134
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Assessment of thyroid function during postpartum period with total thyroxine and total triiodothyronine levels measured by LC-MS/MS

, , , & ORCID Icon
Pages 698-704 | Received 05 Jun 2018, Accepted 16 Jul 2018, Published online: 01 Oct 2018

References

  • Cotzias, C.; Wong, S.-J.; Taylor, E.; Seed, P.; Girling, J. A Study to Establish Gestation-Specific Reference Intervals for Thyroid Function Tests in Normal Singleton Pregnancy. Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol. 2008, 137, 61–66. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2007.10.007.
  • Haddow, J. E.; McClain, M. R.; Palomaki, G. E.; Kloza, E. M.; Williams, J. Screening for Thyroid Disorders during Pregnancy: Results of a Survey in Maine. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2006, 194, 471–474. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2005.07.055.
  • Casey, B. M.; Dashe, J. S.; Wells, C. E.; McIntire, D. D.; Byrd, W.; Leveno, K. J.; Cunningham, F. G. Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Pregnancy Outcomes. Obstet. Gynecol. 2005, 105, 239–245. DOI: 10.1097/01.AOG.0000152345.99421.22.
  • De Groot, L.; Abalovich, M.; Alexander, E. K.; Amino, N.; Barbour, L.; Cobin, R. H.; Eastman, C. J.; Lazarus, J. H.; Luton, D.; Mandel, S. J.; et al. Management of Thyroid Dysfunction during Pregnancy and Postpartum: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2012, 97, 2543–2565., DOI: 10.1210/jc.2011-2803.
  • Delange, F. Iodine Deficiency in Europe and Its Consequences: An Update. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging 2002, 29, S404–S416. DOI: 10.1007/s00259-002-0812-7.
  • Hetzel, B. S.; Potter, B. J.; Dulberg, E. M. The Iodine Deficiency Disorders: Nature, Pathogenesis and Epidemiology. World Rev. Nutr. Diet 1990, 62, 59–119.
  • Shi, X.; Han, C.; Li, C.; Mao, J.; Wang, W.; Xie, X.; Li, C.; Xu, B.; Meng, T.; Du, J.; et al. Optimal and Safe Upper Limits of Iodine Intake for Early Pregnancy in Iodine-Sufficient Regions: A Cross-Sectional Study of 7190 Pregnant Women in China. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2015, 100, 1630–1638. DOI: 10.1210/jc.2014-3704.
  • Zou, S.; Wu, F.; Guo, C.; Song, J.; Huang, C.; Zhu, Z.; Yu, H.; Guo, Y.; Lu, X.; Ruan, Y. Iodine Nutrition and the Prevalence of Thyroid Disease after Salt Iodization: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Shanghai, a Coastal Area in China. PLoS One 2012, 7, e40718. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040718.
  • Meng, F.; Zhao, R.; Liu, P.; Liu, L.; Liu, S. Assessment of Iodine Status in Children, Adults, Pregnant Women and Lactating Women in Iodine-Replete Areas of China. PLoS One 2013, 8, e81294. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081294.
  • Kumru, P.; Erdogdu, E.; Arisoy, R.; Demirci, O.; Ozkoral, A.; Ardic, C.; Ertekin, A. A.; Erdogan, S.; Ozdemir, N. N. Effect of Thyroid Dysfunction and Autoimmunity on Pregnancy Outcomes in Low Risk Population. Arch. Gynecol. Obstet. 2015, 291, 1047–1054. DOI: 10.1007/s00404-014-3533-9.
  • Nicoloff, J. T.; Spencer, C. A. Clinical review 12: The Use and Misuse of the Sensitive Thyrotropin Assays. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1990, 71, 553–558. DOI: 10.1210/jcem-71-3-553.
  • Spencer, C.; Eigen, A.; Shen, D.; Duda, M.; Qualls, S.; Weiss, S.; Nicoloff, J. Specificity of Sensitive Assays of Thyrotropin (TSH) Used to Screen for Thyroid Disease in Hospitalized Patients. Clin. Chem. 1987, 33, 1391–1396.
  • Manager, T. Thyroid Function Tests: Assay of Thyroid Hormones and Related Substances 2014, 520216. http://www.thyroidmanager.org/chapter/assay-of-thyroid-hormones-and-related-substances.
  • Baloch, Z.; Carayon, P.; Conte-Devolx, B.; Demers, L. M.; Feldt-Rasmussen, U.; Henry, J.-F.; LiVosli, V. A.; Niccoli-Sire, P.; John, R.; Ruf, J.; et al. Laboratory Medicine Practice Guidelines. Laboratory Support for the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Thyroid Disease. Thyroid 2003, 13, 3–126., DOI: 10.1089/105072503321086962.
  • Dufour, D. R. Laboratory Tests of Thyroid Function: Uses and Limitations. Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. North Am. 2007, 36, 579–594. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecl.2007.04.003.
  • Nelson, J. C.; Wang, R.; Asher, D. T.; Wilcox, R. B. Underestimates and Overestimates of Total Thyroxine Concentrations Caused by Unwanted Thyroxine-Binding Protein Effects. Thyroid 2005, 15, 12–15. DOI: 10.1089/thy.2005.15.12.
  • Wang, R.; Nelson, J. C.; Weiss, R. M.; Wilcox, R. B. Accuracy of Free Thyroxine Measurements across Natural Ranges of Thyroxine Binding to Serum Proteins. Thyroid 2000, 10, 31–39. DOI: 10.1089/thy.2000.10.31.
  • Lee, R. H.; Spencer, C. A.; Mestman, J. H.; Miller, E. A.; Petrovic, I.; Braverman, L. E.; Goodwin, T. M. Free T4 Immunoassays Are Flawed during Pregnancy. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2009, 200, 260.e1–266. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2008.10.042.
  • Kahric-Janicic, N.; Soldin, S. J.; Soldin, O. P.; West, T.; Gu, J.; Jonklaas, J. Tandem Mass Spectrometry Improves the Accuracy of Free Thyroxine Measurements during Pregnancy. Thyroid 2007, 17, 303–311. DOI: 10.1089/thy.2006.0303.
  • Soldin, O. P. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring during Pregnancy and Lactation: Thyroid Function Assessment in Pregnancy—Challenges and Solutions. Ther. Drug Monit. 2010, 32, 265–268. DOI: 10.1097/FTD.0b013e3181ddf729.
  • Jonklaas, J.; Soldin, S. J. Tandem Mass Spectrometry as a Novel Tool for Elucidating Pituitary-Thyroid Relationships. Thyroid 2008, 18, 1303–1311. DOI: 10.1089/thy.2008.0155.
  • Jonklaas, J.; Kahric-Janicic, N.; Soldin, O. P.; Soldin, S. J. Correlations of Free Thyroid Hormones Measured by Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Immunoassay with Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone across 4 Patient Populations. Clin. Chem. 2009, 55, 1380–1388. DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2008.118752.
  • Jonklaas, J.; Sathasivam, A.; Wang, H.; Gu, J.; Burman, K. D.; Soldin, S. J. Total and Free Thyroxine and Triiodothyronine: measurement Discrepancies, Particularly in Inpatients. Clin. Biochem. 2014, 47, 1272–1278. DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2014.06.007.
  • Soldin, S. J.; Cheng, L. L.; Lam, L. Y.; Werner, A.; Le, A. D.; Soldin, O. P. Comparison of FT4 with Log TSH on the Abbott Architect ci8200: Pediatric Reference Intervals for Free Thyroxine and Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone. Clin. Chim. Acta. 2010, 411, 250–252. DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2009.11.016.
  • van Deventer, H. E.; Mendu, D. R.; Remaley, A. T.; Soldin, S. J. Inverse Log-Linear Relationship between Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone and Free Thyroxine Measured by Direct Analog Immunoassay and Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Clin. Chem. 2011, 57, 122–127. DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2010.154088.
  • Serdar, M. A.; Ispir, E.; Ozgurtas, T.; Gulbahar, O.; Ciraci, Z.; Pasaoglu, H.; Kurt, I.; Comparison of Four Immunoassay Analyzers for Relationship Between Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) and Free Thyroxine (FT4). Turk. J. Bioch. 2015, 40, 88. DOI: 10.5505/tjb.2015.65487.
  • Welsh, K. J.; Soldin, S. J. How Reliable Are Free Thyroid and Total T3 Hormone Assays? Eur. J. Endocrinol. 2016, 175, R255–R263. DOI: 10.1530/EJE-16-0193.
  • Garber, J. R.; Cobin, R. H.; Gharib, H.; Hennessey, J. V.; Klein, I.; Mechanick, J. I.; Pessah-Pollack, R.; Singer, P. A.; Woeber, K. A. Clinical Practice Guidelines for Hypothyroidism in Adults: Cosponsored by the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and the American Thyroid Association. Endocr. Pract. 2012, 18, 988–1028. DOI: 10.4158/EP12280.GL.
  • Wilson, K. L.; Casey, B. M.; McIntire, D. D.; Cunningham, F. G. Is Total Thyroxine Better than Free Thyroxine during Pregnancy? Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2014, 211, 132.e1–136. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2014.02.029.
  • Wang, D.; Stapleton, H. Analysis of Thyroid Hormones in Serum by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2010, 397, 1831–1839. DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-3705-9.ANALYSIS.
  • Soukhova, N.; Soldin, O. P.; Soldin, S. J. Isotope Dilution Tandem Mass Spectrometric Method for T4/T3. Clin. Chim. Acta. 2004, 343, 185–190. DOI: 10.1016/j.cccn.2004.01.007.
  • Gharib, H.; Tuttle, R. M.; Baskin, H. J.; Fish, L. H.; Singer, P. A.; McDermott, M. T. Consensus Statement #1: Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction: A Joint Statement on Management from the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, the American Thyroid Association, and the Endocrine Society. Thyroid 2005, 15, 24–24. DOI: 10.1089/thy.2005.15.24.
  • Dosiou, C.; Barnes, J.; Schwartz, A.; Negro, R.; Crapo, L.; Stagnaro-Green, A. Cost-Effectiveness of Universal and Risk-Based Screening for Autoimmune Thyroid Disease in Pregnant Women. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2012, 97, 1536–1546. DOI: 10.1210/jc.2011-2884.
  • Soldin, O. P.; Tractenberg, R. E.; Hollowell, J. G.; Jonklaas, J.; Janicic, N.; Soldin, S. J. Trimester-Specific Changes in Maternal Thyroid Hormone, Thyrotropin, and Thyroglobulin Concentrations during Gestation: trends and Associations across Trimesters in Iodine Sufficiency. Thyroid 2004, 14, 1084–1090. DOI: 10.1089/thy.2004.14.1084.
  • Soldin, O. P.; Hilakivi-Clarke, L.; Weiderpass, E.; Soldin, S. J. Trimester-Specific Reference Intervals for Thyroxine and Triiodothyronine in Pregnancy in Iodine-Sufficient Women Using Isotope Dilution Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Immunoassays. Clin. Chim. Acta. 2004, 349, 181–189. DOI: 10.1016/j.cccn.2004.06.021.
  • Khalid, A. S.; Marchocki, Z.; Hayes, K.; Lutomski, J. E.; Joyce, C.; Stapleton, M.; O’Mullane, J.; O’Donoghue, K. Establishing Trimester-Specific Maternal Thyroid Function Reference Intervals. Ann. Clin. Biochem. 2014, 51, 277–283. DOI: 10.1177/0004563213496394.
  • Moleti, M.; Trimarchi, F.; Vermiglio, F. Thyroid Physiology in Pregnancy. Endocr. Pract. 2014, 20, 589–596. DOI: 10.4158/EP13341.RA.
  • Gu, J.; Soldin, O. P.; Soldin, S. J. Simultaneous Quantification of Free Triiodothyronine and Free Thyroxine by Isotope Dilution Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Clin. Biochem. 2007, 40, 1386–1391. DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2007.08.007.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.