1,753
Views
75
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Who's Missing the Point? A Commentary on Claims that Autistic Persons Have a Specific Deficit in Figurative Language Comprehension

&
Pages 93-105 | Published online: 10 Feb 2012

REFERENCES

  • Anderson , J. S. , Druzgal , T. J. , Froehlich , A. , DuBray , M. B. , Lange , N. , Alexander , A. L. … and Lainhart , J. E. 2011 . Decreased interhemispheric functional connectivity in autism . Cerebral Cortex , 21 : 1134 – 1146 .
  • Baron-Cohen , S. 1997 . Hey! It was just a joke! Understanding propositions and propositional attitudes by normally developing children and children with autism . Israel Journal of Psychiatry & Related Sciences , 34 : 174 – 178 .
  • Baron-Cohen , S. and Wheelwright , S. 2004 . The empathy quotient: an investigation of adults with Asperger syndrome or high functioning autism, and normal sex differences . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 34 : 163 – 175 .
  • Baron-Cohen , S. , Leslie , A. M. and Frith , U. 1985 . Does the autistic child have a ‘theory of mind’? . Cognition , 21 : 37 – 46 .
  • Beaumont , R. and Sofronoff , K. 2008 . A new computerised advanced theory of mind measure for children with Asperger syndrome: The ATOMIC . Journal of Autism and Development Disorders , 38 : 249 – 260 .
  • Bell, V. (2006, March 8). Is ‘theory of mind’ impaired in autism? [Web log post]. http://mindhacks.com/2006/03/08/is-theory-of-mind-impaired-in-autism (http://mindhacks.com/2006/03/08/is-theory-of-mind-impaired-in-autism)
  • Bell, V. (2011, October 2). The New York Times wees itself in public. [Web log post]. http://mindhacks.com/2011/10/02/the-new-york-times-wees-itself-in-public (http://mindhacks.com/2011/10/02/the-new-york-times-wees-itself-in-public)
  • Bennett, C. (2011, October 3). Hot, hot iPhone love (more terrible neuromarketing). [Web log post]. http://prefrontal.org/blog/2011/10/hot-hot-iphone-love-more-terrible-neuromarketing (http://prefrontal.org/blog/2011/10/hot-hot-iphone-love-more-terrible-neuromarketing)
  • Bennett , T. , Szatmari , P. , Bryson , S. , Volden , J. , Zwaigenbaum , L. , Vaccarella , L. … and Boyle , M. 2008 . Differentiating autism and Asperger syndrome on the basis of language delay or impairment . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 38 : 616 – 625 .
  • Bigler , E. D. , Mortensen , S. , Neeley , E. S. , Ozonoff , S. , Krasny , L. , Johnson , M. … and Lainhart , J. E. 2007 . Superior temporal gyrus, language function, and autism . Developmental Neuropsychology , 31 : 217 – 238 .
  • Boddaert , N. , Belin , P. , Chabane , N. , Poline , J. , Barthélémy , C. , Mouren-Simeoni , M. , Brunelle , F. … and Zilbovicius , M. 2003 . Perception of complex sounds: abnormal pattern of cortical activation in autism . American Journal of Psychiatry , 160 : 2057 – 2060 .
  • Brock , J. , Norbury , C. , Einav , S. and Nation , K. 2008 . Do individuals with autism process words in context? Evidence from language-mediated eye-movements . Cognition , 108 : 896 – 904 .
  • Cain , K. and Towse , A. S. 2008 . To get hold of the wrong end of the stick: Reasons for poor idiom understanding in children with reading comprehension difficulties . Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research , 51 : 1538 – 1549 .
  • Capps , L. , Kehres , J. and Sigman , M. 1998 . Conversational abilities among children with autism and children with developmental delays . Autism , 2 : 325 – 344 .
  • Cox , A. , Klein , K. , Charman , T. , Baird , G. , Baron-Cohen , S. , Swetttenham , J. … and Wheelwright , S. 1999 . Autism spectrum disorders at 20 and 42 months of age: Stability of clinical and ADI-R diagnosis . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 40 : 719 – 732 .
  • Crowne , D. P. and Marlowe , D. 1960 . A new scale of social desirability independent of psychopathology . Journal of Consulting Psychology , 24 : 349 – 354 .
  • Dawson , G. , Finley , C. , Phillips , S. and Galpert , L. 1986 . Hemispheric specialization and the language abilities of autistic children . Child Development , 57 : 1440 – 1453 .
  • Dennis , M. , Lazenby , A. L. and Lockyer , L. 2001 . Inferential language in high-function children with autism . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 31 : 47 – 54 .
