Evaluation of urban environment pollution based on the accumulation of macro- and trace elements in epiphytic lichens

References

• Ludenius, M.; Kiiskinen, J.; Tulisalo, E. Metal levels in an epiphytic lichen as indicators of air quality in a suburb of Helsinki, Finland. Boreal Environ. Res. 2010, 15, 446–452.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buszewski, B.; Jastrzębska, A.; Kowalkowski, T.; Górna-Binkul, A. Monitoring of selected heavy metals uptake by plants and soils in the area of Toruń, Poland. Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2000, 9(6), 511–515.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, Y.; Peterson. E.; Cambell, C. Accumulation of heavy metals in urban soils and impacts on microorganism. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2001, 22(3), 44–48.
   Google Scholar
• Krauss, H.; Wilcke, W.; Zech, W. Reactivity and bioavailability of PAHs and PCBs urban soils of Beyreuth. Proceedings First International Conference Soils of Urban, Industrial, Traffic and Mining Areas, (W. Burghardt and C. Dornauf Eds.) Essen 12–18, July, 2000; 657–661.
   Google Scholar
• Clair, S.B.; Clair, L.L.; Mangelson, N.F.; Weber, D.J. Influence of growth form on the accumulation of airborne copper by lichens. Atmos. Environ. 2002, 36, 5637–5644.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hauck, M. Epiphytic lichen diversity on dead and dying conifers under different of atmospheric pollution. Environ. Pollut. 2005, 135, 111–119.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Białońska, D.; Dayan, F.E. Chemistry of the lichen Hypogymnia physodes transplanted to an industrial region. J. Chem. Ecol. 2005, 31(12), 2975–2991.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolseley, P.A.; James, P.W.; Theobald, M.R.; Sutton, M.A. Detecting changes in epiphytic lichen communities at sites affected by atmospheric ammonia from agricultural sources. Lichenologist 2006, 38, 161–176.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brunialti, G.; Frati, L. Biomonitoring of nine elements by the lichen Xanthoria parietina in Adriatic Italy: A retrospective study over a 7-year time span. Sci. Tot. Environ. 2007, 387, 289–300.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frati, L.; Santoni, S.; Nicolardi, V.; Gaggi, C.; Brunialti, G.; Guttova, A.; Gaudino, S.; Pati A.; Pirintsos, S.A.; Loppi S. Lichen biomonitoring of ammonia emission and nitrogen deposition around a pig stockfarm. Environ. Pollut. 2007, 146, 311–316.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Larsen, R.S.; Bell, J.N.B.; James, P.W.; Chimonides, P.J.; Rumsey, F.J.; Tremper, A.; Purvis O.W. Lichen and bryophyte distribution on oak in London in relation to air pollution and bark acidity. Environ. Pollut. 2007, 146(2), 332–340.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sparrius, L.B. Response of epiphytic lichen communities to decreasing ammonia air concentrations in a moderately polluted area of The Netherlands. Environ. Pollut. 2007, 146, 375–379.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Otnyukova, T. Epiphytic lichen growth abnormalities and element concentrations as early indicators of forest decline. Environ. Pollut. 2007, 146, 359–365.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dzubaj, A.; Backor, M.; Tomko, J.; Peli, E.; Tuba Z. Tolerance of the lichen Xanthoria parietina. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 2008, 70(2), 319–326.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adamo, P.; Bargagli, R.; Giordano, S.; Modenesi, P.; Monaci, F.; Pittao, E.; Spagnuolo, V.; Tretiach M. Natural and pre-treatments induced variability in the chemical composition and morphology of lichens and mosses selected for active monitoring of airborne elements. Environ. Pollut. 2008, 152, 11–19.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berthelsen, K.; Olsen, H.; Søchting, U. Indicator values for lichens on Quercus as a tool to monitor ammonia pollution in Denmark. Sauteria 2008, 15, 59–77.
   Google Scholar
• Godinho, R.M.; Verburg, T.G.; Freitas, M.C.; Wolterbeek, H.T. Accumulation of trace elements in the peripheral and central parts of two species of epiphytic lichens transplanted to a polluted site in Portugal. Environ. Pollut. 2009, 157(1), 102–109.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mendil D.; Celik F.; Tuzen M.; Soyolak M. Assessment of trace metal levels in some moss and lichen samples collected from near the motorway in Turkey. J. Hazard. Mater. 2009, 166, 1344–1350.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aslan, A.; Cicek, A.; Yazici, K.; Karagoz, Y.; Turan, M.; Akkus, F.; Yildrim O.S. The assessment of lichens as bioindicator of heavy metal pollution from motor vehicles activities. Afr. J. Agric. Res. 2011, 6, 1698–1706.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Das, K.; Dey, U.; Bhaumik, R.; Datta, J.K.; Mondal N.K. A comparative study of lichen biochemistry and air pollution status of urban, semi urban and industrial area of Hooghly and Burdwan district, West Bengal. J. Stress Physiol. Biochem. 2001, 7(4), 311–323.
   Google Scholar
• Guttova, A.; Lackovičova, A.; Pišut, I.; Pišut P. Decrease air pollution load in urban environment of Bratislava (Slovakia) inferred from accumulation of metal elements in lichens. Environ. Monit. Assess. 2011, 182, 361–373.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paoli, L.; Corsini, A.; Bigagli, V.; Vannini, J.; Bruscoli, C.; Loppi S. Long-term biological monitoring of environmental quality around a solid waste landfill assessed with lichens. Environ. Pollut. 2012, 161, 70–75.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kularatne, K.I.A.; de Freitas, C.R. Epiphytic lichens as biomonitors of airborne heavy metals pollution, Environ. Exp. Bot. 2013, 88, 24–32.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stamenković, S.S.; Mitrović, T.L.J.; Cvetković, V.J.; Kristić, N.S.; BaoŠić Rada, M.; Marković M.S.; Nikolić, N.D.; Marković, V.L.J.; Cvijan M.V. Biological indication of heavy metal pollution in the areas of Donje valse and Cerje (southeastern Serbia) using epiphytic lichens. Arch. Biol. Sci. Belgrade 2013, 65(1), 151–159.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conti, M.E.; Cecchetti, G. Biological monitoring: lichens as bioindicators of air pollution assessment - a review. Environ. Pollut. 2001, 114, 471–492.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conti, M.E.; Tudino, M.; Stripeikis, J.; Cecchetti G. Heavy metal accumulation in the lichen Evernia prunastri transplanted at urban, Rural and industrial sites in Central Italy. J. Atmos. Chem. 2004, 49, 83–94.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garty, J. Biomonitoring atmospheric heavy metals with lichens: theory and application. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 2001, 20, 309–371.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Demirbas, A. Trace elements concentrations in Ashes from various types of lichen biomass species. Energ. Sources 2004, 26, 499–506.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berryman, S.; Straker, J.; Straker, D. Using lichens as bioindycators of air pollution deposition near remote mining operations, 2013. Available at https://circle.ubc.ca/bitstream/handle/2429/24648/12Berryman.pdf?sequence = 1) ( accessed Mar 2015).
   Google Scholar
• Kar, S.; Samal, A.C.; Maity, J.P.; Santra S.C. Diversity of epiphytic lichens and their role in sequestration of atmospheric metals. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2014, 11, 899–908.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nimis, P.L.; Andreussi, S.; Pittao, E. The performance of two lichen species as bioaccumulators of trace metals. Sci. Total Environ. 2001, 275, 43–51.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nash, T.H. Introduction. In: Lichen Biology. 2nd ed. Nash, T.H., Ed.; Cambridge University Press: New York, 2008; 1–8.
   Google Scholar
• Scerbo, R.; Ristori, T.; Possenti, L.; Lampugnani, L.; Barale, R.; Barghigiani, C. Lichen (Xanthoria parietina) biomonitoring of trace element contamination and air quality assessment in Pisa Province (Tuscany, Italy). Sci. Total Environ. 2002, 286, 27–40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cuny, D.; Davranche, L.; Thomas, P.; Kempa, M.; Van Haluwyn C. Spatial and temporal variations of trace element contents in Xanthoria parietina thalli collected in a highly industrialized area in northern France as an element for a future epidemiological study. J. Atmos. Chem. 2004, 49, 391–401.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Damps, K.; Zarembski, A.; Macczak, Z. An annual assessment of air quality in Pomeranian voivodship. Report for 2013. Available at http://www.gdansk.wios.gov.pl/images/files/ios/oceny/op13.pdf (in Polish) (accessed Apr 2015).
   Google Scholar
• Izydorek, I.; Zduńczyk A. Species composition of lichens in the Słupsk city on Western Pomeranian region. Słupskie Prace Biologiczne 2007, 4, 21–26. (in Polish)
   Google Scholar
• Bettinelli, M.; Spezia, S.; Bizzarri, G. Trace elements determination in lichens by ICP-MS, At. Spectrosc. 1996, 17, 133–141.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hervé, A. Factor rotations in factor analyses. Available at http://www.utd.edu/∼herve/Abdi-rotations-pretty.pdf ( accessed Jan 2010).
   Google Scholar
• Thurstone, L.L. Multiple-Factor Analysis; University of Chicago Press: Chicago, 1974.
   Google Scholar
• Cattell, R.B. The Scientific Use of Factor Analysis in Behavioral and Life Sciences; Plenum Press: New York, 1978.
   Google Scholar
• Oliver, M.A.; Webster, R. How geostatistics can help you? Soil Use Mgmt. 1991, 7, 206–217.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yasrebi, J.; Saffari, M.; Fathi, H.; Karimian, N.; Moazallahi, M.; Gazni, R. Evaluation and comparison of ordinary Kriging and inverse distance weighting methods for prediction of spatial variability of some soil chemical parameters. Res. J. Biol. Sci. 2009, 4(1), 93–102.
   Google Scholar
• Webster, R.; Oliver, M.A. Sample adequate to estimate variograms of soil properties. Eur. J. Soil Sci. 2006, 43(1), 177–192.
   Google Scholar
• Chang, T.K. Simulated annealing and kriging method for identifying the spatial patterns and variability of soil heavy metals. J. Environ. Sci. Health A 2000, 35(7), 1089–1115.
   Google Scholar
• Cattle, J.A.; McBratney, A.B.; Minasny, B. Kriging method evaluation for assessing the spatial distribution of urban soil lead contamination, J. Environ. Qual. 2002, 31, 1576–1588.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin, Y.P.; Chang, T.K.; Shih, Ch.W.; Tseng, Ch.H. Factorial and indicator kriging methods using a geographic information system to delineate spatial variation and pollution sources of soil heavy metals. Environ. Geol. 2002, 42(8), 900–909.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Largueche, F.Z.B. Estimating soil contamination with Kriging interpolation method. Am. J. Appl. Sci. 2006, 3(6), 1894–1898.
   Google Scholar
• Liu, T.L.; Juang K.W.; Lee D.Y. Interpolating soil properties using Kriging combined with categorical information of soil maps. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 2006, 70, 1200–1209.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Astel, A.; Chepanova, L.; Simeonov, V. Soil contamination interpretation by the use of monitoring data analysis. Water, Air, Soil Pollut. 2011, 216(1), 375–390.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russellflegal, A.; Gallon, C.; Hibdon S.; Kuspa Z.; Laporte A. Declinings but persistents atmospheric contamination in central California from the resuspension of historic leaded gasoline emissions as recorded in the lace lichen (Ramalina menziesii Taylor) from 1892 to 2006. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2010, 44, 5613–5618.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kar, S.; Maity, J.P.; Samal, A.C.; Santra, S.C. Metallic components of traffic induced urban aerosol. Environ. Monit. Assess. 2010, 168, 561–574.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, X.; Poon, C.; Liu, P.S. Heavy metal contamination of urban soils and street dusts in Hong Kong. Appl. Geochem. 2001, 16, 1361–1368.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Miguel, E.; Llamas, J.F.; Chacon, E.; Berg, T.; Larssen, S.; Røyset, O.; Vadset, M. Origin and patterns of distribution of trace elements in street dust: unleaded petrol and urban lead. Atmos. Environ. 1997, 31, 2733–2740.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Friedlander, S.K. Chemical element balances and identification of air pollution sources. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1973, 7, 235–240.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pacyna, J.M. Atmospheric trace elements from natural and anthropogenic sources. In: Toxic Metals in the Atmosphere; Nriagu, J.O., Davidson, C.I.; Eds.; Wiley: New York, 1986; 33–50.
   Google Scholar
• Jang, H.N.; Kim, S.H.; Lee, J.H.; Hwang, K.W.; Yoo Y.I.; Sok, C.H.; Seo Y.C. Emission characteristics of fine particles, vanadium and nickel from heavy oil combustion. J. Korean Soc. Atmos. Environ. 2006, 22(3), 353–360.
   Google Scholar
• Peltier, R.E.; Hsu, S.I.; Lall, R.; Lippmann, M. Residual oil combustion: a major source of airborne nickel in New York City. J. Exposure Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. 2009, 19(6), 603–612.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marmor, L.; Randlane, T. Effects of road traffic on bark pH and epiphytic lichens in Tallinn. Folia Cryptog. Estonica, Fasc. 2007, 43, 23–37.
   Google Scholar
• Louwhoff, S.H.J.; Elix, J.A. The lichen of Rarotonga, Cook Islands, South pacific Ocean II: Parmeliaceae. Lichenologist 2000, 32(1), 49–55.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huneck, S. The significance of lichens and their metabolites. Naturwissenschaften 1999, 86, 559–570.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boustie, J.; Grube, M. Lichens, a promising source of bioactive secondary metabolites. Plant Gen Res. 2005, 3, 273–287.
   Google Scholar
• Huneck, S.; Yoshimura, I. Identification of Lichen Substances. Springer Verlag: Berlin, Heidelberg, 1996.
   Google Scholar
• Nash, T.H.; Gries, C. Lichens as bioindicators of sulfur dioxide. Symbiosis 2002, 33, 1–21.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, C.W.; Aptroot, A.; Coppins, B.J.; Fletcher, A.; Gilbert, O.L.; James, P.W.; Wolseley P.A. The lichens of Great Britain and Ireland. Brit. Lich. Soc., London, 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Van Dobben, H.F.; Ter Braak C.J.F. Effects of atmospheric NH3 on epiphytic lichens in the Netherlands: the pitfalls of biological monitoring. Atmos. Environ. 1998, 32, 551–557.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirschbaum, U.; Hanewald, K. Verӓnderungen des Flechtenbewuchses in den hessischen Dauerbeobachtungsflӓchen melsungen und Limburg zwischen 1997 und 1999. J. Appl. Bot. - Angewandte Botanic 2000, 75, 20–30.
   Google Scholar
• Gombert, S.; Asta, J.; Seaward M.R.D. Correlation between the nitrogen concentration of two epiphytic lichens and the traffic density in an urban area. Environ. Pollut. 2003, 123, 281–290.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grzebisz, W. Mechanisms of phosphorus intake by the plant. In: Element in the environment. Phosphorus. J. Elem. 2003, 8(3), Suppl. 33–46. (in Polish)
   Google Scholar
• Parzych, A.; Jonczak, J. Pine needles (Pinus sylvestris L.) as bioindicators in the assessment of urban environmental contamination with heavy metals. J. Ecol. Eng. 2014, 15(3), 29–38.
   Google Scholar
• Pasieczna, A. Atlas of urban soils contamination in Poland. National Institute of Geology, Warsaw, 2003. (in Polish)
   Google Scholar
• Kabata-Pendias, A; Pendias, H. Biogeochemistry of trace elements. Polish Scientific Publishing, Warsaw, 1999. (in Polish)
   Google Scholar
• Boonpragob, K.; Nash, T.H. III; Fox, C.A. Seasonal deposition patterns of acidic ions and ammonium to the lichen Ramalina menziesii Tayl. In Southern California. Environ. Exp. Bot. 1989, 29, 187–197.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Migaszewski, Z.; Gałuszka, A.; Crock, J.G.; Lamothe, P.J.; Doegowska S. Interspecies and interregional comparisons of the chemistry of PAHs and trace elements in mosses Hylocomium splendens (Hedw.) B.S.G. and Pleurozium schreberi (Brid.)Mitt. from Poland and Alaska. Atmos. Environ. 2009, 43, 1464–1473.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergamaschi, L.; Rizzio, E.; Giaveri, G.; Loppi, S.; Gallorini, M. Comparison between the accumulation capacity of four lichen species transplanted to a urban site. Environ. Pollut. 2007, 148, 468–476.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ellis, K.M.; Smith, J.N. Dynamic model for radionuclide uptake in lichen. J. Environ. Radioactiv. 1987, 5(3), 185–208.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linak, W.P.; Miller, C.A. Comparison of particale size distributions and element partitioning from the combustion of pulverized coal and residual fuel oil. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 2000, 50, 1532–1544.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ottessen, R.T.; Alexander, J.; De Lange, R. Ground pollution in Bergen—Consequences for health and the environment. NGU Report 1999. Geol. Survey of Norway/Trondheim, 1999.
   Google Scholar
• Majumder, S.; Mishra, D.; Ram, S.S.; Jana, N.K.; Santra, S.C.; Sudarshan, M.A., Physiological and chemical response of the lichen, Flavoparmelia caperata (L.) Hale, to the urban environment of Kolkata, India. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 2013, 20, 3077–3085.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bennet, J.P. Abnormal chemical element concentration lichens of Isle Royale National Park. Environ. Exp. Bot. 1995, 95(3), 259–277.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krawczyk, J.; Letachowicz, B.; Klink, A.; Krawczyk, A. The use of selected plant species and lichen to assess the environmental pollution metals heavy. Zesz. Probl. Post. Nauk Rol. 2004, 501, 227–234. ( in Polish)
   Google Scholar
• Monaci, F.; Bargagli, R. Barum and other trace metals as indicators of vehicle emissions. Water Air Pollut. 1997, 100, 89–98.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freitas, M.C.; Reis, M.A.; Marques, A.P.; Wolterbeek H.Th. Use of lichen transplants in atmospheric deposition studies. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. 2001, 249(2), 307–315.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Minganti, V.; Capelli, R.; Drava, G.; De Pellegrini, R.; Brunialti, G.; Giordani, P.; Modenesi, P. Biomonitoring of trace metals by different species of lichens (Parmelia) in North-West Italy. J. Atmos. Chem. 2013, 45(3), 219–229.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bargagli, R.; Nimis, P.L. Guidelines for the use of epiphytic lichens as biomonitors of atmospheric deposition of trace elements. In: Monitoring with Lichens–Monitoring Lichens; Nimis, P.L., Scheidegger, C., Wolseley, P.A. Eds.; Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht, 2002; 295–299.
   Google Scholar