oliveira , B. P.P. 2006 . Influence of cultivar and environmental conditions on the triacylglycerol profile of hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) . J. Agric. Food Chem. , 54 : 449 – 456 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Megahed , M. G. 2001 . Microwave roasting of peanuts: effects on oil characteristics and composition . Nahrung/Food , 45 : 255 – 257 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yoshida , H. , Hirakawa , Y. , Tomiyama , Y. and Mizushina , Y. 2003 . Effects of microwave treatment on the oxidative stability of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oils and the molecular species of their triacylglycerols . Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. , 105 : 351 – 358 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoshida , H. , Takagi , S. and Hirakawa , Y. 2000 . Molecular species of triacylglycerols in the seed coats of soybeans (Glycine ax L.) following microwave treatment . Food Chem. , 70 : 63 – 66 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoshida , H. , Hirakawa , Y. and Takagi , S. 2000 . Roasting influences on molecular species of triacylglycerols in sesame seeds (Sesamum indicum) . J. Sci. Food Agric. , 80 : 1495 – 1502 .
   Google Scholar
• Yoshida , H. , Tomiyama , Y. , Hirakawa , Y. and Mizushina , Y. 2006 . Microwave roasting effects on the oxidative stability of oils and molecular species of triacylglycerols in the kernels of pumpkin (Cucurbita spp.) seeds . J. Food Comp. Anal. , 19 : 330 – 339 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoshida , H. , Hirakawa , Y. and Abe , S. 2001 . Influence of microwave roasting on positional distribution of fatty acids of triacylglycerols and phospholipids in sunflower seeds (Halianthus annuus L.) . Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. , 103 : 201 – 207 .
   Google Scholar
• Nikolova‐Damyanova , B. 1999 . Quantitative thin‐layer chromatography of triacylglycerols: principles and applications, a review . J. Liq. Chromatogr. & Rel. Technol. , 22 : 1513 – 1537 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nikolova‐Damyanova , B. , Christie , W. W. and Herslof , B. 1990 . The structure of the triglycerides of meadowfoam oil . J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. , 67 : 503 – 507 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andrikopoulos , N. K. , Chiou , A. and Mylona , A. 2004 . Triacylglycerol species of less common edible vegetable oils . Food Rev. Intl. , 20 : 389 – 405 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cunha , S. C. and Oliveira , M. B.P.P. 2006 . Discrimination of vegetable oils by triacylglycerols evaluation of profile using HPLC/ELSD . Anal. Nutr. Clin. Meth. , 95 : 518 – 524 .
   Google Scholar
• Parcerisa , J. , Casals , I. , Codony , B. and Rafecas , M. 2000 . Analysis of olive and hazelnut oil mixtures by high‐performance liquid chromatography‐atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry of triacylglycerols and gas‐liquid chromatography of non‐saponifiable compounds (tocopherols and sterols) . J. Chromatogr. A. , 881 : 149 – 158 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jakab , A. , Heberger , K. and Forgacs , E. 2002 . Comparative analysis of different plant oils by high‐performance liquid chromatography‐atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry . J. Chromatogr. A. , 976 : 255 – 263 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holcapek , M. , Lisa , M. , Jandera , P. and Kabatova , N. 2005 . Quantitation of triacylglycerols in plant oils using HPLC with APCI‐MS, evaporative light‐scattering, and UV detection . J. Sep. Sci. , 28 : 1315 – 1333 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar