Synthesis of hydroxy sodalite from coal fly ash using waste industrial brine solution

References

• Eskom (Electricity Supply Commission, South Africa) abridged annual report . 2009 . [www.eskom.co.za, accessed on 23rd May 2010]
   Google Scholar
• Molina , A. and Poole , C. 2004 . A comparative study using two methods to produce zeolites from fly ash . Min. Eng. , 17 : 167 – 173 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yaping , Y. , Zeng , X. , Qian , W. and Mingwen . 2008 . Synthesis of pure zeolites from supersaturated silicon and aluminium alkali extracts from fused fly ash . Fuel , 87 : 1800 – 1886 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petrik , L. , White , R. , Klink , M. , Somerset , V. , Key , D. L. , Iwuoha , E. , Burgers , C. and Fey , M. V. 2005 . Utilization of fly ash for acid mine drainage remediation . Water Research Commission , Report No. 1242/1/05
   Google Scholar
• Gitari , M. W. , Petrik , L. F. , Etchebers , O. , Key , D. L. , Iwuoha , E. and Okujeni , C. 2006 . Treatment of acid mine drainage with fly ash: removal of major contaminants and trace elements . J. Environ. Sci. Health A Tox. Hazard. Subst. Environ. Eng. , 41 : 1729 – 1747 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Querol , X. , Moreno , N. , Umaña , J. C. , Alastuey , A. , Hernández , E. , López-Soler , A. and Plana , F. 2002 . Synthesis of zeolites from fly ash: an overview . Intl. J. Coal Geol. , 50 : 413 – 423 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Querol , X. , Umaña , J. C. , Plana , F. , Alastuey , A. , Lopez-Soler , A. , Medinaceli , A. , Valero , A. , Domingo , M. J. and Garcia-Rojo , E. 2001 . Synthesis of zeolites from fly ash at pilot plant scale. Examples of potential applications . Fuel , 80 : 857 – 865 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moriyama , R. , Takeda , S. , Onozaki , M. , Katayama , Y. , Shiota , K. , Fukuda , T. , Sugihara , H. and Tani , Y. 2005 . Large-scale synthesis of artificial zeolite from coal fly ash with a small charge of alkaline solution . Fuel , 84 : 1455 – 1461 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moreno , N. , Querol , X. and Ayora , C. 2001 . Utilization of Zeolites Synthesized from Coal Fly Ash for the Purification of Acid Mine Waters . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 35 : 3526 – 534 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee , D. B. , Matsue , N. and Henmi , T. 2001 . Influence of NaOH concentrations dissolved in sea water and hydrothermal temperature on the synthesis of artificial zeolite from coal fly ash . Clay Sci. , 11 : 451 – 463 .
   Google Scholar
• Takashi , H. and Kazuharu , Y. 2008 . Preparation of zeolitic adsorbents for environmental improvement from coal fly ash using alkali fusion method. Proceedings of the 3rd Japan – Taiwan joint international symposium on environmental science and technology . Kitakyushu, Japan ,
   Google Scholar
• Belviso , C. , Cavalcante , F. , Lettino , A. and Fiore , S. 2009 . Zeolite synthesized from fused coal fly ash at low temperature using sea water for crystallisation . Coal Combust. Gasific. Prod. , 1 : 8 – 13 .
   Google Scholar
• Klink , M. J. 2003 . The potential use of South African coal as a neutralisation treatment option for acid mine drainage. MSc Thesis , South Africa : University of the Western Cape .
   Google Scholar
• Hollman , G. G. , Steenbruggen , G. and Janssen-Jurkovicová , M. 1999 . A two-step process for the synthesis of zeolites from fly ash . Fuel , 78 : 1225 – 1230 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Musyoka , N. M. 2009 . Hydrothermal synthesis and optimisation of zeolite Na-P1 from South African coal fly ash. MSc thesis , South Africa : University of the Western Cape .
   Google Scholar
• Gitari , W. M. 2006 . Evaluation of the leachate chemistry and contaminants attenuation in acid mine drainage by fly ash and its derivatives. PhD Thesis , South Africa : University of the Western Cape .
   Google Scholar
• American Society for Testing and Materials, annual book of ASTM standards (ASTM C618-92a) . 1994 . Standard specification for fly ash and raw or calcined natural pozzolan for use as mineral admixture in portland cement concrete . West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania ,
   Google Scholar
• Nagy , J. B. , Bodart , P. , Hannus , I. and Kiricsi , I. 1998 . Synthesis, characterization and use of zeolitic microporous materials . Deca Gen Ltd, Szeged, Hungary ,
   Google Scholar
• Catalfamo , P. , Pasquale , S. D. , Corigliano , F. and Mavilia , L. 1997 . Influence of the calcium content on the coal fly ash features in some innovative applications . Resour. Conserv. Recy. , 20 : 119 – 125 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hui , K. S. and Chao , C. Y.H. 2005 . Effects of step-change of synthesis temperature on synthesis of zeolie 4A from fly ash . Micro. Meso. Mater. , 88 : 145 – 151 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inada , M. , Tsujimoto , H. , Eguchi , Y. , Enomoto , N. and Hojo , J. 2005 . Microwave assisted zeolite synthesis from fly ash in hydrothermal process . Fuel. , 84 : 1482 – 1486 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murayama , N. , Yamamoto , H. and Shibata , J. 2002 . Mechanism of zeolite synthesis from fly ash by alkali hydrothermal reaction . Int. J. Miner. Process. , 64 : 1 – 17 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rayalu , S. S. , Udhoji , J. S. , Munshi , K. N. and Hasan , M. Z. 2001 . Highly crystalline zeolite-A from fly ash of bituminous and lignite coal combustion . J. Hazard. Mater. , 88 : 107 – 121 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shao , J. , Z. Wang , H. , Li , H. and Shao , X. 1997 . Fly ash as an adsorbent for wastewater treatment . Proceedings 14th International Pittsburgh Coal Conference . 1997 , Taiyan, Shanxi, China.
   Google Scholar
• Henmi , T. 1987 . Synthesis of Hydroxy-Sodalite (“Zeolite”) from Waste Coal Ash . Soil Sci. Plant.Nutr. , 33 : 517 – 521 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khajavi , S. , Jansen , J. C. and Kapteijn , F. 2009 . Application of hydroxy sodalite films as novel water selective membranes . J. Membr. Sci. , 326 : 153 – 160 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Szostak , R. 1989 . Molecular Sieves, Principles of synthesis and Identification , New York : Van Nostrand Reinhold .
   Google Scholar
• Khajavi , S. , Kapteijn , F. and Jansen , J. C. 2007 . Synthesis of thin defect-free hydroxy sodalite membranes: New candidate for activated water permeation . J. Membr. Sci. , 299 : 63 – 72 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niekerk , A. , Zah , J. , Breytenbach , J. C. and Krieg , H. M. 2007 . Direct crystallisation of a hydroxy sodalite membrane without seeding using a conventional oven . J. Membr. Sci. , 300 : 156 – 164 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu , X. , Bao , Y. , Song , C. , Yang , W. , Liu , J. and Lin , L. 2004 . Microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of hydroxy-sodalite zeolite membrane . Micro. Meso. Mater. , 75 : 173 – 181 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Breck , D. W. 1974 . Zeolite molecular sieves , New York : John Wiley and Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Ríos , C. A. and Williams , C. D. 2008 . Synthesis of zeolitic materials from natural clinker: A new alternative for recycling coal combustion by-products . Fuel. , 87 : 2482 – 2492 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Innocenzi , P. 2003 . Infrared spectroscopy of sol–gel derived silica-based films: a spectra microstructure overview . J. Non-Cryst. Solids. , 316 : 309 – 319 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaičiukyniene , D. , Baltakys , K. and Kantautas , A. 2009 . Hydrosodalite ion exchange in saturated Ca(OH)2 solution . Mater. Sci.-Poland , 27 : 417 – 426 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kendrick , E. and Dann , S. 2004 . Synthesis, properties and structure of ion exchanged hydrosodalite . J. Solid State Chem. , 177 : 1513 – 1519 .
   Google Scholar
• Nairn , J. , Blackburn , D. and Wilson , M. 2001 . Research and development for fly ash: Opportunity or alchemy . 18th Annual International Pittsburgh Coal Conference . 2001 , Newcastle.
   Google Scholar