Low level laser therapy in the management of breast cancer-related lymphedema: protocol for a randomized controlled feasibility trial

References

• de Andrade AL, Bossini PS, Parizotto NA. Use of low level laser therapy to control neuropathic pain: a systematic review. J. Photochem. Photobiol. B Biol. 2016;164:36–42.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• US Breast Caner Organazation. Breast Cancer Statistics. [cited 2017 Sept 15]. Available from: http://www.breastcancer.org/symptoms/understand_bc/statistics.
   Google Scholar
• Cancer Research UK. Breast cancer statistics. [cited 2017 Sept 15]. Available from: http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/cancer-statistics/statistics-by-cancer-type/breast-cancer#heading-Zero.
   Google Scholar
• Smoot B, Chiavola-Larson L, Lee J, Manibusan H, Allen DD. Effect of low-level laser therapy on pain and swelling in women with breast cancer-related lymphedema: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cancer Surviv. 2015;9(2):287–304.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee TS, Kilbreath SL, Refshauge KM, Herbert RD, Beith JM. Prognosis of the upper limb following surgery and radiation for breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2008;110(1):19–37.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ridner SH, Dietrich MS, Kidd N. Breast cancer treatment-related lymphedema self-care: education, practices, symptoms, and quality of life. Support Care Cancer. 2011;19(5):631–637.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Penha TR, Botter B, Heuts EM, Voogd AC, von Meyenfeldt MF, van der Hulst RR. Quality of life in patients with breast cancer-related lymphedema and reconstructive breast surgery. J Reconstr Microsurg. 2016;32(6):484–490.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park JE, Jang HJ, Seo KS. Quality of life, upper extremity function and the effect of lymphedema treatment in breast cancer related lymphedema patients. Ann Rehabil Med. 2012;36(2):240–247.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Morrell RM, Halyard MY, Schild SE, Ali MS, Gunderson LL, Pockaj BA. Breast cancer-related lymphedema. Mayo Clin Proc. 2005;80(11):1480–1484.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asim M, Cham A, Banerjee S, Nancekivell R, Dutu G, McBride C, et al. Difficulties with defining lymphoedema after axillary dissection for breast cancer. N Z Med J. 2012;125(1351):29–39.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• The diagnosis and treatment of peripheral lymphedema: 2013 Consensus Document of the International Society of Lymphology. Lymphology. 2013;46(1):1–11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oremus M, Dayes I, Walker K, Raina P. Systematic review: conservative treatments for secondary lymphedema. BMC Cancer. 2012;12:6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brorson H. Liposuction gives complete reduction of chronic large arm lymphedema after breast cancer. Acta Oncol. 2000;39(3):407–420.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brorson H, Svensson H. Complete reduction of lymphoedema of the arm by liposuction after breast cancer. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg. 1997;31(2):137–143.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erickson VS, Pearson ML, Ganz PA, Adams J, Kahn KL. Arm edema in breast cancer patients. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2001;93(2):96–111.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moseley AL, Carati CJ, Piller NB. A systematic review of common conservative therapies for arm lymphoedema secondary to breast cancer treatment. Ann Oncol. 2007;18(4):639–646.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leal NF, Carrara HH, Vieira KF, Ferreira CH. Physiotherapy treatments for breast cancer-related lymphedema: a literature review. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem. 2009;17(5):730–736.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baxter GD. Therapeutic lasers: theory and practice Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 1994.
   Google Scholar
• Lim JH, Lee J, Lee IS, Kim YJ, Song EY, Choi YS, et al. The effects of daily irradiation with polychromatic visible polarized light on human lymphocyte populations. Photomed Laser Surg. 2008;26(4):361–366.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lievens P. The influence of laser-irradiation on the motoricity of the lymphatic system and on the wound healing process. Proceedings from the International Congress on Laser in Medicine and Surgery; 1985 June 26–28; Bologna. p. 171–174.
   Google Scholar
• Lievens PC. The effect of a combined HeNe and i.r. laser treatment on the regeneration of the lymphatic system during the process of wound healing. Lasers Med Sci. 1991;6(2):193–199.
   Google Scholar
• Gross AR, Dziengo S, Boers O, Goldsmith CH, Graham N, Lilge L, et al. Low level laser therapy (LLLT) for neck pain: a systematic review and meta-regression. Open Orthop J. 2013;7:396–419.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tumilty S, Munn J, McDonough S, Hurley DA, Basford JR, Baxter GD. Low level laser treatment of tendinopathy: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Photomed Laser Surg. 2010;28(1):3–16.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brosseau L, Robinson V, Wells G, Debie R, Gam A, Harman K, et al. Low level laser therapy (Classes I, II and III) for treating rheumatoid arthritis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005(4):Cd002049.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colombo F, Neto Ade A, Sousa AP, Marchionni AM, Pinheiro AL, Reis SR. Effect of low-level laser therapy (λ660 nm) on angiogenesis in wound healing: a immunohistochemical study in a rodent model. Braz Dent J. 2013;24(4):308–312.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Piller NB, Thelander A. Treatment of chronic postmastectomy lymphedema with low level laser therapy: a 2.5 year follow-up. Lymphology. 1998;31(2):74–86.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carati CJ, Anderson SN, Gannon BJ, Piller NB. Treatment of postmastectomy lymphedema with low-level laser therapy: a double blind, placebo-controlled trial. Cancer. 2003;98(6):1114–1122.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Omar MT, Shaheen AA, Zafar H. A systematic review of the effect of low-level laser therapy in the management of breast cancer-related lymphedema. Support Care Cancer. 2012;20(11):2977–2984.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MT EL, JG EL, de Andrade MF, Bergmann A. Low-level laser therapy in secondary lymphedema after breast cancer: systematic review. Lasers Med Sci. 2014;29(3):1289–1295.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baxter GD, Liu L, Petrich S, Gisselman AS, Chapple C, Anders JJ, Tumilty S. Low level laser therapy (Photobiomodulation therapy) for breast cancer-related lymphedema: a systematic review. BMC Cancer. 2017; 17:833.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaviani A, Fateh M, Yousefi Nooraie R, Alinagi-zadeh MR, Ataie-Fashtami L. Low-level laser therapy in management of postmastectomy lymphedema. Lasers Med Sci. 2006;21(2):90–94.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Musil CM, Warner CB, Yobas PK, Jones SL. A comparison of imputation techniques for handling missing data. West J Nurs Res. 2002;24(7):815–829.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kozanoglu E, Basaran S, Paydas S, Sarpel T. Efficacy of pneumatic compression and low-level laser therapy in the treatment of postmastectomy lymphoedema: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehabil. 2009;23(2):117–124.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahmed Omar MT, Abd-El-Gayed Ebid A, El Morsy AM. Treatment of post-mastectomy lymphedema with laser therapy: double blind placebo control randomized study. J Surg Res. 2011;165(1):82–90.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piller NB, Thelander A. Treating chronic post-mastectomy lymphoedema with low level laser therapy: a cost effective strategy to reduce severity and improve the quality of survival. Laser therapy. 1995;7(4):163–168.
   Google Scholar
• Maiya A, Olivia E, Dibya A. Effect of low energy laser therapy in the management of post- mastectomy lymphoedema. Physiotherapy Singapore. 2008;11(1):2–5.
   Google Scholar