REFERENCES
- Beggs , J. J. , Hurlbert , J. S. and Haines , V. A. 1996 . Community attachment in a rural setting: A refinement and empirical test of the systemic model . Rural Sociology , 61 ( 3 ) : 407 – 426 .
- Blake , W. M. and Darling , C. A. 2000 . Quality of life: Perceptions of African Americans . Journal of Black Studies , 30 ( 3 ) : 411 – 427 .
- Bobo , L. and Gilliam , F. D. 1990 . Race, sociopolitical participation, and black empowerment . American Political Science Review , 84 ( 2 ) : 377 – 393 .
- Brinberg , D. and Wood , R. 1983 . A resource exchange theory analysis of consumer behavior . Journal of Consumer Research , 10 ( 3 ) : 330 – 338 .
- Burns , N. and Kinder , D. 2000 . Social trust and democratic politics New York , NY : Russell Sage Foundation. . Report to the National Election Studies Board, based on the 2000 NES Special Topic Pilot Study
- Coffé , H. and Geys , B. 2007 . Participation in bridging and bonding associations and civic attitudes: Evidence from Flanders . Voluntas , 18 ( 4 ) : 385 – 406 .
- Crowe , J. 2010 . Community attachment and satisfaction: The role of a community's social network structure . Journal of Community Psychology , 38 ( 50 ) : 622 – 644 .
- DeNeve , K. M. and Cooper , H. 1998 . The happy personality: A meta-analysis of 137 personality traits and subjective well-being . Psychological Bulletin , 124 ( 2 ) : 197 – 229 .
- de Tocqueville , A. 1969/1835 . Democracy in America New York , NY : Harper. .
- Driskell , R. , Embry , E. and Lyon , L. 2008 . Faith and politics: The influence of religious beliefs on political participation . Social Science Quarterly , 89 ( 2 ) : 294 – 314 .
- Drollinger , T. 2010 . A theoretical examination of giving and volunteering utilizing resource exchange theory . Journal of Nonprofit & Public Sector Marketing , 22 ( 1 ) : 55 – 66 .
- Durkheim , E. 1912 . Elementary forms of religious life New York , NY : Oxford University Press. .
- Finn , J. L. and Checkoway , B. 1998 . Young people as competent community buildings: A challenge to social work . Social Work , 43 ( 4 ) : 335 – 345 .
- Foa , E. and Foa , U. 1974 . Social structures of the mind. Springfield , IL : Charles C. Thomas. .
- Fogel , S. J. 2004 . Risks and opportunities for success: Perceptions of urban youths in a distressed community and lessons for adults . Families in Society , 85 ( 3 ) : 335 – 344 .
- Fowler , J. H. and Kam , C. D. 2007 . Beyond the self: Social identity, altruism, and political participation . The Journal of Politics , 69 ( 3 ) : 813 – 827 .
- Frisch , M. B. 1994 . Quality of life index Minneapolis , MN : NCS Assessments, Inc. .
- Gartland , P. 2001 . Senior corps volunteer participation: An effective means to improve life satisfaction. Washington , DC : Corporation for National Service. .
- Gillette , A. 2003 . “ Taking people out of boxes and categories: Voluntary service and social cohesion. ” . In Service enquiry: Service in the 21st century Edited by: Perold , H. , Stroud , S. and Sherraden , M. 61 – 72 . Johannesburg , , South Africa : comPress. .
- Glaeser , E. L. , Laibson , D. , Scheinkman , J. A. and Soutter , C. L. 2000 . Measuring trust . The Quarterly Journal of Economics , 115 ( 3 ) : 811 – 846 .
- Hardina , D. 2003 . Linking citizen participation to empowerment practice: A historical overview . Journal of Community Practice , 11 ( 4 ) : 11 – 38 .
- Hendricks , C. O. and Rudich , G. 2000 . A community building perspective in social work education . Journal of Community Practice , 8 ( 3 ) : 21 – 36 .
- Hinterlong , J. E. and Williamson , A. 2006 . The effects of civic engagement of current and future cohorts of older adults . Generations , 30 ( 4 ) : 10 – 17 .
- Keeter , S. 2002 . Civic Engagement Quiz—Full Version. Center for Information & Research on Civic Learning and Engagement and Pew Charitable Trusts. . Retrieved from www.civicyouth.org
- Kelly , D. 2009 . In preparation for adulthood: Exploring civic participation and social trust among young minorities . Youth and Society , 40 ( 4 ) : 526 – 540 .
- Kwak , N. , Shah , D. V. and Holbert , R. L. 2004 . Connecting, trusting and participating: The direct and interactive effects of social associations . Political Research Quarterly , 57 ( 4 ) : 643 – 652 .
- Lam , P. 2006 . Religion and civic culture: A cross-national study of voluntary association membership . Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion , 45 ( 2 ) : 177 – 193 .
- Liu , Q. A. , Ryan , V. , Aurbach , H. and Besser , T. 1998 . The influence of local church participation on rural community attachment . Rural Sociology , 63 ( 3 ) : 432 – 450 .
- Newton , K. 2001 . Trust, social capital, civic society and democracy . International Political Science Review , 22 ( 2 ) : 201 – 214 .
- Oesterle , S. , Johnson , M. K. and Mortimer , J. T. 2004 . Volunteerism during the transition to adulthood: A life course perspective . Social Forces , 82 ( 3 ) : 1123 – 1149 .
- Park , N. 2004 . The role of subjective well-being in positive youth development . ANNALS, AAPSS , 591 : 25 – 39 .
- Putnam , R. D. 2000 . Bowling alone: Civic disengagement in America New York , NY : Simon & Schuster. .
- Tönnies , F. 1940 . Fundamental concepts of sociology New York , NY : America Book Company. .
- Weber , M. 1904 . Protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism New York , NY : Oxford University Press. .