References
- Aayog, N. (2020). Government of India. https://www.niti.gov.in/niti/content/population-density-sq-km].
- Aiello, J. R. (1987). Human spatial behavior. In D. Stokols & I. Altman (Eds.), Handbook of environmental psychology (pp. 389–504). Wiley.
- Anderson, R. M., Heesterbeek, H., Klinkenberg, D., & Hollingsworth, T. D. (2020). How will country-based mitigation measures influence the course of the COVID-19 epidemic? The Lancet, 395(10228), 931–934. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30567-5
- Baldassare, M., & Feller, S. (1975). Cultural variations in personal space. Ethos, 3(4), 481–503. https://doi.org/10.1525/eth.1975.3.4.02a00020
- Beaulieu, C. (2004). Intercultural study of personal space: A case study. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 34(4), 794–805. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2004.tb02571.x
- Bijur, A. (2020). Not social distancing; let’s call it physical distancing instead. https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/bangalore/cover-story/lets-call-it physicaldistancinginstead/articleshow/74901919.cms??utm_source=contentofinterest&utm_medium=text&utm_campaign=cppst. BangaloreMirror
- Burgess, J. W. (1983). Interpersonal spacing behavior between surrounding nearest neighbors reflects both familiarity and environmental density. Ethology and Sociobiology, 4(1), 11–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/0162-3095(83)90003-1
- Centers for Disease Control & Prevention. (2020a). Public health recommendations for community-related exposure. USA: Department of Health and Human Services. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/php/public-health-recommendations.html
- Centres for Disease Control & Prevention. (2020b). Social distancing, quarantine, and isolation. USA: Department of Health and Human Services. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/social-distancing.html
- Desai, A. N., & Patel, P. (2020). Stopping the spread of COVID-19. JAMA, 323(15), 1516. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.4269
- Dileep.V, M. (1995). Indian ‘plague’ epidemic: Unanswered questions and key lessons. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 88(10), 547–551.
- Dutta, P. K. (2020). Challenge to fighting coronavirus in India: 36% wash hands with soap before a meal, 2020. India Today. https://www.indiatoday.in/coronavirus-outbreak/story/challenge-to-fighting-coronavirus-in-india-36-wash-hands-with-soap-before-a-meal-1660295-2020-03-27
- Feng, S., Shen, C., Xia, N., Song, W., Fan, M., & Cowling, B. J. (2020). Rational use of face masks in the COVID-19 pandemic. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 8(5), 434–436. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30134-X
- Fenichel, E. P. (2013). Economic considerations for social distancing and behavioural based policies during an epidemic. Journal of Health Economics, 32(2), 440–451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2013.01.002
- Forston, R. F., & Larson, C. U. (1968). The dynamics of space: An experimental study in proxemic behavior among Latin Americans and North Americans. Journal of Communication, 18(2), 109–116. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1968.tb00061.x
- Fotaki, M., & Prasad, A. (2015). Questioning Neoliberal capitalism and economic inequality in business schools. Academy of Management Learning and Education, 14(4), 556–575. https://doi.org/10.5465/amle.2014.0182
- Gerin-Lajoie, M., Richards, C. L., & McFadyen, B. J. (2006). The circumvention of obstacles during walking in different environmental contexts: A comparison between older and younger adults. Gait & Posture, 24(3), 364–369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2005.11.001
- Ghosh, A. (2020). 43% of Covid patients in India who died had no comorbidities: Govt analysis. The Print. https://theprint.in/health/43-of-covid-patients-in-india-who-died-had-no-comorbidities-govt analysis/453687/
- Hall, E. T. (1966). The hidden dimension. Doubleday.
- Honigsbaum, M. (2009). Historical keyword Pandemic. The Lancet, 373(9679), 1939. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61053-9
- Horenstein, V. D. P., & Downey, J. L. (2003). A cross-cultural investigation of self-disclosure. North American Journal of Psychology, 5(3), 373–386. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2003-11061-007
- Ijzerman, H., & Semin, G. R. (2010). Temperature perceptions as a ground for social proximity. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 46(6), 867–873. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2010.07.015
- India Today Web Desk. (2020). Coronavirus: 76% Covid-19 patients’ men, 24% women in India, says health ministry. India Today. https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/coronavirus-health-ministry-pc-73-percent-male-patients-26-percent-female-india-1663922-2020-04-06
- Mack, A., Choffnes, E. R., Sparling, P. F., Hamburg, M. A., & Lemon, S. M. (Eds.). (2007). Ethical and legal considerations in mitigating pandemic disease: Workshop summary. National Academies Press.
