Statistical evaluation of aerosol data from Ben Macdhui mountain, South Africa

References

• Houghtoinm , J. T. , Ding , Y. , Griggs , D. J. , Noguer , M. , van der Linden , P. J. , Dai , X. , Maskell , K. and Johnson , C. A. 2001 . Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Project of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. , New York : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Shine , K. P. , Derwent , R. G. , Wuebbles , D. J. and Morcettee , J. J. 1990 . “ Radioactive forcing of climate ” . In Climate Change: The IPCC Scientific Assessment , Edited by: Houghton , J. T. , Jenkins , G. J. and Ephraums , J. J. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Andreae , M. O. 1995 . “ Climatic effects of changing atmospheric aerosol levels ” . In World Survey of Climatology, Future climates of the world , Edited by: Henderson-Sellers , A. 341 – 392 . Amsterdam : Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• Schimel , D. , Alves , D. , Enting , I. , Heiman , M. , Joos , F. , Raynaud , D. , Wigley , T. , Prather , M. , Derwent , R. , Enhalt , D. , Fraser , P. , Sanhueza , E. , Zhou , X. , Jonas , P. , Charlson , R. , Rodhe , H. , Sadasivan , S. , Shine , K. P. , Fouquart , Y. , Ramaswamy , V. , Solomon , S. , Srinivasan , J. , Albritton , D. , Derwent , R. , Isaksen , I. , Lal , M. and Wuebbles , D. 1996 . “ Climate change 1995 ” . In The Science of Climate Change , Edited by: Houghton , J. T. , Meira Filho , L. G. , Callander , B. A. , Harris , N. , Kattenberg , A. and Maskell , K. 69 – 131 . Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Pruppacher , H. R. and Klett , J. D. 1980 . Microphysics of clouds and precipitation , London : D. Reidel .
   Google Scholar
• Sivertsen , B. , Matake , C. and Pereira , L. M. R. 1996 . Sulphur emissions and tranfrontier air pollution in Southern Africa , Southern African Development Community . Environmental and Land Management Sector, Report Series 34
   Google Scholar
• Mirabel , P. and Katz , J. L. 1974 . Binary homogenous nucleation as a mechanism for the formation of aerosols . Chem J. Phys. , 3 ( 60 ) : 1138 – 1144 .
   Google Scholar
• O'Dowd , C. D. , Lowe , J. A. , Clegg , N. , Smith , M. H. and Clegg , S. L. 2000 . Modeling heterogeneous sulphate production in maritime stratiform clouds . J. Geophys. Res. , 105 : 7143 – 7160 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seinfeld , J. H. and Pandis , N. 1998 . Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. From Air Pollution to Climate Change , 523 New York : John Wiley & Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Randriambelo , T. , Baldy , S. and Despinoy , M. 1998 . An improved detection and characterization of active fires and smoke plumes in South-eastern Africa and Madagascar . Int. J. Rem. Sens. , 19 : 2623
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cahill , T. A. , Asbaugh , L. L. , Barone , J. B. , Eldred , R. , Feeney , P. J. , Flocchini , R. G. , Goodart , C. , Shadoan , D. J. and Wolfe , G. 1977 . Analysis of respirable fractions in the atmospheric particles via sequential filtration . J. Air Pollut. Contr. Assoc. , 27 : 675 – 678 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heidman , N. Z. 1981 . Aerosol fractionation by sequential filtration with Nuclepore filters . Atm. Environ. , 15 : 891 – 904 .
   Google Scholar
• John , W. S. , Hering , S. , Reischl , G. and Sasaki , G. 1983 . Characteristics of Nuclepore filters with large pore sizes, II, filtration properties . Atm. Environ. , 17 : 373 – 382 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piketh , S. J. , Swap , R. J. , Anderson , C. A. , Freiman , M. T. , Zunckel , M. and Held , G. 1999 . The Ben Macdhui high altitude trace gas and aerosol transport experiment . South African J. Sci. , 95 : 35 – 43 .
   Google Scholar
• Macko , S. A. , Estep , M. L. F. , Hare , P. E. and Hoering , T. C. 1987 . Isotopic fraction of nitrogen and carbon in the synthesis of amino acids by micro-organisms . Isotopes Geosci. , 15 : 333 – 352 .
   Google Scholar
• Swap , R. J. , Garstang , M. , Macko , S. A. , Tyson , P. D. , Maenhaut , W. , Artaxo , P. and Kållberg , P. 1996 . The long-range transport of southern African aerosols to the tropical south Atlantic . Geophys J. Res. , 101 : 23777 – 23793 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson , T. W. 1984 . An Introduction to Multivariate Statistical Analysis, , 2nd ed. , New York : John Wiley & Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Lambrakis , N. , Antonakos , A. and Panagopoulos , G. 2004 . The use of multicomponent statistical analysis in hydrogeological environmental research . Water Res. , 38 ( 7 ) : 1862 – 1872 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wunderlin , D. A. , del Pilar , D. M. , Amé , M. V. , Pesce , S. F. , Hued , A. C. and de los Ángeles , B. M. 2001 . Pattern recognition techniques for the evaluation of spatial and temporal variations in water quality. A Case Study: Suquía River Basin (Córdoba–Argentina) . Water Res. , 35 ( 12 ) : 2881 – 2894 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grande , J. A. , Borrego , J. , Morales , J. A. and de la Torre , M. L. 2003 . A description of how metal pollution occurs in the Tinto–Odiel rias (Huelva-Spain) through the application of cluster analysis . Mar. Pollut. Bull. , 46 ( 4 ) : 475 – 480 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zunckel , M. , Robertson , L. , Tyson , P. D. and Rodhe , H. 2000 . Modelled transport and deposition of sulphur over Southern Africa, Atmos . Environ. , 34 : 2797 – 2808 .
   Google Scholar
• Tyson , P. D. and D'Abreton , P. C. 1998 . Transport and recylculation of aerosols off southern Africa – Macroscale plume structure . Atmos. Environ. , 32 ( 9 ) : 1511 – 1524 .
   Google Scholar
• Tyson , P. D. , Garstang , M. , Swap , R. J. , Kålberg , P. and Edwards , M. 1996 . An air transport climatology for subtropical southern Africa, Int . J. Clim. , 16 : 265 – 291 .
   Google Scholar
• Wellburn , A. 1994 . “ Air Pollution and Climate Change ” . In The Biological Impact , 28 Essex : Longman .
   Google Scholar