Publication Cover
Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A
Toxic/Hazardous Substances and Environmental Engineering
Volume 42, 2007 - Issue 5
591
Views
77
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Speciation of heavy metals in untreated domestic wastewater sludge by time saving BCR sequential extraction method

, , , , &
Pages 649-659 | Received 24 Aug 2006, Published online: 22 Mar 2007

REFERENCES

  • Chung , S. and Poon , C. 1997 . Quantifying externalities in solid waste management in Hong Kong . Journal of Environmental Engineering, ASCE , 123 ( 3 ) : 282 – 289 .
  • Danteravanich , S. and Siriwong , C. 1998 . Solid waste management in Southern Thailand . J. Solid Waste Technol. Mgmt. , 25 ( 1 ) : 21 – 26 .
  • Johanson , M. , Tenberg , B. and Torstensson , L. 1999 . Microbiological and chemical changes in two arable soils after long-term sludge amendments . Biol. Fertil. Soils , 30 : 160 – 167 .
  • Bhogal , A. , Nicholson , F. A. , Chambers , B. J. and Shepherd , M. A. 2003 . Effects of past sewage sludge additions on heavy metal availability in light textured soils, implications for crop yields and metal uptakes . Environ. Pollut. , 121 : 413 – 423 .
  • Chang , A. C. , Page , A. L. and Warneke , J. E. 1987 . Long-term sludge applications on cadmium and zinc accumulation in Swiss chard and radish . J. Environ Qual. , 16 : 217 – 221 .
  • Raskin , I. , Smith , R. D. and Salt , D. E. 1997 . Phytoremediation of metals: using plants to remove pollutants from the environment . Curr. Opin. Biotech. , 8 : 221 – 226 .
  • Couillard , D. and Mercier , G. 1991 . Optimum residence time (in CSTR and airlift reactors) for bacterial leaching of metals from anaerobic sewage sludge . Water Res. , 25 : 211 – 219 .
  • Vooneburg , F. and Veen , H. J. 1993 . Treatment and disposal of municipal sludge in the Netherlands . J. Instit. Water Environ. Damage , 7 : 116 – 121 .
  • Wade , M. J. , Davis , B. K. , Carlisle , J. S. , Klein , A. K. and Valoppi , L. M. 1993 . Environmental transformation of toxic metals . Occup. Med. , 8 : 575 – 601 .
  • Filgueiras , A. V. , Lavilla , I. and Bendicho , C. 2002 . Chemical sequential extraction for metal partitioning inenvironmental solid samples . J. Environ. Monit. , 4 : 823 – 857 .
  • Ure , A. M. and Davidson , C. M. 2001 . Chemical Speciation in the Environment , 265 – 321 . Glasgow : Blackie .
  • Quevauviller , Ph. 1998 . Operationally defined extraction procedures for soil and sediments analysis I. Standardization . Trends Anal. Chem. , 17 : 289 – 298 .
  • Rauret , G. , Lopez-Sanchez , J. F. , Sahuquillo , A. , Barahona , E. , Lachica , M. , Ure , M. , Davidson , C. M. , Gomez , A. , Lueck , D. , Bacong , J. , Yli-Haah , M. , Muntau , H. and Quevauvilleri , Ph. 2000 . Application of a modified BCR sequential extraction (three-step) procedure for the determination of extractable trace metal contents in a sewage sludge amended soil reference material (CRM 483), complemented by a three-year stability study of acetic acid and EDTA extractable metal content . J. Environ. Monit. , 2 : 228 – 233 .
  • van Hullebusch , E. D. , Utomo , S. , Zandvoort , M. H. and Lens , P. N.L. 2005 . Comparison of three sequential extraction procedures to describe fractionation in anaerobic granular sludge . Talanta , 65 ( 2 ) : 549 – 558 .
  • Margui , E. , Salvado , V. , Queralt , I. and Hidalgo , M. 2004 . Comparison of three-stage sequential extraction and toxicity characteristic leaching tests to evaluate metal mobility in mining wastes One of the main limitations of sequential extraction . Anal. Chim. Acta , 524 : 151 – 159 .
  • Kazi , T. G. and Kazi , G. H. 2001 . Comparative uptake and distribution of trace and toxic elements by different Vegetables cultivated on soil amended with sewage sludge . J. Nucleus , 38 ( 1 ) : 81 – 86 .
  • Kazi , T. G. , Ansari , T. P. and Kazi , G. H. 1999 . Biocycling of trace and toxic elements in different vegetables from sludge samples used as agricultural fertilizer . ACGC Chem. Res. Comm. Australia. , 9 : 51 – 56 .
  • 1984 . German standard methods for the examination of water, waste water and sludge; group S (sludge and sediments); determination of leachability by water , Weinheim, , Germany : (S4) VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbh . DIN 38414-S4
  • Hardaway , C. , Gauthreaux , K. , Sneddon , J. and Beck , J. N. 1999 . Evaluation of contaminated sediments by toxicity characteristic leaching procedure extraction techniques . J. Microchem. , 63 ( 3 ) : 398 – 404 .
