Effect of supercritical CO₂ on limestone's pore structure based on NMR and SEM

References

• Bai, X., D. Zhang, S. Zeng, S. Zhang, D. Wang, and F. Wang. 2020. An enhanced coalbed methane recovery technique based on CO2 phase transition jet coal-breaking behavior. Fuel 265:116912. doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116912.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cui, W. X., and M. Y. Cui. 2017. Waterless stimulation for unconventional resources: An alternative to conventional water-based fracturing techniques. International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference, Abu Dhabi, 13-16 November. doi:10.2118/188740-MS.
   Google Scholar
• Cui, G., S. Ren, Z. Rui, J. Ezekiel, L. Zhang, and H. Wang. 2018. The influence of complicated fluid-rock interactions on the geothermal exploitation in the CO2 plume geothermal system. Applied Energy 227:49–63. doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.10.114.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elkhoury, J. E., P. Ameli, and R. L. Detwiler. 2013. Dissolution and deformation in fractured carbonates caused by flow of CO2-rich brine under reservoir conditions. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 16:S203–S215. doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2013.02.023.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fheed, A., and A. Krzyżak. 2017. A textural and diagenetic assessment of the Zechstein Limestone carbonates, Poland using the transverse Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering 152:538–48. doi:10.1016/j.petrol.2017.01.049.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo, X., Z. Huang, L. Zhao, W. Han, C. Ding, X. Sun, R. Yan, T. Zhang, X. Yang, and R. Wang. 2019. Pore structure and multi-fractal analysis of tight sandstone using MIP, NMR and NMRC methods: A case study from the Kuqa depression, China. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering 178:544–58. doi:10.1016/j.petrol.2019.03.069.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hajj, E. L. 2013. Carbonate reservoir interaction with supercritical carbon dioxide. Beijing: International Petroleum Technology.
   Google Scholar
• Hu, G., W. He, and M. Sun. 2018. Enhancing coal seam gas using liquid CO2 phase-transition blasting with cross-measure borehole. Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering 60:164–73. doi:10.1016/j.jngse.2018.10.013.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jaafar, F. 2019. Impact of temperature on fluid-Rock interactions during CO2 injection in depleted limestone aquifers: Laboratory and modelling studies. SPE International Conference on Oilfield Chemistry, 8–9 April, Galveston, Texas, USA.
   Google Scholar
• Li, Q., R. R. Song, H. Shi, J. L. Ma, X. H. Liu, and X. C. Li. 2018. U-tube based near-surface environmental monitoring in the Shenhua carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) project. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International 25 (12):12034–52. doi:10.1007/s11356-018-1252-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, S. H. 2019. Experimental study on the impact of CO2–Brine–Rock interaction on rock properties and fracture propagation during supercritical CO2 fracturing in Chang-7 tight sandstone formation. US Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium, New York.
   Google Scholar
• Liu, J., and J. J. Sheng. 2019. Experimental investigation of surfactant enhanced spontaneous imbibition in Chinese shale oil reservoirs using NMR tests. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 72:414–22. doi:10.1016/j.jiec.2018.12.044.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luo, B., J. Guo, W. Fu, C. Lu, J. Zeng, and L. Liu. 2019. Experimental investigation of shear slippage behavior in naturally fractured carbonate reservoirs using X-ray CT. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences 122:104066. doi:10.1016/j.ijrmms.2019.104066.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luquot, L. 2018. Experimental determination of porosity and permeability changes induced by injection of CO2 into carbonate rocks. Fuel. Processing Technology 169:122–31.
   Google Scholar
• Malik, A. R., A. A. Dashash, and S. M. Driweesh. 2014. Successful implementation of CO2 energized acid fracturing treatment in deep, tight and sour carbonate gas reservoir in Saudi Arabia that reduced fresh water consumption and enhanced well performance, Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference, Abu Dhabi, 10–3. November.
   Google Scholar
• Middleton, R. S., J. W. Carey, R. P. Currier, J. D. Hyman, Q. Kang, S. Karra, J. Jiménez-Martínez, M. L. Porter, and H. S. Viswanathan. 2015. Shale gas and non-aqueous fracturing fluids: Opportunities and challenges for supercritical CO2. Applied Energy 147:500–9. doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.03.023.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohamed, I. M. 2011. Permeability change during CO2 injection in carbonate aquifers: Experimental study. SPE Americas E&P Health, Safety, Security and Environmental, Houston, TX. doi:10.2118/140979-MS.
   Google Scholar
• Müller-Huber, E., J. Schön, and F. Börner. 2016. Pore space characterization in carbonate rocks — Approach to combine nuclear magnetic resonance and elastic wave velocity measurements. Journal of Applied Geophysics 127:68–81. doi:10.1016/j.jappgeo.2016.02.011.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pomerantz, A. E., E. E. Sigmund, and Y. Q. Song. 2007. Characterization of carbonate rock by MRI relaxometry. Magnetic Resonance Imaging 25 (4):580–9. doi:10.1016/j.mri.2007.01.091.
   Google Scholar
• Rui, Z., J. Jiang, J. Lu, and M. Randy. 2019. An integrated technical-economic-environmental assessment of CO2 enhanced oil recovery. Applied Energy 247:190–211. doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.04.025.
   Google Scholar
• Sanchez, M. J. T. Abel, M. Idris, and S. Aramco. 2015. Acid fracturing tight gas carbonates reservoirs using CO2 to assist stimulation fluids: An alternative to less water consumption while maintaining productivity. SPE Middle East Unconventional Resources Conference and Exhibition, Muscat, 26–28 January. doi:10.2118/SPE-172913-MS.
   Google Scholar
• Seo, Y., H. Lee, and T. Uchida. 2002. Methane and carbon dioxide hydrate phase behavior in small porous silica gels: Three—phase equilibrium determination and thermodynamic modeling. Langmuir 18 (24):9164–70. doi:10.1021/la0257844.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shi, X. L., and S. D. Mao. 2017. An improved model for CO2 solubility in aqueous electrolyte solution containing Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl- and SO42- under conditions of CO2 capture and sequestration. Chemical Geology 463:12–28. doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2017.05.005.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steel, L., E. Mackay, and M. Mercedes. 2018. Experimental investigation of CO2-brine-calcite interactions under reservoir conditions. Fuel Processing Technology 169:122–31. doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2017.09.028.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vincent, B., M. Fleury, Y. Santerre, and B. Brigaud. 2011. NMR relaxation of neritic carbonates: An integrated petrophysical and petrographical approach. Journal of Applied Geophysics 74 (1):38–58. doi:10.1016/j.jappgeo.2011.03.002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, H., X. Li, K. Sepehrnoori, Y. Zheng, and W. Yan. 2019. Calculation of the wellbore temperature and pressure distribution during supercritical CO2 fracturing flowback process. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 139:10–6. doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.04.109.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, Z., Y. Bai, H. Zhang, and Y. Liu. 2019. Investigation on gelation nucleation kinetics of waxy crude oil emulsions by their thermal behavior. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering 181:106230. doi:10.1016/j.petrol.2019.106230.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiao, D., and B. J. Balcom. 2013. Restricted k-space sampling in pure phase encode MRI of rock core plugs. Journal of Magnetic Resonance (San Diego, CA: 1997) 231:126–32. doi:10.1016/j.jmr.2013.04.001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yin, H., J. Zhou, Y. Jiang, X. Xian, and Q. Liu. 2016. Physical and structural changes in shale associated with supercritical CO2 exposure. Fuel 184:289–303. doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2016.07.028.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao, X., X. Liao, W. Wang, C. Chen, Z. Rui, and H. Wang. 2014. The CO2 storage capacity evaluation: Methodology and determination of key factors. Journal of the Energy Institute 87 (4):297–305. doi:10.1016/j.joei.2014.03.032.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao, X., Z. Rui, X. Liao, and R. Zhang. 2016. Case studies on the CO2 storage and EOR in heterogeneous, highly water-saturated, and extra-low permeability Chinese reservoir. Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering 29:275–83. doi:10.1016/j.jngse.2015.12.044.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou, D., G. Zhang, M. Prasad, and P. Wang. 2019. The effects of temperature on supercritical CO2 induced fracture: An experimental study. Fuel 247:126–34., doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2019.02.099.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou, J., K. Yang, S. Tian, L. Zhou, X. Xian, Y. Jiang, M. Liu, and J. Cai. 2020. CO2-water-shale interaction induced shale microstructural alteration. Fuel 263:116642. doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116642.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou, J., S. Tian, L. Zhou, X. Xian, K. Yang, Y. Jiang, C. Zhang, and Y. Guo. 2020. Experimental investigation on the influence of sub- and super-critical CO2 saturation time on the permeability of fractured shale. Energy 191:116574. doi:10.1016/j.energy.2019.116574.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zou, Y., S. Li, X. Ma, S. Zhang, N. Li, and M. Chen. 2018. Effects of CO2–brine–rock interaction on porosity/permeability and mechanical properties during supercritical-CO2 fracturing in shale reservoirs. Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering 49:157–68. doi:10.1016/j.jngse.2017.11.004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar