Experienced-Based Versus Scenario-Based Assessments of Shame and Guilt and Their Relationship to Alcohol Consumption and Problems

References

• Babor, T. F., Higgins-Biddle, J. C., Saunders, J. B., & Monteiro, M. G. (2001). AUDIT—the alcohol use disorders identification test-guidelines for use in primary care. World Health Organization (2nd ed.). Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881110393051
   Google Scholar
• Boudrez, H. (2009). Psychological factors and long-term abstinence after smoking cessation treatment. Journal of Smoking Cessation, 4(1), 10–17. https://doi.org/10.1375/jsc.4.1.10
   Google Scholar
• Cook, D. R. (1987). Measuring shame: The internalized shame scale. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly, 4(2), 197–215. https://doi.org/10.1300/J020v04n02_12
   Google Scholar
• Cook, D. R., & Nathanson, D. L. (1996). Empirical studies of shame and guilt: The Internalized Shame Scale. In D. L. Nathanson (Ed.), Knowing feeling: Affect, script, and psychotherapy (132–165). New York, NY: W W Norton & Co.
   Google Scholar
• Cooper, M. L., Frone, M. R., Russell, M., & Mudar, P. (1995). Drinking to regulate positive and negative emotions: A motivational model of alcohol use. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(5), 990–1005. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.69.5.990
   Google Scholar
• Courtney, K. E., & Polich, J. (2009). Binge drinking in young adults: Data, definitions, and determinants. Psychological Bulletin, 135(1), 142–56. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0014414
   Google Scholar
• Coxe, S., West, S. G., & Aiken, L. S. (2009). The analysis of count data: A gentle introduction to Poisson regression and its alternatives. Journal of Personality Assessment, 91(2), 121–136. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223890802634175
   Google Scholar
• de Hooge, I. E., Nelissen, R. M., Breugelmans, S. M., & Zeelenberg, M. (2011). What is moral about guilt? Acting “prosocially” at the disadvantage of others. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100(3), 462–473. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021459
   Google Scholar
• de Meneses-Gaya, C., Zuardi, A. W., Loureiro, S. R., & Crippa, J. A. S. (2009). Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT): An updated systematic review of psychometric properties. Psychology & Neuroscience, 2(1), 83–97. https://doi.org/10.3922/j.psns.2009.1.12
   Google Scholar
• Dearing, R. L., Stuewig, J., & Tangney, J. P. (2005). On the importance of distinguishing shame from guilt: Relations to problematic alcohol and drug use. Addictive Behaviors, 30(7), 1392–1404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2005.02.002
   Google Scholar
• del Rosario, P. M., & White, R. M. (2006). The Internalized Shame Scale: Temporal stability, internal consistency, and principal components analysis. Personality and Individual Differences, 41(1), 95–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2005.10.026
   Google Scholar
• Fontaine, J. R. J., Luyten, P., Estas, C., & Corveleyn, J. (2004). Scenario-based and frequency-based approaches towards the measurement of guilt and shame: Empirical evidence for unique contributions. In S. P. Shohov (Ed.), Advances in psychology research (pp. 141–154). Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Giguère, B., Lalonde, R. N., & Taylor, D. M. (2014). Drinking too much and feeling bad about it? How group identification moderates experiences of guilt and shame following norm transgressions. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 40(5), 617–632.
   Google Scholar
• Gilbert, P. (1998). What is shame? Some core issues and controversies. In P. Gilbert & B. Andrews (Eds.), Shame: Interpersonal behavior, psychopathology, and culture (pp. 3–38). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ianni, P. A., Hart, K. E., Hibbard, S., & Carroll, M. (2010). The association between self-forgiveness and alcohol misuse depends on the severity of drinker's shame: Toward a buffering model. Addictive Disorders & Their Treatment, 9(3), 106–111. https://doi.org/10.1097/ADT.0b013e3181f158cd
   Google Scholar
• Klingemann, H., & Gmel, G. (Eds.). (2001). Mapping the social consequences of alcohol consumption. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Lewis, H. (1971). Shame and guilt in neurosis (1st ed.). New York, NY: International University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Luoma, J. B., & Kohlenberg, B. S. (2012). Self-stigma and shame in addictions. In S. C. Hayes & M. Levin (Eds.), Mindfulness and acceptance for addictive behaviors (pp. 216–238). Oakland, CA: New Harbinger.
