Whitewater Boater and Angler Conflict, Crowding and Satisfaction on the North Umpqua River, Oregon

References

• Albritton, R., Stein, T. V., & Thapa, B. (2009). Exploring conflict and tolerance between and within off-highway vehicle recreationists. Journal of Park and Recreation Administration, 27, 54–72.
   Google Scholar
• Bureau of Land Management and U.S. Forest Service. (2012). 2012 Monitoring report—North Umpqua Wild & Scenic River. Retrieved from http://www.blm.gov/or/resources/recreation/files/brochures/2012-Monitoring-Report.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Burns, R. C. (2000). Methodological issues associated with customer satisfaction measurement and market segmentation at water-based recreation areas (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA.
   Google Scholar
• Burns, R. C., & Graefe, A. R. (2005). Customer satisfaction at water-based outdoor recreation settings: Understanding differences across market segments. LARNet-The Cyber Journal of Applied Leisure and Recreation Research, 21, 101–122.
   Google Scholar
• Burns, R. C., & Graefe, A. R. (2006). Service quality measures: Recreationists’ perceptions of US Pacific Northwest national forests. World Leisure Journal, 48, 40–51. doi:10.1080/04419057.2006.9674429
   Google Scholar
• Burns, R. C., Graefe, A. R., & Absher, J. D. (2003). Alternate measurement approaches to recreational customer satisfaction: Satisfaction-only versus gap scores. Leisure Sciences, 25, 363–380. doi:10.1080/714044496
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carothers, P., Vaske, J. J., & Donnelly, M. P. (2001). Social values versus interpersonal conflict among hikers and mountain bikers. Leisure Sciences, 23, 47–61. doi:10.1080/01490400150502243
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
   Google Scholar
• Confer, J. J., Thapa, B., & Mendelsohn, J. L. (2005). Exploring a typology of recreation conflict in outdoor environments. World Leisure Journal, 47, 12–23. doi:10.1080/04419057.2005.9674382
   Google Scholar
• Cortina, J. M. (1993). What is coefficient alpha? An examination of theory and applications. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78, 98–104. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.78.1.98
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gibbons, S., & Ruddell, E. J. (1995). The effect of goal orientation and place dependence on select goal interferences among winter backcountry users. Leisure Sciences, 17, 171–183. doi:10.1080/01490409509513255
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gibson, M. J., & Fix, P. J. (2014). Further clarification of interpersonal versus social values conflict: Insights from motorized and non-motorized recreational river users. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 7–8, 1–7. doi:10.1016/j.jort.2014.09.007
   Google Scholar
• Graefe, A. R., & Burns, R. C. (2013). Testing a mediation model of customer service and satisfaction in outdoor recreation. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 3–4, 36–46. doi:10.1016/j.jort.2013.09.006
   Google Scholar
• Heberlein, T. A., & Vaske, J. J. (1977). Crowding and visitor conflict on the Bois Brule River (report WISC WRC 77-04). Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Water Resources Center.
   Google Scholar
• Herrick, T., & McDonald, C. (1992). Factors affecting overall satisfaction with a river recreation experience. Environmental Management, 16, 243–247. doi:10.1007/BF02393829
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacob, G. R., & Schreyer, R. (1980). Conflict in outdoor recreation: A theoretical perspective. Journal of Leisure Research, 12, 368–380.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manning, R. E. (2011). Studies in outdoor recreation: Search and research for satisfaction (3rd ed.). Corvallis, OR: Oregon State University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ruddell, E. J., & Gramann, J. H. (1994). Goal orientation, norms, and noise induced conflict among recreation area users. Leisure Sciences, 16, 93–104. doi:10.1080/01490409409513222
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schneider, I. E., & Hammitt, W. E. (1995). Visitor responses to on-site recreation conflict. Journal of Applied Recreation Research, 20, 249–268.
   Google Scholar
• Stewart, W. P., & Cole, D. N. (2001). Number of encounters and experience quality in Grand Canyon backcountry: Consistently negative and weak relationships. Journal of Leisure Research, 33, 106–120.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thapa, B., & Graefe, A. R. (2003). Level of skill and its relationship to recreation conflict and tolerance among adult skiers and snowboarders. World Leisure Journal, 45, 13–25. doi:10.1080/04419057.2003.9674301
   Google Scholar
• Tynon, J. F., & Gómez, E. (2012). Interpersonal and social values conflict among coastal recreation activity groups in Hawaii. Journal of Leisure Research, 44, 531–543.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaske, J. J., Carothers, P., Donnelly, M. P., & Baird, B. (2000). Recreation conflict among skiers and snowboarders. Leisure Sciences, 22, 297–313. doi:10.1080/01490409950202311
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaske, J. J., & Donnelly, M. P. (2007). Perceived conflict with off leash dogs at Boulder Open Space and Mountain Parks (HDNRU Report no.76). Report for Boulder Open Space and Mountain Parks. Fort Collins, CO: Colorado State University, Human Dimensions in Natural Resources Unit.
   Google Scholar
• Vaske, J. J., Donnelly, M. P., Heberlein, T. A., & Shelby, B. (1982). Differences in reported satisfaction ratings by consumptive and nonconsumptive recreationists. Journal of Leisure Research, 14, 195–206.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaske, J. J., Donnelly, M. P., Wittmann, K., & Laidlaw, S. (1995). Interpersonal versus social values conflict. Leisure Sciences, 17, 205–222. doi:10.1080/01490409509513257
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaske, J. J., Dyar, R., & Timmons, N. (2004). Skill level and recreation conflict among skiers and snowboarders. Leisure Sciences, 26, 215–225. doi:10.1080/01490400490432145
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaske, J. J., Needham, M. D., & Cline, R. C. (2007). Clarifying interpersonal and social values conflict among recreationists. Journal of Leisure Research, 39, 182–195.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaske, J. J., & Roemer, J. M. (2013). Differences in overall satisfaction by consumptive and nonconsumptive recreationists: A comparative analysis of three decades of research. Human Dimensions of Wildlife, 18, 159–180. doi:10.1080/10871209.2013.777819
   Google Scholar
• Vaske, J. J., & Shelby, L. B. (2008). Crowding as a descriptive indicator and an evaluative standard: Results from 30 years of research. Leisure Sciences, 30, 111–126. doi:10.1080/01490400701881341
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whisman, S. A., & Hollenhorst, S. J. (1998). A path model of whitewater boating satisfaction on the Cheat River of West Virginia. Environmental Management, 22, 109–117. doi:10.1007/s002679900088
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams, D. R. (1993). Conflict in the great outdoors. Parks and Recreation, 28, 28–34.
   Google Scholar