326
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Bystander Responses

Social Identity as a Factor in Bystander Responses to Bias-Based Verbal Aggression Among College Students

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 1393-1411 | Received 16 Jun 2022, Accepted 27 Mar 2023, Published online: 02 May 2023

References

  • Azimi, A., Fleming, J., & Hayes, B. (2021). Victimization prevention and awareness on college campuses: Interconnection between title IX and #MeToo. American Journal of Criminal Justice, 46, 33–50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12103-020-09586-6
  • Baker, D. J., & Britton, T. (2021). Hate crimes and Black college student enrollment. (CEPA Working Paper No.21-01). Retrieved from Stanford Center for Education Policy Analysis: http://cepa.stanford.edu/wp21-01
  • Banyard, V. L. (2014). Improving college campus-based prevention of violence against women: A strategic plan for research built on multi- pronged practices and policies. Trauma, Violence & Abuse, 15, 339–351. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838014521027
  • Bucchianeri, M. M., Gower, A. L., McMorris, B. J., & Eisenberg, M. E. (2016). Youth experiences with multiple types of prejudice-based harassment. Journal of Adolescence, 51, 68–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.05.012
  • Byers, D. S. (2013). “Do they see nothing wrong with this?”: Bullying, bystander complicity, and the role of homophobic bias in the Tyler Clementi case. Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services, 94(4), 251–258. https://doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.4325
  • Byers, D. S. (2016). Recognition of social pain among peers: Rethinking the role of bystanders in bullying and cyberbullying. Smith College Studies in Social Work, 86(4), 335–354. https://doi.org/10.1080/00377317.2016.1222771
  • Byers, D. S., & Cerulli, M. (2021). Staying in their own lane: Ethical reasoning among college students witnessing cyberbullying. Journal of Diversity in Higher Education, 14(4), 508–518. https://doi.org/10.1037/dhe0000180
  • Byers, D. S., Mishna, F., & Solo, C. (2019). Clinical practice with children and adolescents involved with bullying and cyberbullying: Gleaning guidelines from the literature. Clinical Social Work Journal, 49, 20–34. Clinical Social Work Journal. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10615-019-00713-3.
  • Cass, V. C. (1979). Homosexual identity formation: A theoretical model. Journal of Homosexuality, 4(3), 219–235. https://doi.org/10.1300/J082v04n03_01
  • Cassidy, W., Faucher, C., & Jackson, M. (2021). Bullying among college and university students. The Wiley Blackwell Handbook of Bullying: A Comprehensive and International Review of Research and Intervention, 2, 37–54.
  • Craig, S. L., & McInroy, L. (2014). You can form a part of yourself online: The influence of new media on identity development and coming out for LGBTQ youth. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health, 18(1), 95–109. https://doi.org/10.1080/19359705.2013.777007
  • Dahlen, E. R., Czar, K. A., Prather, E., & Dyess, C. (2013). Relational aggression and victimization in college students. Journal of College Student Development, 54(2), 140–154. https://doi.org/10.1353/csd.2013.0021
  • Dessel, A. B., Goodman, K. D., & Woodford, M. R. (2017). LGBT discrimination on campus and heterosexual bystanders: Understanding intentions to intervene. Journal of Diversity in Higher Education, 10(2), 101–116. https://doi.org/10.1037/dhe0000015
  • Diener, E., Wirtz, D., Tov, W., Kim-Prieto, C., Choi, D., Oishi, S., & Biswas Diener, R. (2009). New measures of well-being: Flourishing and positive and negative feelings. In E. Diener (Ed.), Assessing well-being: The collected works of Ed Diener, Social indicators research series (Vol. 39, pp. 247–266). Springer Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2354-12
  • Duran, A., & Jones, S. R. (2020). Complicating identity exploration: An intersectional grounded theory centering queer students of color at historically white institutions. Journal of College Student Development, 61(3), 281–298. https://doi.org/10.1353/csd.2020.0028
  • Eisenberg, D., & Lipson, S. K. (2019). Healthy minds network [internet]. Available from: https://healthymindsnetwork.org/
  • Espelage, D. L. (2016). Sexual orientation and gender identity in schools: A call for more research in school psychology—No more excuses. Journal of School Psychology, 54, 5–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsp.2015.11.002
  • Garvey, J. C., Hart, J., Metcalfe, A. S., & Fellabaum-Toston, J. (2019). Methodological troubles with gender and sex in higher education survey research. The Review of Higher Education, 43(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1353/rhe.2019.0088
  • Gay, C., & Tate, K. (1998). Doubly bound: The impact of gender and race on the politics of black women. Political Psychology, 19(1), 169–184. https://doi.org/10.1111/0162-895X.00098
  • Goldbaum, S., Craig, W. M., Pepler, D., & Connolly, J. (2003). Developmental trajectories of victimization: Identifying risk and protective factors. Journal of Applied School Psychology, 19(2), 139–156. https://doi.org/10.1300/J008v19n02_09
  • Grinshteyn, E. G., Whaley, R., & Couture, M. C. (2021). Fear of bullying and its effects on mental health among college students: An emerging public health issue. Journal of School Violence, 20(4), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/15388220.2021.1979018
  • Harris, J. C. (2017). Multiracial college students’ experiences with multiracial microaggressions. Race Ethnicity and Education, 20(4), 429–445. https://doi.org/10.1080/13613324.2016.1248836
  • Holt, M. K., & Espelage, D. L. (2007). Perceived social support among bullies, victims, and bully-victims. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 36, 984–994. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-006-9153-3
  • Hong, J. S., Peguero, A. A., & Espelage, D. L. (2018). Experiences in bullying and/or peer victimization of vulnerable, marginalized, and oppressed children and adolescents: An introduction to the special issue. The American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 88(4), 399. https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000330
  • Hoxmeier, J. C., O’Connor, J., & McMahon, S. (2021). Undergraduate Students as bystanders to sexual violence risks: Differences in reported intervention opportunities and behaviors by racial identity. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 36(9–10), 4668–4689. https://doi.org/10.177/088620518790593
  • Hwang, W. -C., & Goto, S. (2008). The impact of perceived racial discrimination on the mental health of Asian American and Latino college students. Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology, 14, 326–335. https://doi.org/10.1037/1099-9809.14.4.326
  • Jenkins, L. N., & Troop-Gordon, W. (2020). Bystanders in bullying: Introduction to the special issue. Journal of School Psychology, 81, 47–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsp.2020.07.002
  • Jones, L. M., Mitchell, K. J., Turner, H. A., & Ybarra, M. L. (2018). Characteristics of bias-based harassment incidents reported by a national sample of US adolescents. Journal of Adolescence, 65, 50–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2018.02.013
  • Langdridge, D. (2014). Are you angry or are you heterosexual?: A queer critique of lesbian and gay models of identity development. In L. Moon (Ed.), Feeling Queer or Queer Feelings? (pp. 23–35). Routledge.
  • Linder, C. (2019). Power-conscious and intersectional approaches to supporting student activists: Considerations for learning and development. Journal of Diversity in Higher Education, 12(1), 17–26. https://doi.org/10.1037/dhe0000082
  • Lund, E. M., & Ross, S. W. (2017). Bullying perpetration, victimization, and demographic differences in college students: A review of the literature. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 18(3), 348–360. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838015620818
  • Mishna, F., Regehr, C., Lacombe Duncan, A., Daciuk, J., Fearing, G., & Van Wert, M. (2018). Social media, cyber-aggression and student mental health on a university campus. Journal of Mental Health, 27(3), 222–229. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638237.2018.1437607
  • Mulvey, K. L., Hoffman, A. J., Gönültaş, S., Hope, E. C., & Cooper, S. M. (2018). Understanding experiences with bullying and bias-based bullying: What matters and for whom? Psychology of Violence, 8(6), 702. https://doi.org/10.1037/vio0000206
  • Musu, L., Zhang, A., Wang, K., Zhang, J., & Oudekerk, B. A. (2019). Indicators of school crime and safety: 2018 (NCES 2019–047/NCJ 252571). National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education and Bureau of Justice Statistics, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice.
  • Ogunyemi, D., Clare, C., Astudillo, Y. M., Marseille, M., Manu, E., & Kim, S. (2020). Microaggressions in the learning environment: A systematic review. Journal of Diversity in Higher Education, 13(2), 97–119. https://doi.org/10.1037/dhe0000107
  • Parker, K., Horowitz, J. M., Morin, R., & Lopez, M. H. (2015). The multiracial identity gap. Pew Research Center. Retrieved from https://www.pewresearch.org/social-trends/2015/06/11/chapter-3-the-multiracial-identity-gap/
  • Pew Research Center. (2019, April). Race in American 2019. Retrieved from https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2019/04/Race-report_updated-4.29.19.pdf
  • Rivers, I. (2016). Homophobic and transphobic bullying in universities. In H. Cowie & C.-A. Myers (Eds.), Bullying among university students: Cross-national perspectives (pp. 48–60). Routledge.
  • Salmivalli, C., Voeten, M., & Poskiparta, E. (2011). Bystanders matter: Associations between reinforcing, defending, and the frequency of bullying behavior in classrooms. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 40(5), 668–676. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2011.597090
  • Shelley, W. W., Pickett, J. T., Mancini, C., McDougle, R. D., Rissler, G., & Cleary, H. (2021). Race, bullying, and public perceptions of school and university safety. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 36(1–2). https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260517736272
  • Simien, E. M. (2005). Race, gender, and linked fate. Journal of Black Studies, 35(5), 529–550. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021934704265899
  • Vera, E., Hill, L., Daskalova, P., Chander, N., Galvin, S., Boots, T., & Polanin, M. (2019). Promoting upstanding behavior in youth: A proposed model. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 39(7), 1020–1049. https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431618798514
  • Walton, G. M., & Cohen, G. L. (2007). A question of belonging: Race, social fit, and achievement. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 92(1), 82–96. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.92.1.82
  • Yeo, H. J. T., Mendenhall, R., Harwood, S. A., & Huntt, M. B. (2019). Asian international student and Asian American student: Mistaken identity and racial microaggressions. Journal of International Students, 9(1), 39–65. https://doi.org/10.32674/jis.v9i1.278
  • Yeung Thompson, R. S., & Leadbeater, B. J. (2013). Peer victimization and internalizing symptoms from adolescence into young adulthood: Building strength through emotional support. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 23(2), 290–303. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-7795.2012.00827.x

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.