- Mampatta, S. P. (2020). Rural India vs Covid-19: Train curbs a relief but challenges remain. Business Standard, p. 23.
- Mazur, A. (1977). Interpersonal spacing on public benches in “Contact” Vs. “Noncontact” Cultures. The Journal of Social Psychology, 101(1), 53–58. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.1977.9923983
- Meisels, M., & Canter, F. M. (1970). Personal space and personality characteristics: A non-confirmation. Psychological Reports, 27(2), 287–390. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1970.27.2.287
- Merriam-Webster. (2020). Definition of social distancing. Merriam-Webster. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/social%20distancing#h1
- Ministry of Health & Family Welfare. (2020). Advisory on social distancing measure in view of spread of COVID-19 disease. Government of India. https://www.mohfw.gov.in/pdf/SocialDistancingAdvisorybyMOHFW.pdf
- Muthu, V. K. (2005). A short handbook of public health. In Jaypee brothers med (pp. 22−30). Publishers (P) Ltd. ISBN 10: 9351522288.
- NADA India. (2020). Appeal by NADA India, NAPSWI. Government of India. https://radioclubindia.blogspot.com/2020/04/appeal-to-use-phrasephysical. html; https://nadanewsupdate.blogspot.com/2020/04/napswi-and-nada-india-appeal-topublic. html?m=1
- Ozdemir, A. (2008). Shopping malls: Measuring interpersonal distance under changing conditions and across cultures. Field Methods, 20(3), 226–248. https://doi.org/10.1177/1525822X08316605
- Patterson, M. L., & Edinger, J. A. (1987). A functional analysis of space in social interaction. In A. W. Siegman & S. Feldstein (Eds.), Nonverbal behavior and communication (pp. 523–562). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
- Piwat., S., Pakara., Y., & Yasri, P. (2020). Effects of social distancing, self-quarantine and self-isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic on people’s well-being and how to cope with it. International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research, 5(2), 12–20. ISSN: 2455-7587.
- Prachee, J., & Vaidya-Kannur, H. (2020). The social impact of Covid-19 in India. Sakal Times. https://www.sakaltimes.com/opinion/social-impact-covid-19-india-49313
- Prem, K., Liu, Y., Russell, T. W., Kucharski, A. J., Eggo, R. M., Davies, N., Pearson, C. A., Munday, J. D., Pearson, C. A., Munday, J. D., Abbott, S., Munday, J. D., Abbott, S., Gibbs, H., Rosello, A., Quilty, B. J., Jombart, T., Sun, F., Diamond, C., Gimma, A., & Hellewell, J. (2020). The effect of control strategies to reduce social mixing on outcomes of the COVID-19 epidemic in Wuhan, China: A modelling study. The Lancet Public Health, 5(5), e261–e270. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30073-6
- PTI (2020). What is happening to migrant labourers is greatest human tragedy of our times: Congress. Times of India. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/75661960.cms?utm_source=contentofinterest&utm_medium=text&utm_campaign=cppst
- Rapp, M. A., & Gutzmann, H. (2000). Invasions of personal space in demented and nondemented elderly persons. International Psychogeriatrics, 12(3), 345–352. https://doi.org/10.1017/S104161020000644X
- Remland, M. S., Jones, T. S., & Brinkman, H. (1995). Interpersonal distance, body orientation, and touch: Effects of culture, gender, and age. The Journal of Social Psychology, 135(3), 281–297. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.1995.9713958
- Saaliq, S. (2020, March 20). Lack of clean water for India’s poor spawns virus concerns. The Diplomat. https://thediplomat.com/2020/03/lack-of-clean-water-for-indias-poor-spawns-virus-concerns/
- Schaller, M., & Murray, D. R. (2008). Pathogens, personality, and culture: Disease prevalence predicts worldwide variability in sociosexuality, extraversion, and openness to experience. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95(1), 212–221. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.95.1.212
- Schweon, S. J., Edmonds, S. L., Kirk, J., Rowland, D. Y., & Acosta, C. (2013). Effectiveness of a comprehensive hand hygiene program for reduction of infection rates in a long-term care facility. American Journal of Infection Control, 41(1), 39–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2012.02.010
- Sebastian, M. R., Lodha, R., & Kabra, S. K. (2009). Swine origin influenza (swine flu). The Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 76(8), 833. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-009-0170-6
- Segarra, P., & Prasad, A. (2020). Colonization, migration, and right-wing extremism: The constitution of embodied life of a dispossessed undocumented immigrant woman. Organization, 27(1), 174–187. https://doi.org/10.1177/1350508419828574
- Smith, H. W. (1981). Territorial spacing on a beach revisited: A cross-national exploration. Social Psychology Quarterly, 44(2), 132–137. https://doi.org/10.2307/3033709
- Sommer, R. (1959). Studies in personal space. Sociometry, 22(3), 247–260. https://doi.org/10.2307/2785668
- Sorokowska, A., Sorokowski, P., Hilpert, P., Cantarero, K., Frackowiak, T., Ahmadi, K., Alghraibeh, A. M., Aryeetey, R., Bertoni, A., Bettache, K., Blumen, S., Błażejewska, M., Bortolini, T., Butovskaya, M., Castro, F. N., Cetinkaya, H., Cunha, D., David, D., David, O. A., Dileym, F. A., Pierce, J. D. (2017). Preferred interpersonal distances: A global comparison. Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology, 48(4), 577–592. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022117698039
- Sorokowski, P., Sorokowska, A., Onyishi, I. E., & Szarota, P. (2013). Montesquieu hypothesis and football Players from hot countries are more expressive after scoring a goal. Polish Psychological Bulletin, 44(4), 421–430. https://doi.org/10.2478/ppb-2013-0045
- Sussman, N. M., & Rosenfeld, H. M. (1982). Influence of culture, language, and sex on conversational distance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42(1), 66–74. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.42.1.66
- Vetter, P., Eckerle, I., & Kaiser, L., (2020). Covid-19: A puzzle with many missing pieces. Editorial, BMJ, 368. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m627
- Vranic, A. (2003). Personal space in physically abused children. Environment and Behavior, 35(4), 550–565. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916503035004006
- Watson, O. M. (1970). Proxemic behavior: A cross-cultural study. Mouton.
- Webb, J. D., & Weber, M. J. (2003). Influence of sensory abilities on the interpersonal distance of the elderly. Environment and Behavior, 35(5), 695–711. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916503251473
- Williams, L. E., & Bargh, J. A. (2008). Experiencing physical warmth promotes interpersonal warmth. Science, 322(5901), 606–607. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1162548
- Wolff, R. 2020. No Cover-Up Here: A Descriptive Study of Observations of Coughing on Hands and the Lack of Proper Respiratory Hygiene Behaviors or Cough Etiquette (pp. 1-12). https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.10.2139/ssrn.3565981
- Worden, R. L., & Heitzman, J., Eds.. (1995). Themes in Indian society. India: A country study. Federal Research Division, Library of Congress. Retrieved from the Library of Congress. https://www.loc.gov/item/96019266/
- World Health Organization (2011). The classical definition of a pandemic is not elusive. Bull World Health Organization, 89(7), 540–541. https://doi.org/10.2471/blt.11.088815
- World Health Organization. (2020a). Modes of transmission of virus causing COVID-19: Implications for IPC precaution recommendations. https://www.who.int/newsroom/commentaries/detail/modes-of transmission- of-virus-causing-covid-19-implications-for-ipc-precautionrecommendations
- World Health Organization. (2020b). Five steps to kicking out Coronavirus. Received July 25, 2020, from https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/23-03-2020-pass-the-message-five-steps-to-kicking-out-coronavirus;https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public.
- Worldometers. (2020). Coronavirus Info. Worldometers.info. Received July 28, 2020, from https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/
- Wu, Z., & McGoogan, J. M. (2020). Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: Summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese center for disease control and prevention. JAMA, 323(13), 1239–1242. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.2648
- Zhong, C. B., & Leonardelli, G. J. (2008). Cold and lonely does social exclusion literally feel cold? Psychological Science, 19(9), 838–842. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02165.x