Removal of aqueous chromate [Cr(VI)] through photocatalysis by using TiO₂-coated silica granules

References

• McGrath , S. P. and Smith , S. 1990 . “ Chromium and Nickel ” . In Heavy Metals in Soils; , Edited by: Alloway , B. J. 125 – 146 . New York : John Wiley & Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Anderson , R. 1987 . “ Chromium ” . In Trace elements in Human and Animal Nutrition, , 7th ed , Edited by: Mertz , W. 225 – 240 . SanDiego : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Saeki , K. 2008 . Adsorption sequence of toxic inorganic anions on a soil . Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. , 81 : 508 – 512 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buerge , I. J. and Hug , S. J. 1998 . Influence of organic ligands on chromium(VI) reduction by iron (II) . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 32 : 2092 – 2099 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen , D. and Ray , A. K. 2001 . Removal of toxic metal ions from wastewater by semiconductor photocatalysis . Chem. Engineer. Sci. , 56 : 1561 – 1570 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hirakawa , T. , Daimon , T. , Kitazawa , M. , Ohguri , N. , Koga , C. , Negishi , N. , Matsuzawa , S. and Nosaka , Y. 2007 . An approach to estimating photocatalytic activity of TiO2 suspension by monitoring dissolved oxygen and superoxide ion on decomposing organic compounds . J. Photochem. Photobiol. A. , 190 : 58 – 68 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakano , K. , Obuchi , E. , Takagi , S. , Yamamoto , R. , Tanizaki , T. , Taketomi , M. , Eguchi , M. , Ichida , K. , Suzuki , M. and Hashimoto , A. 2004 . Photocatalytic treatment of water containing dinitrophenol and city water over TiO2/SiO2 . Separat. Purif. Technol. , 34 : 67 – 72 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffmann , M. R. , Martin , S. T. , Choi , W. and Bahnemann , D. W. 1995 . Environmental applications of semiconductor photocatalysis . Chem. Rev. , 95 : 69 – 96 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herrman , J. M. 1999 . Heterogeneous photocatalysis: Fundamentals and applications to the removal of various types of aqueous pollutants . Catal. Today , 53 : 115 – 129 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Papadam , T. , Xekoukoulotakis , N. P. , Poulios , I. and Mantzavinos , D. 2007 . Photocatalytic transformation of acid orange 20 and Cr(VI) in aqueous TiO2 suspensions . J. Photochem. Photobiol. A , 186 : 308 – 315 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Navio , J. A. , Colon , G. , Trillas , M. , Peral , J. , Domenech , X. , Testa , J. J. , Padron , J. , Rodriguez , D. and Litter , M. I. 1998 . Heterogeneous photocatalytic reactions of nitrite oxidation and Cr(VI) reduction on iron-doped titania prepared by the wet impregnation method . Appl. Catal. B. , 16 : 187 – 196 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ku , Y. and Jung , I-L. 2001 . Photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) in aqueous solutions by UV irradiation with the presence of titanium dioxide . Water Res. , 35 : 135 – 142 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Testa , J. J. , Grela , M. A. and Litter , M. I. 2001 . Experimental evidence in favor of an initial one-electron-transfer process in the heterogeneous photocatalytic reduction of chromium(VI) over TiO2. . Langmuir , 17 : 3515 – 3516 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun , B. , Reddy , E. P. and Smirniotis , P. G. 2005 . Visible light Cr(VI) reduction and organic chemical oxidation by TiO2 photocatalysis . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 39 : 6251 – 6259 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang , F. , Zheng , Z. , Xu , Z. , Zheng , S. , Guo , Z. and Chen , L. 2006 . Aqueous Cr(VI) photo-reduction catalyzed by TiO2 and sulfated TiO2 . J. Hazard. Mater. B , 134 : 94 – 103 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang , L. , Wang , N. , Zhu , L. , Yu , H. and Tang , H. 2008 . Photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) over different TiO2 photocatalysts and the effects of dissolved organic species . J. Hazard. Mater. , 152 : 93 – 99 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fukaya , M. , Nonami , T. , Watanabe , E. , Iseda , K. , Maeda , M. and Taoda , H. Photocatalytic decolorizetion of dyeing waste water by TiO2 thin film coated on silica-granules . Proceedings of the Third International Conference on ECOMATERIALS . pp. 28
   Google Scholar
• He , Y. T. and Traina , S. J. 2005 . Cr(VI) reduction and immobilization by magnetite under alkaline pH conditions: The role of passivation . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 39 : 4499 – 4504 .
   Google Scholar
• Navio , J. A. , Testa , J. J. , Djedjeian , P. , Padron , J. R. , Rodriguez , D. and Litter , M. I. 1999 . Iron-doped titania powders prepared by a sol-granules method . Part II:Photocatalytic properties. Appl. Catal. A , 178 : 191 – 203 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Munoz , J. and Domenech , X. 1990 . TiO2 catalyzed reduction of Cr(VI) in aqueous-solutions under ultraviolet illumination . J. Appl. Electrochem. , 20 : 518 – 521 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fu , H. , Lu , G. and Li , S. 1998 . Adsorption and photo-induced reduction of Cr(VI) ion in Cr(VI) -4CP (4-chlorophenol) aqueous system in the presence of TiO2 as photocatalyst . J. Photochem. Photobiol. A. , 114 : 81 – 88 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang , X. , Pehkonen , S. O. and Ray , A. K. 2004 . Photocatalytic reduction of Hg(II) on two commercial TiO2 catalysts . Electrochim. Acta , 49 : 1435 – 1444 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sakai , H. , Baba , R. , Hashimoto , K. and Fujishima , A. 1994 . Separate monitoring of reaction products formed at oxidation and reduction sites of TiO2 photocatalysts using a microelectrode . J. Electroanal. Chem. , 379 : 199 – 205 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pehkonen , S. O. , Slefert , R. , Erel , Y. , Webb , S. and Hoffmenn , M. R. 1993 . Photoreduction of iron oxyhydroxides in the presence of important atmospheric organic compounds . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 27 : 2058 – 2062 .
   Google Scholar