448
Views
14
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

The Psychometric Properties of the Perceived Motivational Climate in Exercise Questionnaire

, &
Pages 22-39 | Published online: 26 Dec 2012

REFERENCES

  • Ames , C. 1992 . Classrooms: Goals, structure and student motivation . Journal of Educational Psychology , 84 : 261 – 271 . doi: 10.1037/0022-0663.84.3.261
  • Ames , C. and Archer , J. 1988 . Achievement goals in the classroom: Students' learning strategies and motivation processes . Journal of Educational Psychology , 80 ( 3 ) : 260 – 267 . doi: 10.1037/0022-0663.80.3.260
  • Backhouse , S. H. , Ekkekakis , P. , Biddle , S. J. H. , Foskett , A. and Williams , C. 2007 . Exercise makes people feel better but people are inactive: Paradox or artifact? . Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology , 29 : 498 – 517 .
  • Bagozzi , R. P. and Yi , Y. 1988 . On the evaluation of structural equation models . Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science , 16 : 74 – 94 . doi: 10.1007/BF02723327
  • Berger , B. G. and Motl , R. W. 2000 . Exercise and mood: A selective review and synthesis of research employing the Profile of Mood States . Journal of Applied Sport Psychology , 12 : 69 – 92 . doi: 10.1080/10413200008404214
  • Brown , T. A. 2006 . Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research , New York , NY : The Guilford Press .
  • Brown , T. C. and Fry , M. D. 2011 . Helping members commit to exercise: Specific strategies to impact the climate at fitness centers . Journal of Sport Psychology in Action , 2 ( 2 ) : 70 – 80 .
  • Cecchini , J. A. , Gonzalez , C. , Carmona , A. M. , Arruza , J. , Escarti , A. and Balague , G. 2001 . The influence of the physical education teacher on intrinsic motivation, self-confidence, anxiety, and pre- and post-competition mood states . European Journal of Sport Science , 1 ( 4 ) : 1 doi: 10.1080/17461390100071407
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2007). State of aging and health of America 2007 Report. http://www.cdc.gov (http://www.cdc.gov) (Accessed: 22 April 2009 ).
  • Cheung , G. and Rensvold , R. B. 2002 . Evaluating goodness-of-fit indexes for testing measurement invariance . Structural Equation Modeling , 92 ( 2 ) : 233 – 255 .
  • Colagiuri , R. , Colagiuri , S. , Yach , D. and Pramming , S. 2006 . The answer to diabetes prevention: Science, surgery, service delivery, or social policy? . American Journal of Public Health , 96 ( 9 ) : 1562 – 1569 .
  • Craig , C. I. , Russell , S. J. , Cameron , C. and Beaulieu , A. 1999 . Foundation for joint action: Reducing physical inactivity , Ottawa , ON : Canadian Fitness and Lifestyle Research Institute .
  • Cunningham , G. B. and Xiang , P. 2008 . Testing the mediating role of perceived motivational climate in the relationship between achievement goals and satisfaction: Are these relationships invariant across sex? . Journal of Teaching in Physical Education , 27 ( 2 ) : 192 – 204 .
  • Ekkekakis , P. and Petruzzello , S. J. 2000 . Analysis of the affect measurement conundrum in exercise psychology: I. Fundamental issues . Psychology of Sport and Exercise , 1 : 71 – 88 .
  • Ekkekakis , P. and Petruzzello , S. J. 2001 . Analysis of the affect measurement conundrum in exercise psychology II: A conceptual and methodological critique of the exercise-induced feeling inventory . Psychology of Sport & Exercise , 2 : 1 – 26 .
  • Fornell , C. and Larcker , D. F. 1981 . Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error . Journal of Marketing Research , 18 ( 1 ) : 39 – 50 .
  • Fry , M. D. and Gano-Overway , L. 2010 . Exploring the contributions of the caring climate to the youth sport experience . Journal of Applied Sport Psychology , 22 ( 3 ) : 294 – 300 . doi: 210.1080/10413201003776352
  • Gano-Overway , L. A. , Newton , M. , Magyar , T. M. , Fry , M. D. , Kim , M. S. and Guivernau , M. R. 2009 . Influence of caring youth sport contexts on efficacy-related beliefs and social behaviors . Developmental Psychology , 99 ( 9 ) : 329 – 340 .
  • González -Cutre , D. , Scicilia , A. , Moreno , J. A. and Fernandez-Balboa , J. M. 2009 . Dispositional flow in physical education: Relationships with motivational climate, social goals and perceived competence . Journal of Teaching in Physical Education , 28 : 422 – 440 .
  • Graham , J. W. , Cumsille , P. and Elek-Fisk , E. 2003 . “ Methods for handling missing data ” . In Research methods in psychology , Edited by: Schinka , J. and Velicer , W. F. Vol. 2 , 87 – 114 . New York , NY : John Wiley & Sons .
  • Guszkowska , M. and Sionek , S. 2009 . Changes in mood states and selected personality traits in women participating in a 12-week exercise program . Human Movement , 10 ( 2 ) : 163 – 169 . doi: 10.2478/v10038-009-0014-2
  • Hu , L. and Bentler , P. M. 1999 . Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives . Structural Equation Modeling , 6 : 1 – 55 .
  • Huddleston , H. , Fry , M. D. and Brown , T. C. 2012 . Corporate fitness members' perceptions of the environment and their intrinsic motivation . Revista de Psicología del Deporte , 21 ( 1 ) : 18 – 23 .
  • Jöreskog , K. G. and Sörbom , D. 1996 . LISREL 8 user's reference guide , Uppsala , , Sweden : Scientific Software International .
  • Kanning , M. and Schlicht , W. 2010 . Be active and become happy: An ecological momentary assessment of physical activity and mood . Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology , 32 ( 2 ) : 253 – 261 .
  • Kline , R. B. 2010 . Principles and practice of structural equation modeling , 3rd , New York , NY : Guilford .
  • Lee , J. , Little , T. D. and Preacher , K. J. 2011 . “ Partial factorial invariance in cross-cultural research ” . In Cross-cultural data analysis: Methods and applications , Edited by: Davidov , E. , Schmidt , P. and Billiet , J. 55 – 84 . New York , NY : Guilford Press .
  • Little , T. D. , Card , N. A. , Slegers , D. W. and Ledford , E. C. 2007 . “ Representing contextual effects in multiple-group MACS models. ” . In Modeling contextual effects in longitudinal studies , Edited by: Little , T. D. , Bovaird , J. A and Card , N. A. 121 – 147 . Mahwah , NJ : LEA .
  • Little , T. D. , Cunningham , W. A. , Shahar , G. and Widaman , K. F. 2002 . To parcel or not to parcel: Exploring the question, weighing the merits . Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal , 9 ( 2 ) : 151 – 173 . doi: 10.1207/S15328007SEM0902_1
  • Little , T. D. , Rhemtulla , M. , Gibson , K. and Schoemann , A. M. in press . “ Why the items versus parcels controversy needn't be one ” . In Psychological Methods
  • Little , T. D. , Slegers , D. W. and Card , N. A. 2006 . A non-arbitrary method of identifying and scaling latent variables in SEM and MACS models . Structural Equation Modeling , 13 ( 1 ) : 59 – 72 . doi: 10.1207/s15328007sem1301_3
  • MacCallum , R. C. and Austin , J. T. 2000 . Applications of structural equation modeling in psychological research . Annual Review of Psychology , 51 : 201 – 226 .
  • Magyar , T. M. , Guivernau , M. R. , Gano-Overway , L. A. , Newton , M. , Mi-Sook , K. , Watson , D. L. and Fry , M. D. 2007 . The influence of leader efficacy and emotional intelligence on personal caring in physical activity . Journal of Teaching in Physical Education , 26 : 310 – 319 .
  • Meade , A. W. , Johnson , E. C. and Braddy , P. W. 2008 . Power and sensitivity of alternative fit indices in tests of measurement in variance . Journal of Applied Psychology , 93 ( 3 ) : 568 – 592 .
  • Meredith , W. 1993 . Measurement invariance, factor analysis, and factorial invariance . Psychometrika , 58 : 525 – 543 .
  • Messick , S. 1995 . Validity of psychological assessment: Validation of inferences from persons' responses and performances as scientific inquiry into score meaning . American Psychologist , 50 : 741 – 749 .
  • Miller , B. W. , Roberts , G. C. and Ommundsen , Y. 2004 . Effect of motivational climate on sportspersonship among competitive youth male and female football players . Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports , 14 : 193 – 202 .
  • Murcia , J. A. M. , Gimeno , E. C. and Coll , D. G. C. 2008 . Relationships among goal orientations, motivational climate and flow in adolescent athletes: Differences by gender . The Spanish Journal of Psychology , 11 ( 1 ) : 181 – 191 .
  • Muthén , B. and Muthén , L. 2008 . Mplus user's guide , Los Angeles : Muthén & Muthén . doi: 10.3200/BMED.32.2.57-63
  • Newton , M. , Duda , J. L. and Yin , Z. 2000 . Examination of the psychometric properties of the Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire-2 in a sample of female athletes . Journal of Sports Sciences , 18 : 275 – 290 . doi: 10.1080/026404100365018
  • Newton , M. , Fry , M. , Watson , D. , Gano-Overway , L. , Mi-Sook , K. , Magyar , M. and Guivernau , M. 2007a . Psychometric properties of the Caring Climate Scale in a physical activity setting . Revista de Psicologia del Deporte , 16 ( 1 ) : 67 – 84 .
  • Newton , M. , Watson , D. L. , Gano-Overway , L. , Fry , M. D. , Mi-Sook , K. and Magyar , M. 2007b . The role of a caring-based intervention in a physical activity setting . The Urban Review , 39 ( 3 ) : 281 – 299 .
  • Nicholls , J. G. 1984 . Achievement motivation: Conceptions of ability, subjective experience, task choice and performance . Psychological Review , 91 : 328 – 346 .
  • Nicholls , J. G. 1989 . The competitive ethos and democratic education , Cambridge , MA : Harvard University Press .
  • Nicholls , J. G. and Hazzard , S. P. 1993 . Education as adventure: Lessons from the second grade , New York , NY : Teachers College Press .
  • Ntoumanis , N. 2002 . Motivational clusters in a sample of British physical education classes . Psychology of Sport and Exercise , 3 : 177 – 194 . doi: 10.1016/S1469-0292(01)00020-6
  • Ntoumanis , N. 2005 . A prospective study of participation in optional school physical education using a Self-Determination Theory Framework . Journal of Educational Psychology , 97 ( 3 ) : 444 – 453 . doi: 10.1037/0022-0663.97.3.444
  • Ntoumanis , N. and Biddle , S. J. H. 1999 . A review of motivational climate in physical activity . Journal of Sport Sciences , 17 : 643 – 665 . doi: 10.1080/026404199365678
  • Papaioannou , A. , Marsh , H. W. and Theodorakis , Y. 2004 . A multilevel approach to motivational climate in physical education and sport settings: An individual or a group level construct? . Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology , 26 ( 1 ) : 90 – 119 .
  • Parish , L. E. and Treasure , D. C. 2003 . Physical activity and situational motivation in physical education: Influence of the motivational climate and perceived ability . Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport , 74 : 173 – 182 .
  • Pensgaard , A. M. and Roberts , G. C. 2002 . Elite athletes' experiences of the motivational climate: The coach matters . Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports , 12 ( 1 ) : 54 – 59 .
  • Pressman , S. D. and Cohen , S. 2005 . Does positive affect influence health? . Psychological Bulletin , 131 ( 6 ) : 925 – 971 . doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.131.6.925
  • R Development Core Team. (2005). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing http://www.R-project.org (http://www.R-project.org)
  • Raedeke , T. D. 2007 . The relationship between enjoyment and affective responses to exercise . Journal of Applied Sport Psychology , 19 : 105 – 115 . doi: 10.1080/10413200601113638
  • Reinboth , M. and Duda , J. L. 2004 . The motivational climate, perceived ability and athletes' psychological and physical well-being . The Sport Psychologist , 18 : 237 – 251 .
  • Reinboth , M. and Duda , J. L. 2006 . Perceived motivational climate, need satisfaction and indices of well-being in team sports: A longitudinal perspective . Psychology of Sport and Exercise , 7 : 269 – 286 . doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2005.06.002
  • Rokka , S. , Mavridis , G. and Kouli , O. 2010 . The impact of exercise intensity on mood state of participants in dance aerobics programs . Studies in Physical Culture & Tourism , 17 ( 3 ) : 241 – 245 .
  • Schoenborn , C. A. , Adams , P. F. , Barnes , P. M. , Vickerie , J. L. and Schiller , J. S. 2004 . Health behaviors of adults: United States, 1999–2001. National Center for Health Statistics . Vital Health Statistics , 10 ( 219 ) : 1 – 79 .
  • Seifriz , J. J. , Duda , J. L. and Chi , L. 1992 . The relationship of perceived motivational climate to intrinsic motivation and beliefs about success in basketball . Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology , 14 : 375 – 391 .
  • Selig , J. P. , Card , N. A. and Little , T. D. 2008 . “ Latent variable structural equation modeling in cross-cultural research: Multigroup and multilevel approaches ” . In Individuals and cultures in multi-level analysis , Edited by: van de Vijver , F. J. R. , vanHemert , D. A. and Poortinga , Y. Mahwah , NJ : Erlbaum .
  • Smith , A. L. , Balaguer , I. and Duda , J. L. 2006 . Goal orientation profile differences on perceived motivational climate, perceived peer relationships, and motivation-related responses of youth athletes . Journal of Sports Sciences , 24 ( 12 ) : 1315 – 1327 .
  • Solmon , M. A. 1996 . Impact of motivational climate in students' behaviors and perceptions in a physical education setting . Journal of Educational Psychology , 88 : 731 – 738 .
  • Spittle , M. and Byrne , K. 2009 . The influence of sport education on student motivation in physical education . Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy , 14 ( 3 ) : 253 – 266 . doi: 10.1080/17408980801995239
  • Usala , P. and Hertzog , C. 1989 . Measurement of affective states in adults: Evaluation of an Adjective Rating Scale instrument . Research on Aging , 11 ( 4 ) : 403 – 426 . doi: 10.1177/0164027589114001
  • Vandenberg , R. J. and Lance , C. E. 2000 . A review and synthesis of the measurement invariance literature: Suggestions, practices, and recommendations for organizational research . Organizational Research Methods , 3 ( 1 ) : 4 – 70 .
  • Vlachopoulos , S. P. , Karageorghis , C. I. and Terry , P. C. 2000 . Motivation profiles in sport: A Self-Determination Theory perspective . Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport , 71 : 387 – 397 .
  • Walling , M. D. , Duda , J. L. and Chi , L. 1992 . The Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire: Construct and predictive validity . Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology , 15 : 172 – 183 .
  • Watson , D. , Clark , L. A. and Tellegen , A. 1988 . Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales . Journal of Personality Social Psychology , 54 : 1063 – 1070 . doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063
  • Widaman , K. F. and Reise , S. P. 1997 . “ Exploring the measurement invariance of psychological instruments: Applications in the substance use domain ” . In The science of prevention: Methodological advances from alcohol and substance abuse , Edited by: Bryant , K. J. , Windle , M. and West , S. G. 281 – 324 . Washington , DC : American Psychological Association .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.