  • Dereu , M. , Raymaekers , R. , Warreyn , P. , Schietecatte , I. , Meirsschaut , M. and Roeyers , H. 2011 . Can child care workers contribute to the early detection of autism spectrum disorders? A comparison between screening instruments with child care workers versus parents as informants . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , Advance online publication doi: 10.1007/s10803-011-1307-9
  • Dobbs, D. (2011, October 2). fMRI shows my bullshit detector going ape shit over iPhone lust. [Web log post]. http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2011/10/fmri-study-shows-my-bullshit-detector-going-ape-shit-over-iphone-lust (http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2011/10/fmri-study-shows-my-bullshit-detector-going-ape-shit-over-iphone-lust)
  • Eales , M. J. 1993 . Pragmatic impairments in adults with childhood diagnoses of autism or developmental receptive language disorder . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 23 : 593 – 617 .
  • Eviatar , Z. and Just , M. A. 2006 . Brain correlates of discourse processing: An fMRI investigation of irony and conventional metaphor comprehension . Neuropsychologia , 44 : 2348 – 2359 .
  • Flagg , E. J. , Cardy , J. E. O. , Roberts , W. and Roberts , T. P. L. 2005 . Language lateralization development in children with autism: Insights from the late field magnetoencephalogram . Neuroscience Letters , 386 : 82 – 87 .
  • Frith , U. and Snowling , M. 1983 . Reading for meaning and reading for sound in autistic and dyslexic children . British Journal of Developmental Psychology , 1 : 329 – 342 .
  • García-Pérez , R. , Hobson , R. and Lee , A. 2008 . Narrative role-taking in autism . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 38 : 156 – 168 .
  • García-Pérez , R. , Lee , A. and Hobson , R. 2007 . On intersubjective engagement in autism: A controlled study of nonverbal aspects of conversation . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 37 : 1310 – 1322 .
  • Gernsbacher , M. A. 2006 . Toward a behavior of reciprocity . Journal of Developmental Processes , 1 : 139 – 152 .
  • Gernsbacher , M. A. 2007a . Neural diversity . Observer , 20 ( 3 ) : 5 15
  • Gernsbacher , M .A. 2007b . On not being human . Observer , 20 ( 2 ) : 5 – 32 .
  • Gernsbacher , M. A. , Dawson , M. and Mottron , L. 2006 . Autism: Common, heritable, but not harmful . Behavioral and Brain Sciences , 29 : 113 – 114 .
  • Gernsbacher , M. A. and Frymiare , J. 2005 . Does the autistic brain lack core modules? . Journal of Developmental and Learning Disorders , 9 : 3 – 16 .
  • Ghaziuddin , M. , Thomas , P. , Napier , E. , Kearny , G. , Tsai , L. , Welch , K. and Fraser , W. 2000 . Brief report: Brief syntactic analysis in Asperger syndrome: A preliminary study . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 30 : 67 – 70 .
  • Gilchrist , A. , Green , J. , Cox , A. , Burton , D. , Rutter , M. and Le Couteur , A. 2001 . Development and current functioning in adolescents with Asperger syndrome: A comparative study . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 42 : 227 – 240 .
  • Gold , R. and Faust , M. 2010 . Right hemisphere dysfunction and metaphor comprehension in young adults with Asperger Syndrome . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 40 : 800 – 811 .
  • Gold , R. , Faust , M. and Goldstein , A. 2010 . Semantic integration during metaphor comprehension in Asperger syndrome . Brain and Language , 113 : 124 – 134 .
  • Gunter , H. L. , Ghaziuddin , M. and Ellis , H. D. 2002 . Asperger syndrome: Tests of right hemisphere functioning and interhemispheric communication . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 32 : 263 – 281 .
  • Happé , F. G. E. 1993 . Communicative competence and theory of mind in autism: A test of relevance theory . Cognition , 48 : 101 – 119 .
  • Happé , F. G. E. 1995 . The role of age and verbal ability in the theory of mind task performance of subjects with autism . Child Development , 66 : 843 – 855 .
  • Happé , F. G. E. 1997 . Central coherence and theory of mind in autism: Reading homographs in context . British Journal of Developmental Psychology , 15 : 1 – 12 .
  • Happé , F.G. , Ehlers , S. , Fletcher , P. , Frith , U. , Johansson , M. , Gillberg , C. … and Frith , C. 1996 . ‘Theory of mind’ in the brain. Evidence from a PET scan study of Asperger syndrome . Neuroreport , 8 : 197 – 201 .