   Google Scholar
• Marschall, D., Sanftner, J., & Tangney, J. P. (1994). The state shame and guilt scale. Fairfax, VA: George Mason University.
   Google Scholar
• Meehan, W., O'Connor, L. E., Berry, J. W., Weiss, J., Morrison, A., & Acampora, A. (1996). Guilt, shame, and depression in clients in recovery from addiction. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 28(2), 125–134. https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.1996.10524385
   Google Scholar
• Mohr, C., Brannan, D., Mohr, J., Armeli, S., & Tennen, H. (2008). Evidence for positive mood buffering among college student drinkers. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 34(9), 1249–1259. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167208319385
   Google Scholar
• O'Connor, L. E., Berry, J. W., Inaba, D., Weiss, J., & Morrison, A. (1994). Shame, guilt, and depression in men and women in recovery from addiction. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 11(6), 503–510. https://doi.org/10.1016/0740-5472(94)90001-9
   Google Scholar
• Randles, D., & Tracy, J. L. (2013). Nonverbal displays of shame predict relapse and declining health in recovering alcoholics. Clinical Psychological Science, 1(2), 149–155. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167702612470645
   Google Scholar
• Rybak, C. J., & Brown, B. (1996). Assessment of internalized shame: Validity and reliability of the Internalized Shame Scale. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly, 14(1), 71–83. https://doi.org/10.1300/J020V14N01
   Google Scholar
• Saunders, J. B., Aasland, O. G., Babor, T. F., de la Fuente, J. R., & Grant, M. (1993). Development of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT): WHO collaborative project on early detection of persons with harmful alcohol consumption—II. Addiction, 88(6), 791–804. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.1993.tb02093.x
   Google Scholar
• Schmader, T., & Lickel, B. (2006). The approach and avoidance function of guilt and shame emotions: Comparing reactions to self-caused and other-caused wrongdoing. Motivation and Emotion, 30(1), 42–55. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-006-9006-0
   Google Scholar
• Sobell, L. C., Brown, J., Leo, G. I., & Sobell, M. B. (1996). The reliability of the Alcohol Timeline Followback when administered by telephone and by computer. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 42(1), 49–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/0376-8716(96)01263-X
   Google Scholar
• Sobell, L. C., & Sobell, M. B. (1992). Timeline follow-back: A technique for assessing self-reported alcohol consumption. In R. Z. Litten & J. P. Allen (Eds.), Measuring alcohol consumption: Psychosocial and biological methods (pp. 41–72). Totowa, NJ: Humana Press.
   Google Scholar
• Stuewig, J., Tangney, J. P., Kendall, S., Folk, J. B., Meyer, C. R., & Dearing, R. L. (2014). Children's proneness to shame and guilt predict risky and illegal behaviors in young adulthood. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 46(2), 217–227. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-014-0467-1
   Google Scholar
• Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2007). Using multivariate statistics (5th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson Education.
   Google Scholar
• Tangney, J. P., & Dearing, R. L. (2002). Shame and guilt. In P. Salovey (Ed.). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Tangney, J. P., Stuewig, J., & Mashek, D. J. (2007). Moral emotions and moral behavior. Annual Review of Psychology, 58, 345–372. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.56.091103.070145
   Google Scholar
• Tangney, J. P., Wagner, P., & Gramzow, R. (1989). The test of self-conscious affect. Fairfax, VA: George Mason University.
   Google Scholar
• Tracy, J. L., Robins, R. W., & Tangney, J. P. (2007). The self-conscious emotions: Theory and research. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Treeby, M., & Bruno, R. (2012). Shame and guilt proneness: Divergent implications for problematic alcohol use and drinking to cope with anxiety and depression symptomatology. Personality and Individual Differences, 53(5), 613–617. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2012.05.011
   Google Scholar
• Vanvoorhis, C. R. W., & Morgan, B. L. (2007). Understanding power and rules of thumb for determining sample sizes. Tutorials in Quantitative Methods, 3(2), 43–50. http://mail.tqmp.org/RegularArticles/vol03-2/p043/p043.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Wong, Y., & Tsai, J. L. (2007). Cultural models of shame and guilt. In J. Tracy, R. Robins, & J. Tangney (Eds.). Handbook of self-conscious emotions (pp. 210–223). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar