163
Views
5
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

The Effect of Commercial Additives as Pour Point Depressants for Fuel Oils

REFERENCES

  • Ahmed, N.S., Nasser, A.M., Nasser, R.M., Khattab, A.F., and Abdel-Asim, A.A. (2012). Synthesis and evaluation of some polymers as lubricating oil additives. J. Dispers. Sci. Technol. 33:668–675.
  • Al-Sabagh, A.H., El-Hamouly, S.H., Khidr, T.T., El-Ghazawy, A., and Higazy, S.A. (2013). Preparation the esters of oleic acid-maleic anhydride copolymer and their evaluation as flow improvers of waxy crude oil. J. Dispers. Sci. Technol. 34:1585–1596.
  • Al-Sabagh, A.M., Kafrawy, A.F., Khidr, T.T., El-Ghazawy, R.A., and Mishrif, M.R. (2007). Synthesis and evaluation of some novel polymeric surfactants based on aromatic amines used as wax dispersion for waxy gas oil. J. Dispers. Sci. Technol. 28:976–983.
  • Al-Sabagh, A.M., Khalil, T.M., Sabaa, M.W., Khidr, T.T., and Saad, G.R. (2012). Poly(n-alkyl itaconate-co-vinyl acetate) as pour point depressants for lube oil in relation to rheological flow properties. J. Dispers. Sci. Technol. 33:1649–1660.
  • Al-Sabagh, A.M., Noor El-Din, M.R., Morsi, R.E., and Elsabee, M.Z. (2009). Styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers ester evaluate as flow improvers for waxy crude oil. J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 65:139–146.
  • Chen, W., Zhao, Z., and Yin, C.Y. (2010). The interaction of waxes with pour point depressants. Fuel 89:1127–1132.
  • Deshmukh, H.S., and Bharambe, D.P. (2008). Synthesis of polmeric pour point deperessant for Nadacrude oil Gujarat, India and its impact an oil rheology. Fuel Process. Technol. 89:227–233.
  • Deshmukh, H.S., and Bharambe, D.P. (2014). The improvement of low temperature flow characteristics of waxy crude oil using multifunctional polymeric additives. Pet. Sci. Technol. 32:1333–1339.
  • El-Gamal, I.M., Gad, E.A. M., Faramawi, S., and Gobiel, S. (1992). Flow improvement of waxy western desert gas oil. J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 55:123–130.
  • El-Gamal, I.M., and Gobiel, S. (1996). Synthesis and evaluation of poly-α-olefins for improving the flow properties of gas oil. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 61:1265–1272.
  • El-Gamal, I.M., Khidr, T.T., and Guiba, F.M. (1998). Nitrogen-based copolymers as wax dispersants for paraffinic gas oils. Fuel 77:375–385.
  • Hafiz, A.A., and Khidr, T.T. (2007). Hexa-triethanolamine oleate esters as pour point deperessant for waxy crude oils. J. Petrol. Sci. Eng. 56:296–302.
  • Khidr, T.T. (2007). Synthesis and evaluation of copolymers as pour-point depressants. J. Pet. Sci. Technol. 25:671–681.
  • Khidr, T.T. (2008). Synthesis of some additives and study effect of gas oil composition on flow properties. J. Dispers. Sci. Technol. 29:184–192.
  • Khidr, T.T. (2011). Pour point depressant, additives for waxy gas oil. J. Pet. Sci. Technol. 29:19–28.
  • Khidr, T.T., Azz, E.M. S., Mutawaa, S.S., and Omar, A.M. A. (2007). Study of some anionic surfactants as pour point depressants additives for a waxy gas oil. Indust. Lubricat. Tribol. 57:64–68.
  • Khidr, T.T., and Omar, A.M. A. (2003). Anionic/nonionic mixture of surfactants for pour point depression of gas oil. Egyptian J. Pet. 13:21–26.
  • Marquat, J.R., Dellow, G.B., and Freitas, E.R. (1968). Determination of normal paraffins in petroleum heavy distillates by urea adduction and gas chromatography. Anal. Chem. 40:1633–1637.
  • Petijean, D., Schmitt, J.F., Laine, V., Bouroukba, M., Cunat, C., and Dirand, M. (2008). Presence of isoalkanes in waxes and their influence on their physical properties. Energy Fuels 22:697–701.
  • Ray, S.S., Pandey, N.K., and Chatterjee, A.K. (2009). Effect of aromatics and isoalkanes on the pour point of different types of lube oils. Fuel 88:1629–1633.
  • Soni, H.P., Bharambe, D.P., Nagar, A., and Kiranbala, P. (2005). Synthesis of chemical additives and their effect on Akholjuni crude oil (Gujarat, India). Ind. J. Chem. Technol. 12:55–61.
  • Soni, H.P., Kiranbala, K., and Bharambe, D.P. (2008). Performance-based designing of wax crystal growth inhibitors. Energy Fuels 22:3930–3938.
  • Speight, J.G. (2001). Handbook of Petroleum Analysis. New York: Wiley.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.