Activated sludge versus aerated lagoon treatment of kraft mill effluents containing β-sitosterol and stigmasterol

References

• Xavier , C. 2006 . Influence of the treatment technology on the elimination of phitosterols contained in cellulose kraft wastewater and on the toxicity of these compounds in aquatic organisms , Ph.D. Thesis of the Environmental Science Program of the University of Concepción 163 Concepción
   Google Scholar
• Strömberg , L. , Mörck , R. , de Souza , F. and Dahlman , O. 1996 . “ Effects of internal process changes and external treatment on effluent chemistry ” . In Environmental Fate and Effects of Pulp and Paper Mill Effluents , Edited by: Servos , M. R. , Munkittrick , K. R. , Carey , J. H. and Van der Kraak , G. J. 3 – 19 . FL : St Lucie Press, Delray Press .
   Google Scholar
• Verta , M. , Ahtiainen , J. , Nakari , T. , Langi , A. and Talka , E. 1996 . “ The effect of waste constituents on toxicity of TCF and ECF pulp bleaching effluents ” . In Environmental Fate and Effects of Pulp and Paper Mill Effluents , Edited by: Servos , M. R. , Munkittrick , K. R. , Carey , J. H. and Van der Kraak , G. J. 41 – 51 . FL : St Lucie Press, Delray Press .
   Google Scholar
• Cook , D. L. , LaFleur , L. , Parrish , A. , Jones , J. and Hoy , D. 1997 . Characterization of plant sterols from 22 US pulp and paper mills . Water Sci. Technol. , 35 : 297 – 303 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van den Heuvel , M. R. , Ellis , R. J. , Tremblay , L. A. and Stuthridge , T. R. 2002 . Exposure of reproductive maturing rainbow trout to a New Zealand pulp and paper mill effluent . Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. , 51 : 65 – 75 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khan , Z. M. and Hall , E. R. 2003 . Occurrence and removal of plant sterols in pulp and paper mill effluents . J. Environ. Eng. Sci. , 2 : 17 – 26 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kostamo , A. , Holmbom , B. and Kukkonen , J. V. K. 2004 . Fate of wood extractives in wastewater treatment plants at kraft pulp mills and mechanical pulp mills . Water Res. , 38 : 972 – 982 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hewitt , L. M. , Parrott , J. L. and McMaster , M. E. 2006 . A decade of research on the environmental impacts of pulp and paper mill effluents in Canada: sources and characteristics of bioactive substances . J. Toxicol. Environ. Health Pt. B , 9 : 341 – 356 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryökkynen , A. , Mustonen , A. M. , Pyykönen , T. and Nieminen , P. 2006 . Endocrine and metabolic alterations in the mink (Mustela vison) due to chronic phytoestrogen exposure . Chemosphere , 64 : 1753 – 1760 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacLatchy , D. L. and van der Kraak , G. 1995 . The phytoestrogen β -sitosterol alters the reproductive endocrine status of goldfish . Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , 134 : 305 – 312 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Correa , J. , Domínguez , V. M. , Martínez , M. and Vidal , G. 2003 . Aerobic degradation of 2,4,6-TCP content in ECF bleached effluent . Environ. Int. , 29 : 459 – 465 .
   Google Scholar
• Chamorro , S. , Xavier , C. R. and Vidal , G. 2005 . Behaviour of aromatic compounds contained in kraft mill effluents treated by an aerated lagoon . Biotechnol. Prog. , 21 : 1567 – 1571 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Belmonte , M. , Xavier , C. , Decap , J. , Martínez , M. , Sierra-Álvarez , R. and Vidal , G. 2006 . Improved aerobic biodegradation of abietic acid in ECF bleached kraft mill effluent due to biomasa adaptation . J. Hazard. Mater. , 135 : 256 – 263 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lerner , M. , Stahl , N. and Galil , N. I. 2007 . Comparative study of MBR and activated sludge in the treatment of paper mill wastewater . Water Sci. Technol. , 6 : 23 – 29 .
   Google Scholar
• Thompson , G. , Swain , J. , Kay , M. and Forster , C. F. 2001 . The treatment of pulp and paper mill effluent: a review . Bioresour. Technol. , 77 : 275 – 286 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diez , M. C. , Castillo , G. , Aguilar , L. , Vidal , G. and Mora , M. L. 2002 . Operational factors and nutrient effects on activated sludge treatment of Pinus radiata kraft mill wastewater . Biosource Technol. , 83 : 131 – 138 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• APHA-AWWA-WPCF . 1985 . Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater, , 16th (ed.) Washington, DC
   Google Scholar
• Sierra-Alvarez , R. , Harbrecht , J. , Kortekaas , S. and Lettinga , G. 1990 . The continuous anaerobic treatment of pulping wastewater . J. Ferment. Bioeng. , 70 : 119 – 127 .
   Google Scholar
• Field , J. A. and Lettinga , G. 1987 . The methanogenic toxicity and anaerobic biodegradability of a hydrolyzable tannin . Water Res. , 21 : 367 – 374 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Çeçen , F. . The use of UV-Vis measurements in the determination of biological treatability of pulp bleaching effluents . Conference Proceedings—7th International Water Association Symposium on Forest Industry Wastewaters . Seattle, Washington.
   Google Scholar
• NIST-EPA-NIH . 2002 . http://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry/quant-ir/
   Google Scholar
• Vidal , G. , Videla , S. and Diez , M. C. 2001 . Molecular weight distribution of Pinus radiata kraft mill wastewater treated by anaerobic digestion . Biosource Technol. , 77 : 183 – 191 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pokhrel , D. and Viraraghavan , T. 2004 . Treatment of pulp and paper mill wastewater- a review . Sci. Total Environ. , 333 : 37 – 58 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• 1998 . Duprem Decret 90 of the Republic of Chile. Emission norm for the regulation of pollutants associate to liquid wastes discharges to sea and continental superficial waters , Chile : CONAMA . DS 90
   Google Scholar
• Milestone , C. B. , Fulthorpe , R. R. and Stuthridge , T. R. 2004 . The formation of colour during biological treatment of pulp and paper process . Water Sci. Technol. , 50 : 87 – 94 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar