1,864
Views
7
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
History, Philosophy, and Theory

Womanism and Afrocentricity: Understanding the intersection

References

  • Akbar, N. (1996). Breaking the chains of psychological slavery. Tallahassee, FL: Mind Productions.
  • Alexander, M. (2010). The new Jim Crow. New York, NY: New Press.
  • Alexander-Floyd, N. G. (2004). Interdisciplinary, Black politics, and the Million Man March: A case study. In M. Herndon (Ed.), An Introduction to interdisciplinary studies (pp. 90–110). Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt.
  • Alexander-Floyd, N. G. (2012). Disappearing acts: Reclaiming intersectionality in the social sciences in a post-Black feminist era. Feminist Formations, 24(1), 1–25. doi:10.1353/ff.2012.0003
  • Ani, M. (1994). Let the circle be unbroken: The implications of African spirituality in the Diaspora. Ewing Township, NJ: Red Sea Press.
  • Armstrong, J. B. (2011). Mary Turner and the memory of lynching. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press.
  • Badenhausen, K. (2016). Serena Williams tops Sharapova as the world’s highest-paid female athlete. Forbes. Retrieved from http://www.forbes.com/sites/kurtbadenhausen/2016/06/06/serena-tops-sharapova-as-the-worlds-highest-paid-female-athlete/#48ae1a224f79
  • Balfour, L. (2005). Representative women: Slavery, citizenship, and feminist theory in Du Bois’s “damnation of women”. Hypatia, 20(3), 127–148.
  • Bell, E. L. (2004). Myths, stereotypes, and realities of Black women: A personal reflection. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 40, 146–159. doi:10.1177/0021886304263852
  • Bent-Goodley, T., St. Vil, N., & Rodgers, S. T. (2012). Racism. In J. L. Postmus (Ed.), Sexual violence and abuse: An encyclopedia of prevention, impacts, and recovery (pp. 445–447). Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO.
  • Berrey, M. E. (2015). The Enigma of diversity: The language of race and the limits of racial justice. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
  • Blay, Z. (2016). What Daniel Holtzclaw’s 263-year prison sentence means for Black women. Black Voices: Black women’s lives matter. Huffington Post. Retrieved from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/what-daniel-holtzclaws-263-year-prison-sentence-means-for-black-women_us_56a14447e4b076aadcc5c170
  • Boisnier, A. D. (2003). Race and women’s identity development: Distinguishing between feminism and womanism among Black and White women. Sex Roles, 49(5/6), 211–218. doi:10.1023/A:1024696022407
  • Boyce-Davies, C. (2015). Writing Black women into political leadership: Reflections, trends, and contradictions. In J. I. Levitt (Ed.), Black women and international law: Deliberate interactions, movements, and actions (pp. 23–36). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
  • Brown, D. L. (2008). African American resiliency: Examining racial socialization and social support as protective factors. Journal of Black Psychology, 34, 32–34. doi:10.1177/0095798407310538
  • Buchanan, I. H., Settles, H., & Langhout, R. D. (2007). Black women’s coping styles, psychological well-being, and work-related outcomes following sexual harassment. Black Women, Gender & Families, 1(2), 100–120.
  • Carlton-LaNey, I. (1994). The legacy of African-American leadership in social welfare. Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, 21, 5–11.
  • Carlton-LaNey, I. B. (Ed.). (2001). African American leadership: An empowerment tradition in social welfare history. Washington, DC: NASW Press.
  • Carter, R. T., & Forsyth, J. M. (2009). A guide to the forensic assessment of race-based traumatic stress reactions. Journal of American Academic Psychiatry Law, 37, 28–40.
  • Chisholm, S. (1970). Unbought and unbossed. New York, NY: Avon.
  • Chisholm, S. (1971, December). Race, revolution and women. Black Scholar, 3(4), 17–21. doi:10.1080/00064246.1971.11431202
  • Comas-Diaz, L. (2008). 2007 Carolyn Sherif award address: Spirita: Reclaiming womanist sacredness into feminism. Psychology of Women, 32, 13–21. doi:10.1111/j.1471-6402.2007.00403.x
  • Combahee River Collective. (1977). The Combahee River Collective statement. In B. Smith (Ed.), Home girls: A Black feminist anthology (pp. 264–274). New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
  • Cooper, A. J. ([1892] 1988). A voice from the South by Black women from the South. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  • Crenshaw, K. (1989). Demarginalizing the intersection of race and sex: A Black feminist critique of antidiscrimination doctrine, feminist theory and antiracist politics. University of Chicago Legal Forum, 140, 139–167.