  • Hickok, G. (2011, October 10). Do we love our iPhones literally? [Web log post]. http://www.talkingbrains.org/2011/10/do-we-love-our-iphones-literally-i.html (http://www.talkingbrains.org/2011/10/do-we-love-our-iphones-literally-i.html)
  • Hobson , R. P , Lee , A. and Hobson , J. A. 2007 . Only connect? Communication, identification, and autism . Social Neuroscience , 2 : 32 – 335 .
  • Hobson , R. P. , Lee , A. and Hobson , J. A. 2010 . Personal pronouns and communicative engagement in autism . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 40 : 653 – 664 .
  • Hus , V. , Taylor , A. and Lord , C. 2011 . Telescoping of caregiver report on the Autism Diagnostic Interview–Revised . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 52 : 753 – 760 .
  • Jolliffe , J. and Baron-Cohen , S. 1999a . A test of central coherence theory: Linguistic processing in high-functioning adults with autism or Asperger syndrome: Is local coherence impaired? . Cognition , 71 : 149 – 185 .
  • Jolliffe , T. and Baron-Cohen , S. 1999b . The strange stories test: A replication with high-functioning adults with autism or Asperger syndrome . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 29 : 395 – 406 .
  • Just , M. A. , Cherkassky , V. L. , Keller , T. A. and Minshew , N. 2004 . Cortical activation and synchronization during sentence comprehension in high-functioning autism: Evidence of underconnectivity . Brain , 127 : 1811 – 1821 .
  • Kaland , N. , Møller-Nielsen , A. , Callesen , K. , Mortensen , E. L. , Gottlieb , D. and Smith , L. 2002 . An ‘advanced’ test of theory of mind: Evidence from children and adolescents with Asperger syndrome . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 43 : 517 – 528 .
  • Kana , R. K. , Keller , T. A. , Cherkassky , V. L. , Minshew , N. J. and Just , M. A. 2006 . Sentence comprehension in autism: Thinking in pictures with decreased functional connectivity . Brain , 129 : 2484 – 2493 .
  • Kanner , L. 1946 . Irrelevant and metaphorical language . American Journal of Psychology , 103 : 242 – 246 .
  • Kjelgaard , M. M. and Tager-Flusberg , H. 2001 . An investigation of language impairment in autism: Implications for genetic subgroups . Language and Cognitive Processes , 16 : 287 – 308 .
  • Kleinhans , N. M. , Müller , R.-A. , Cohen , D. N. and Courchesne , E. 2008 . Atypical functional lateralization of language in autism spectrum disorders . Brain Research , 1221 : 115 – 125 .
  • Knaus , T. A. , Silver , A. M. , Lindgren , K. A. , Hadjikhani , N. and Tager-Flusberg , H. 2008 . fMRI activation during a language task in adolescents with ASD . Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , 14 : 967 – 979 .
  • Landa , R. J. and Goldberg , M. C. 2005 . Language, social, and executive functions in high functioning autism: A continuum of performance . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 35 : 557 – 573 .
  • Le Couteur , A. , Rutter , M. , Lord , C. , Rios , P. , Robertson , S. , Holdgrafer , M. and McLennan , J. D. 1989 . Autism Diagnostic Interview: A semi-structured interview for parents and caregivers of autistic persons . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 19 : 363 – 387 .
  • Levorato , M. C. , Nesi , B. and Cacciari , C. 2004 . Reading comprehension and understanding idiomatic expressions: A developmental study . Brain and Language , 91 : 303 – 314 .
  • Lewis , F. M. , Murdoch , B. E. and Woodyatt , G. C. 2007 . Linguistic abilities in children with autism spectrum disorder . Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders , 1 : 85 – 100 .
  • Lindstrom, M. (2011, September 30). You love your iPhone. Literally. New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/01/opinion/you-love-your-iphone-literally.html (http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/01/opinion/you-love-your-iphone-literally.html)
  • López , B. and Leekam , S. R. 2003 . Do children with autism fail to process information in context? . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 44 : 285 – 300 .
  • Lord , C. , Petkova , E. , Hus , V. , Gan , W. , Lu , F. , Martin , D. M. … and Risi , S. 2011 . A multisite study of the clinical diagnosis of different autism spectrum disorders . Archives of General Psychiatry , doi: 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.148
  • Lord , C. , Rutter , M. , Goode , S. , Heemsbergen , J. , Jordan , H. , Mawhood , L. and Schopler , E. 1989 . Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule: A standardized observation of communicative and social behavior . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 19 : 185 – 212 .
  • Losh , M. and Capps , L. 2003 . Narrative ability in high-functioning children with autism or Asperger's syndrome . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 33 : 239 – 251 .
  • Manor , O. , Shalev , R. S. , Joseph , A. and Gross-Tsur , V. 2011 . Arithmetic skills in kindergarten children with language disorders . European Journal of Paediatric Neurology , 5 : 71 – 77 .
  • Martin , I. and McDonald , S. 2004 . An exploration of causes of non-literal language problems in individuals with Asperger syndrome . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 34 : 311 – 328 .
  • Mildenberger , K. , Sitter , S. , Noterdaeme , M. and Amorosa , H. 2001 . The use of the ADI-R as a diagnostic tool in the differential diagnosis of children with infantile autism and children with a receptive language disorder . European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry , 10 : 248 – 255 .
  • Miller , D. T. , Taylor , B. and Buck , M. L. 1991 . Gender gaps: Who needs to be explained? . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 61 : 5 – 12 .
  • Mottron , L. 2004 . Matching strategies in cognitive research with individuals with high-functioning autism: Current practices, instrument biases, and recommendations . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 34 : 19 – 27 .
  • Neuroskeptic (2008, October 30). fMRI reveals true nature of hatred. [Web log post]. http://neuroskeptic.blogspot.com/2008/10/fmri-reveals-true-nature-of-hatred.html (http://neuroskeptic.blogspot.com/2008/10/fmri-reveals-true-nature-of-hatred.html)
  • Nikolaenko , N. N. 2001 . Metaphorical thinking in healthy and autistic children as an index of interhemispheric interaction . Doklady Biological Sciences , 379 : 325 – 327 .
  • Nippold , M. A. 2011 . How to be a critical consumer of treatment studies . Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools , 42 : 239 – 240 .
  • Nippold , M. A. and Fey , S. H. 1983 . Metaphoric understanding in preadolescents having a history of language acquisition difficulties . Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools , 14 : 171 – 180 .
  • Norbury , C. F. 2004 . Factors supporting idiom comprehension in children with communication disorders . Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research , 47 : 1179 – 1193 .
  • Norbury , C. F. 2005a . Barking up the wrong tree? Lexical ambiguity resolution in children with language impairments and autistic spectrum disorders . Journal of Experimental Child Psychology , 90 : 142 – 171 .
  • Norbury , C. F. 2005b . The relationship between theory of mind and metaphor: Evidence from children with language impairment and autistic spectrum disorder . British Journal of Developmental Psychology , 23 : 383 – 399 .
  • Norbury , C. F. and Bishop , D. V. M. 2002 . “ Inferential processing and story recall in children with communication problems: A comparison of specific language impairment, pragmatic language impairment and high-functioning autism ” . In The poems of John Godfrey Saxe Vol. 37 , 227 – 251 .
  • Norbury , C. F. and Bishop , D. V. M. 2003 . Narrative skills of children with communication impairments . International Journal of Language Communication Disorders , 38 : 287 – 313 .
  • Ozonoff , S. and Miller , J. N. 1996 . An exploration of right-hemisphere contributions to pragmatic impairments of autism . Brain & Language , 52 : 411 – 434 .
  • Paul , R. and Cohen , D. J. 1984 . Responses to contingent queries in adults with mental retardation and pervasive developmental disorders . Applied Psycholinguistics , 5 : 349 – 357 .
  • Paul , R. and Cohen , D. J. 1985 . Comprehension of indirect requests in adults with autistic disorders and mental retardation . Journal of Speech and Hearing Research , 28 : 475 – 479 .
  • Paul , R. , Orlovski , S. , Marcinko , H. and Volkmar , F. 2009 . Conversational behaviors in youth with high-functioning ASD and Asperger syndrome . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 39 : 115 – 125 .
  • Pijnacker , J. , Geurts , B. , Van Lambalgen , M. , Buitelaar , J. and Hagoort , P. 2010 . Exceptions and anomalies: An ERP study on context sensitivity in autism . Neuropsychologia , 48 : 2940 – 2951 .
  • Poldrack, R. A. (2009). Neuroimaging: Separating the promise from the pipe dreams. Cerebrum. http://www.dana.org/news/cerebrum/detail.aspx?id=22220 (http://www.dana.org/news/cerebrum/detail.aspx?id=22220)
  • Poldrack, R. A. (2011a, October 4). The iPhone and the brain. New York Times. www.nytimes.com/2011/10/05/opinion/the-iphone-and-the-brain.html (http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/05/opinion/the-iphone-and-the-brain.html)
  • Poldrack, R. A. (2011b, October 1). NYT Op-Ed + fMRI = complete crap. [Web log post]. http://www.russpoldrack.org/2011/10/nyt-editorial-fmri-complete-crap.html (http://www.russpoldrack.org/2011/10/nyt-editorial-fmri-complete-crap.html)
  • Qualls , C. D. and Harris , J. L. 2003 . Age, working memory, figurative language type, and reading ability: Influencing factors in African American adults’ comprehension of figurative language . American Journal of Speech Language Pathology , 12 : 92 – 102 .