  • McLaren , R. G. and Clucas , L. M. 2001 . Fractionation of copper, nickel, and zinc in metal-spiked sewage sludge . J. Environ Qual. , 30 : 1968 – 1975 .
  • Preer , J. R. , Sekhon , H. S. and Stephens , B. R. 1980 . Factors affecting heavy metals content garden vegetables . Environ. Pollut. Ser. , 1 : 95 – 104 .
  • Soltner , D. 1988 . Les bases de la production vegetables. Tome 1:le sol etson amelioration, , 22ieme edn Collection sciences et techniques agricoles, Sainte-Gemmes-sur-Loire
  • Reisenaver , H. M. and Walsh , L. M. 1973 . “ Testing soils for sulphur, boron, molybdenum, and chlorine ” . In Soil Testing and Plant Analysis , Edited by: Walsh , L. M. and Beaton , J. D. 173 – 200 . Madison, Wash. : Sci. Soc. Am .
  • Kazi , T. G. and Katz , S. A. 1990 . Determination and estimation of different of different forms of sulphur in soil and sewage sludge . J. Anal. Environ. Chem. , 1 ( 1 ) : 67 – 73 .
  • Gibson , A. R. , Baily , J. M. and Giltramp , D. J. 1976 . Determination of trace amounts of phosphate in water extracts of soil . Soil. Sci. Plant. Anal. , : 427 – 436 .
  • Bruemmer , J. M. and Mulvaney , C. S. 1982 . Methods of Soil Analysis, , 2nd edn. , Edited by: Page , A L , Miller , R H and Keeney , D. R. 595 Madison, WI : ASA and SSSA . pt. 2 (Agronomy Monographs 9)
  • Kazi , T. G. and Katz , S. A. 1987 . Spectrophotometric determination of nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in sewage sludges . Spectrosc. Lett. , 20 ( 6–7 ) : 509 – 517 .
  • Pueyo , R. M. , Rauret , G. , Lik , D. , Yli-Halla , M. , Mutau , A. and Quevauviller , Ph. 2001 . Certification of the extractable contents of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in fresh water sediment by optimized three step sequential extraction . J. Environ. Monit. , 3 : 243 – 250 .
  • Kazi , T. G. , Jamali , M. K. , Kazi , G. H. , Arain , M. B. , Afridi , H. I. and Siddiqui , A. 2005 . Evaluating the mobility of toxic metals in untreated industrial wastewater sludge using a BCR sequential extraction procedure and a leaching test . Anal. Bioanal. Chem. , 383 : 297 – 304 .
  • Sahuquillo , A. , Lopez-Sanchez , J. F. , Rubio , R. , Rauret , G. , Thomas , R. P. , Davidson , C. M. and Ure , A. M. 1999 . Use of a certified reference material for extractable trace metals to assess sources of uncertainty in the BCR three-stage sequential extraction procedure . Anal. Chim. Acta. , 382 ( 3 ) : 317 – 327 .
  • Lacal , J. , Da Silva , M. P. , Garcia , R. , Sevilla , M. T. , Procopio , J. R. and Hernandez , L. 2003 . Study of fractionation and potential mobility of metal in sludge from pyrite mining and affected river sediments: changes in mobility over time and use of artificial ageing as a tool in environmental impact assessment . Environ. Poll. , 124 : 291 – 305 .
  • Mossop , K. F. and Davidson , C. M. 2003 . Comparision of original and modified BCR sequential extraction procedures for the fractionation of Cu, Fe, Pb, Mn and Zn in soil and sediment . Anal. Chim. Acta , 478 : 111 – 118 .
  • Anxiang , L. U. , Shuzhen , Z. , Xiao-Duan , S. , Songxue , W. and Zhongwen , W. 2003 . Application of microwave extraction extraction for the evaluation of bioavailability of rare earth elements in soils . Chemosphere , 53 : 1067 – 1075 .
  • Quevauviller , Ph . 2002 . Operationally-defined extraction procedures for soil and sediment analysis. Part 3: New CRMs for trace-element extractable contents . Trends Anal. Chem. , 21 ( 11 ) : 774 – 784 .
  • Tyagi , R. D. , Blais , J. F. , Meunier , N. and Benmoussa , H. 1997 . Simultaneous sewage sludge digestion and metal leaching effect of sludge solids concentration . Water Res. , 31 : 105 – 118 .
  • Ravishankar , B. R. , Auclair , J. C. and Tyagi , R. D. 1994 . Partitioning of heavy metals in some Quebec municipal sludges . Water Pollut. Res. J. Can. , 29 : 457 – 470 .
  • Li , X. , Poon , C. and Liu , P. 2001 . Heavy metal contamination of urban soils and street dusts in Hong Kong . Appl. Geochim. , 16 : 1361 – 1368 .
  • Jaradat , Q. M. 2002 . Fractionation and distribution of heavy metals in street dust in Amman . Jordan. Mutah Lil-Buhuth wad-Dirasat. , 17 ( 3 ) : 105 – 118 .
  • Wasay , S. A. , Parker , W. J. and Van Geel , P. J. 2001 . Characterization of soil contaminated by disposal of battery industry waste . Can. J. Civil Eng. , 28 : 341 – 348 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.