  • Crenshaw, K. (1995). Mapping the margins: Intersectionality, identity politics, and violence against women of color. In K. Crenshaw, N. Gotanda, G. Peller, & K. Thomas (Eds.), Critical race theory (pp. 357–383). New York, NY: New Press.
  • Crenshaw, K. (2011). Twenty years of critical race theory: Looking back to move forward. Connecticut Law Journal, 43(5), 1253–1352.
  • Crenshaw, K. (2012). From private violence to mass incarceration: Thinking intersectionality about women, race, and social control. UCLA Law Review, 59, 1418–1472.
  • Council on Social Work Education (CSWE). (2008). Educational policy and accreditation standards. Alexandria, VA: Author.
  • Council on Social Work Education (CSWE). (2015). Educational policy and accreditation standards. Alexandria, VA: Author.
  • DeGruy, J. (2005). Posttraumatic slave syndrome. Milwaukee, WI: Uptone Press.
  • Du Bois, W. E. B. ([1903] 1935). Black reconstruction in America, 1860–1880. New York, NY: Russell & Russell.
  • Du Bois, W. E. B. ([1920] 1999). The damnation of women. In W. E. B. Du Bois (Ed.), Darkwater: Voices from within the veil (pp. 95–108). Mineola, NY: Dover Publications.
  • Few, A. L. (2007). Integrating Black consciousness and critical race feminism into family studies research. Journal of Family Issues, 28, 452–473. doi:10.1177/0192513X06297330
  • Franklin, J. H., & Higginbotham, E. B. (2011). From slavery to freedom: A history of African Americans. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
  • Friedan, B. (1963). The feminine mystique. New York, NY: W. W. Norton.
  • Giddings, P. (1986). When and where I enter: The impact of Black women on race and sex in America (2nd ed.). New York, NY: William Morrow.
  • Gray-White, D. (1999). Ar’n’t I a woman? Female slaves in the plantation South. New York, NY: W. W. Norton.
  • Greene, L. S. (2015). African-American women on the world stage: The fourth world conference on women in Beijing. In J. I. Levitt (Ed.), Black women and international law: Deliberate interactions, movements, and actions (pp. 147–167). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
  • Guy-Sheftall, B. (1986). Remembering Sojourner Truth: On Black feminism. Catalyst, 54–57.
  • Harrington, E. F., Crowther, J. H., & Shipherd, J. C. (2010). Trauma, binge eating, and the “Strong Black woman.” Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 78(4), 469–479. doi:10.1037/a0019174
  • Harris, F. C. (2012). The price of the ticket: Barack Obama and the rise and decline of Black politics. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  • Hill-Collins, P. (1991). Black feminist thought: Knowledge, consciousness, and the politics of empowerment. New York, NY: Routledge, Chapman and Hall.
  • Hill-Collins, P. (1998). It’s all in the family: Intersections of gender, race, and nation. Hypatia, 13, 61–82. doi:10.1111/j.1527-2001.1998.tb01370.x
  • Hine, D. C. (Ed.). (2005). Black women in America (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  • hooks, b. (1981). Ain’t I a woman. Boston, MA: South End Press.
  • hooks, b. (1984). Feminist theory: From margin to center. Boston, MA: South End Press.
  • hooks, b. (1995). Killing rage: Ending racism. New York, NY: Henry Holt.
  • Hudson-Weems, C. (1989). Cultural and agendas conflicts in academia: Critical issues for Africana women’s studies. Western Journal of Black Studies, 13(4), 185–189.
  • Hudson-Weems, C. (1993). Africana womanism: Reclaiming ourselves. Troy, MI: Bedford Publishers.
  • Hurston, Z. N. (1995). Their eyes were watching god. New York, NY: Perennial Press.
  • Isacc, A. R., Lockhart, L. L., & Williams, L. (2001). Violence against African American in prisons and jails: Who is minding the shop? Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 4(2/3), 129–154. doi:10.1300/J137v04n02_07
  • Jones, L. V., & Gay-Sheftall, B. (2015). Conquering the Black girl blues. Social Work, 60(4), 343–350. doi:10.1093/sw/swv032
  • Jordan-Zachery, J. S. (2007). Am I a Black women or a woman who is Black? A few thoughts on the meaning of intersectionality. Politics & Gender, 3(2), 254–263. doi:10.1017/S1743923X07000074
  • Karenga, M. (1993). Introduction to Black studies (2nd ed.). Los Angeles, CA: University of Sankore Press.
  • Ladson-Billings, G. (1996). Your blues ain’t like mine: Keeping issues of race and racism on the multicultural agenda. Theory into Practice, 35(4), 248–255. doi:10.1080/00405849609543731
  • Lesher, S. (1972, June 25). The short, unhappy life of Black presidential politics. New York Times, p. SM12.
  • Lorde, A. (1984). Sister outsider: Essays and speeches. Berkeley, CA: Crossing Press.
  • Luther, C. A., Kennedy, D. A., & Combs-Orme, T. (2005). Intertwining of poverty, gender, and race: A critical analysis of welfare news coverage from 1993–2000. Race, Gender, & Class, 12(2), 10–33.
  • Marbley, A. F. (2005). African-American women’s feelings on alienation from Third-Wave feminism: A conversation with my sisters. Western Journal of Black Studies, 29(3), 605–614.
  • Martin, E. P., & Martin, J. M. (2002). Spirituality and the Black helping tradition in social work. Washington, DC: NASW Press.
  • Mattsson, T. (2014). Intersectionality as a useful tool: Anti-oppressive social and critical reflection. Affilia: Journal of Women and Social Work, 29(1), 8–17. doi:10.1177/08886109913510659
  • McCall, L. (2005). The complexity of intersectionality. Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 30(31), 1771–1800. doi:10.1086/426800
  • McLaurin, M. (2012). Celia, a slave (Kindle ed.). Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press.
  • Moynihan, D. P. (1965). The negro family: The case for national action. Washington, DC: Office of Policy and Research, U.S. Department of Labor.
  • Muhs, G. G., Niemann, Y. F., Gonzalez, C. G., & Harris, A. P. (Eds.). (2012). Presumed incompetent: The intersection of race and class for women in academia. Boulder, CO: University Press of Colorado.
  • Murphy, Y., Hunt, V., Zajicek, A. M., Norris, A. N., & Hamilton, L. (2009). Incorporating intersectionality in social work practice, research, policy, and education. Washington, DC: NASW Press.
  • National Association of Black Social Workers (NABSW). (n.d.). Code of ethics of the National Association of Black Social Workers. Retrieved from http://nabsw.org/?page=CodeofEthics
  • National Association of Social Workers (NASW). (2008). Code of ethics of the national association of social workers. Washington, DC: NASW Press.
  • Pellebon, D. (2012). Is Afrocentricity marginalized in social work education? A survey of HBSE instructors. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 22, 1–19. doi:10.1080/10911359.2011.588573
  • Pough, G. (2003). Do the ladies run this…? Some thoughts on Hip-hop feminism. In R. Dicker & A. Pipemeier (Eds.), Catching a wave: Reclaiming Feminism for the 21st century (pp. 232–243). Boston, MA: Northeastern University Press.
  • Roberts, D. E. (1997). Killing the Black body: Race, reproduction and the meaning of liberty. New York, NY: Pantheon Books.
  • Roberts, D. E. (2012). Prison, foster care, and the systemic punishment of Black mothers. UCLA Law Review, 59, 1474–1500.
  • Rodgers, S. T. (2006). The Art of healing: An Afrocentric helping guide for practitioners working with African-American families who experience intimate partner violence. In R. L. Hampton & T. P. Gullotta (Eds.), Interpersonal violence in the African-American community: Evidence-based prevention and treatment practices (pp. 121–147). New York, NY: Springer-Verlag.
  • Rodgers, S. T. (2015, August). Racism. In C. Franklin (Ed.), Encyclopedia of social work online (ESWO) (21st ed.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  • Sakamoto, I., Anastas, J. W., McPhail, B., & Colarossi, I. (2008). Current status of women in social work education. Journal of Social Work Education, 44(1), 37–62. doi:10.5175/JSWE.2008.200600103
  • Scully, J. A. M. (2015). Black women and the development of international reproductive health norms. In J. I. Levitt (Ed.), Black women and international law: Deliberate interactions, movements, and actions (pp. 225–249). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
  • Shakur A. (1987). Assata: An autobiography. Chicago, IL: L. Hill.
  • Sheridan, M. J. (2004). Predicting the use of spiritually derived interventions in social work practice: A survey of practitioners. Journal of Religion & Spirituality in Social Work, 23(4), 5–25. doi:10.1300/J377v23n04_02
  • Shorter-Gooden, K. (2004). Multiple resistance strategies: How African American women cope with racism and sexism.” Journal of Black Psychology, 30, 406–425. doi:10.1177/0095798404266050
  • Simien, E. M., & Clawson, R. A. (2004). The intersection of race and gender: An examination of Black feminist consciousness, race consciousness, and policy attitudes. Social Science Quarterly, 85, 793–810. doi:10.1111/ssqu.2004.85.issue-3
  • Sirleaf, E. J. (2010). This child will be great: Memoir of a remarkable life by Africa’s first woman president. New York, NY: Harper Collins.
  • Skloot, R. (2010). The immortal life of Henrietta lacks. New York, NY: Broadway Books.
  • Terborg-Penn, R. (1980). Teaching the history of Black women: A bibliographical easy. History Teacher, 13(2), 245–250. doi:10.2307/491925
  • Thomas, A. J., Witherspoon, K. M., & Speight, S. L. (2004). Toward the development of the stereotypic roles for Black woman scale. Journal of Black Psychology, 30, 426–442. doi:10.1177/0095798404266061
  • Thomas, A. J., Witherspoon, K. M., & Speight, S. L. (2008). Gendered racism, psychological distress, and coping styles of African American Women. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 14(4), 307–314. doi:10.1037/1099-9809.14.4.307
  • Turner, C. S. V., González, J. C., & Wong, K. L. (2011). Faculty women of color: The critical nexus of race and gender. Journal of Diversity in Higher Education, 4(4), 199–211. doi:10.1037/a0024630
  • Utsey, S. O., Giesbrecht, N., Hook, J. N., & Standard, P. M. (2008). Cultural, sociofamilial, and psychological resources that inhibit psychological distress in African Americans exposed to stressful life events and race-related stress. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 55, 49–69. doi:10.1037/0022-0167.55.1.49
  • Valandra, V. (2007, Summer). Reclaiming their lives and breaking free: An afrocentric approach to recovery from prostitution. Affilia: Journal of Women, 22, 195–208. doi:10.1177/0886109907299052
  • Walker, A. (1983). In search of our mothers’ gardens: Womanist prose. San Diego, CA: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
  • Walker, R. (1995). To be real: Telling the truth and changing the face of feminism. New York, NY: Anchor Books.
  • Wallace, M. (1975, 28 July). A Black feminist’s search for sisterhood. Village Voice, pp. 6–7.
  • Wallace, S. A., Townsend, T. G., Glasgow, Y. M., & Ojie, M. J. (2011). Gold diggers, video vixens, and Jezebels: Stereotype images and substance use among urban African American girls. Journal of Women’s Health, 20(9), 1315–1324. doi:10.1089/jwh.2010.2223
  • West, C. (1995). Mammy, Sapphire, and Jezebel: Historical images of Black women and their implications for psychotherapy. Psychotherapy, 32, 458–466. doi:10.1037/0033-3204.32.3.458
  • West, C. (2004). Mammy, Jezebel, and Sapphire: Developing an “oppositional gaze” toward the image of Black women. In J. C. Chrisler, C. Golden, & P. D. Rozee (Eds.), Lectures on the psychology of women (3rd ed., pp. 220–233). New York, NY: McGraw Hill.
  • Williams, J. (1999). Unbending gender: Why family and work conflict and what to do about it. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  • Wing, A. K. (1997). Brief reflections toward a multiplicative theory and praxis of being. In A. K. Wing (Ed.), Critical race feminism. New York, NY: New York University Press.
  • Wing, A. K. (Ed.). (2000). Global critical race feminism: An international reader. New York, NY: New York University Press.
  • Wing, A. K., & Wills, C. A. (1999). From theory to praxis: Black women, gangs, and Critical Race Feminism. La Raza Law Journal, 11(1), 1–15.
  • Wingfield, A. H. (2007). The modern mammy and the angry Black man: African American professional’s experiences with gendered racism in the workplace. Race, Gender, & Class, 14(1–2), 196–212.
  • Woods-Giscombè, C. L., & Lobel, M. (2008). Race and gender matter: A multidimensional approach to conceptualizing and measuring stress in African American women. Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology, 14(3), 173–182. doi:10.1037/1099-9809.14.3.173
  • World Health Organization. (2014). Eliminating forced, coercive and otherwise involuntary sterilization: An interagency statement, OHCHR, UN Women, UNAIDS, UNDP, UNFPA, UNICEF and WHO. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/gender_rights/eliminating-forced-sterilization/en/
  • Wright, R. L., Bird, M., & Frost, C. J. (2015). Reproductive health in the United States: A review of the social work literature. Social Work, 60(4), 295–304. doi:10.1093/sw/swv028
  • Yamada, A. M., Rozas, L. M. W., & Cross-Denny, B. (2015, March). Intersectionality and social work. In Encyclopedia of social work online (ESWO) (21th ed.). New York, NY: NASW Press and Oxford University Press.
  • U.S. Const. amend. XIV. (1868). Retrieved from https://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=true&doc=43

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.