  • Rapp , A. M. , Mutschler , D. E. , Wild , B. , Erb , M. , Lengsfeld , I. , Saur , R. and Grodd , W. 2010 . Neural correlates of irony comprehension: The role of schizotypal personality traits . Brain and Language , 113 : 1 – 12 .
  • Rizzo , J. M. and Stephens , M. I. 1981 . Performance of children with normal and impaired oral language production on a set of auditory comprehension tests . Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders , 46 : 150 – 159 .
  • Saxe , J. G. 1872 . The poems of John Godfrey Saxe , Boston , MA : Houghton, Mifflin .
  • Schindele , R. , Lüdtke , J. and Kaup , B. 2008 . Comprehending negation: A study with adults diagnosed with high functioning autism or Asperger's syndrome . Intercultural Pragmatics , 54 : 421 – 444 .
  • Secord , W. A. and Wiig , E. H. 1983 . Interpreting figurative language expressions . Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica , 45 : 1 – 9 .
  • Shibata , M. , Toyomura , A. , Itoh , H. and Abe , J. 2009 . Neural substrates of irony comprehension: A functional MRI study . Brain Research , 1308 : 114 – 123 .
  • Steele , C. M. and Aronson , J. 1995 . Stereotype threat and the intellectual test performance of African Americans . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 69 : 797 – 811 .
  • Tager-Flusberg , H. and Sullivan , K. 1994 . A second look at second-order belief attribution in autism . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 24 : 577 – 586 .
  • Tesink , C. M. J. Y. , Buitelaar , J. K. , Petersson , K. M. , van der Gaag , R. J. , Kan , C. C. , Tendolkar , I. and Hagoort , P. 2009 . Neural correlates of pragmatic language comprehension in autism spectrum disorders . Brain , 132 : 1941 – 1952 .
  • Tsai , L. Y. and Beisler , J. M. 1984 . Research in infantile autism: A methodological problem in using language comprehension as the basis for selecting matched controls . Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry , 23 : 700 – 703 .
  • Uchiyama , H , Sekib , A. , Kageyamab , H. , Daisuke , N. , Saitoc , D. N. , Koedad , T. … and Sadatoc , N. 2006 . Neural substrates of sarcasm: A functional magnetic-resonance imaging study . Brain Research , 1124 : 100 – 110 .
  • Vallance , D. D. and Wintre , M. G. 1997 . Discourse processes underlying social competence in children with language learning disabilities . Development and Psychopathology , 9 : 95 – 108 .
  • Volden , J. and Lord , C. 1991 . Neologisms and idiosyncratic language in autistic speakers . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 21 : 109 – 130 .
  • Wang , A. T. , Lee , S. S. , Sigman , M. and Dapretto , M. 2006 . Neural basis of irony comprehension in children with autism: The role of prosody and context . Brain , 129 : 932 – 943 .
  • Wang , A. T. , Lee , S. S. , Sigman , M. and Dapretto , M. 2007 . Reading affect in the face and voice: Neural correlates of interpreting communicative intent in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders . Archives of General Psychiatry , 64 : 698 – 708 .
  • World Wise Schools . 1998 . Looking at ourselves and others , Washington , DC : Peace Corps/U.S. Government Publishing Office .
  • Yarkoni, T. (2011, October 1). the New York Times blows it big time on brain imaging. [Web log post]. http://www.talyarkoni.org/blog/2011/10/01/the-new-york-times-blows-it-big-time-on-brain-imaging (http://www.talyarkoni.org/blog/2011/10/01/the-new-york-times-blows-it-big-time-on-brain-imaging)
  • Yarkoni , T. , Poldrack , R. A. , Nichols , T. E. , Van Essen , D. C. and Wager , T. D. 2011 . Large-scale automated synthesis of human functional neuroimaging data . Nature Methods , 8 : 665 – 670 .
  • Young , E. C. , Diehl , J. J. , Morris , D. , Hyman , S. L. and Bennetto , L. 2005 . The use of two language tests to identify pragmatic language problems in children with autism spectrum disorders . Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools , 36 : 62 – 72 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.