Accumulation and environmental risk assessment of heavy metals in soil and plants of four different ecosystems in a former polymetallic ores mining and smelting area (Slovakia)

References

• Dadová, J.; Andráš, P.; Kupka, J.; Krnáč, J.; Andráš, P.; Hroncová, E.; Midula, P. Mercury contamination from historical mining territory at Malachov Hg-deposit (Central Slovakia). Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 2016, 23(3), 2914–2927.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hiller, E.; Tóth, R.; Kučerová, G.; Jurkovič, Ľ.; Šottník, P.; Voleková-Lalinská, B.; Vozár, J. Geochemistry of mine tailings from processing of siderite–Cu ores and mobility of selected metals and metalloids evaluated by a pot leaching experiment at the Slovinky impoundment, Eastern Slovakia. Mine Water Environ. 2016, 35(4), 447–461.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ordónez, A.; Álvarez, R.; Charlesworth, E.; De Miguel, E.; Loredo, J. Risk assessment of soils contaminated by mercury mining, Northern Spain. J. Environ. Monit. 2011, 13(1), 128–136.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Langford, B.R.; Ferner, R.E. Toxicity of mercury. J. Hum. Hypertens. 1999, 13, 651–656.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ding, Z.H.; Liu, J.L.; Li, L.Q.; Lin, H.N.; Wu, H.; Hu, Z.Z. Distribution and speciation of mercury in surficial sediments from main mangrove wetlands in China. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 1999, 58, 1319–1325.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abuduwaili, J.; Zhang, Z.Y.; Jiang, F.Q. Assessment of the distribution, sources and potential ecological risk of heavy metals in the dry surface sediment of Aibi Lake in northwest China. PLoS One. 2015, 10(3), e012001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chai, Y.; Guo, J.; Chai, S.; Cai, J.; Xue, L.; Zhang, Q. Source identification of eight heavy metals in grassland soils by multivariate analysis from the Baicheng–Songyuan area, Jilin Province, Northeast China. Chemosphere 2015, 134, 67–75.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, Z.; Ma, Z.; van der Kuijp, T.J.; Yuan, Z.; Huang, L. A review of soil heavy metal pollution from mines in China: pollution and health risk assessment. Sci. Total Environ. 2014, 468, 843–853.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rahman, M.S.; Saha, N.; Molla, A.H. Potential ecological risk assessment of heavy metal contamination in sediment and water body around Dhaka export processing zone, Bangladesh. Environ. Earth Sci. 2014a, 71(5), 2293–2308.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rahman, M.S.; Saha, N.; Molla, A.H.; Al-Reza, S.M. Assessment of anthropogenic influence on heavy metals contamination in the aquatic ecosystem components: water, sediment, and fish. Soil Sediment Contam. Int. J. 2014b, 23(4), 353–373.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaculík, M.; Jurkovič, Ľ.; Matejkovič, P.; Molnárová, M.; Lux, A. Potential risk of arsenic and antimony accumulation by medicinal plants naturally growing on old mining sites. Water Air Soil Pollut. 2013, 224(5), 1546.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pappas, R.; Polzin, G.; Zhang, L.; Watson, C.; Paschal, D.; Ashley, D. Cadmium, lead, and thallium in mainstream tobacco smoke particulate. Food Chem. Toxicol. 2006, 44(5), 714–723.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, W.; Zhang, X.; Wu, B.; Sun, S.; Chen, Y.; Pan, W.; Zhao, D.; Cheng, S. A comparative analysis of environmental quality assessment methods for heavy metal-contaminated soils. Pedosphere 2008, 18(3), 344–352.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rawlins, B.G.; Webster, R.; Lister, T.R. The influence of parent material on topsoil geochemistry in Eastern England. Earth Serf. Proc. Land. 2003, 28(13), 1389–1409.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teng, Y.G.; Tuo, X.G.; Ni, S.J.; Zhang, C.J.; Xu, Z.Q. Environmental geochemistry of heavy metal contaminants in soil and stream sediment in Panzhihua mining and smelting area, Southwestern China. Chinese Journal of Geochemistry. 2003, 22(3), 253–262.
   Google Scholar
• Cai, L.; Xu, Z.; Bao, P.; He, M.; Dou, L.; Chen, L.; Zhou, Y.; Zhu, Y.G. Multivariate and geostatistical analyses of the spatial distribution and source of arsenic and heavy metals in the agricultural soils in Shunde, Southeast China. J. Geochem. Explor. 2015, 148, 189–195.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chabukdhara, M.; Nema, A.K. Heavy metals assessment in urban soil around industrial clusters in Ghaziabad, India: probabilistic health risk approach. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 2013, 87, 57–64.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cai, L.; Xu, Z.; Ren, M.; Guo, Q.; Hu, X.; Hu, G.; Wan, H.; Peng, P. Source identification of eight hazardous heavy metals in agricultural soils of Huizhou, Guangdong Province, China. Ecotox. Environ. Saf. 2012, 78, 2–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Praveena, S.M.; Ismail, S.N.S.; Aris, A.Z. Health risk assessment of heavy metal exposure in urban soils from Seri Kemebangan (Malaysia). Arab. J. Geosci. 2015, 8(11), 9753–9761.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saha, N.; Rahman, M.S.; Jolly, Y.N.; Rahman, A.; Sattar, M.A.; Hai, M.A. Spatial distribution and contamination assessment of six heavy metals in soils and their transfer into mature tobacco plants in Kushtia District, Bangladesh. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 2015, 23(4), 3414–3426.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Othmani, M.A.; Souissi, F.; Durães, N.; Abdelkader, M.; Silva, E.F. Assessment of metal pollution in a former mining area in the NW Tunisia: spatial distribution and fraction of Cd, Pb and Zn in soil. Environ Monit. Assess. 2015, 187(8), 4734.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chibiuke, G.U.; Obiora, S.C. Heavy metal polluted soils: Effect on plants and bioremediation methods. Appl. Environ. Soil Sci. 2014, 1–12.
   Google Scholar
• Hakanson, L. An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control. A sedimentological approach. Water Res. 1980, 14(8), 975–1001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abrahim, G.M.S.; Parker, R.J. Assessment of heavy metal enrichment factors and the degree of contamination in marine sediments from Tamaki Estuary, Auckland, New Zealand. Environ. Monit. Assess. 2008, 136, 227–238.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Michaeli, E.; Boltižiar, M. Selected localities of environmental loads in environmentally loaded areas in Slovakia. Geograph. Stud. 2010, 1, 18–47 [ in Slovak].
   Google Scholar
• Muncner, E.; Magula, R.; Baláži, R. 600 years of mining in Slovinky village. Košice: Východoslovenské vydavateľstvo, Slovinky: železorudné bane; Východoslovenské vydavateľstvo: Košice, Slovak Republic, 1986; 160 pp. [ in Slovak].
   Google Scholar
• Árvay, J.; Tomáš, J.; Hauptvogl, M.; Massányi, P.; Harangozo, Ľ.; Tóth, T.; Stanovič, R.; Bryndzová, Š.; Bumbalová, M. Human exposure to heavy metals and possible public health risks via consumption of wild edible mushrooms from Slovak Paradise National Park, Slovakia. J. Environ. Sci. Health, Part B. 2015, 50(11), 833–843.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bálintová, M.; Singovszká, E.; Vodička, R.; Purcz, P. Statistical evaluation of dependence between pH, metal contaminants, and flow rate in the AMD-affected Smolník Creek. Mine Water Environ. 2015, 35(1), 10–17.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Árvay, J.; Tomáš, J.; Hauptvogl, M.; Kopernická, M.; Kováčik, A.; Bajčan, D.; Massanyi, P. Contamination of wild-grown edible mushrooms by heavy metals in a former mercury-mining area. J. Environ. Sci. Health Part B. 2014, 49(11), 815–827.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Angelovičová, L.; Fazekašová, D. Contamination of the soil and water environment by heavy metals in the former mining area of Rudňany (Slovakia). Soil Water Res. 2014, 9(1), 18–24.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hronec, O.; Vilček, J.; Tóth, T.; Andrejovský, P.; Adamišin, P.; Andrejovská, A.; Daňová, M.; Huttmanová, E.; Vilimová, M.; Škultéty, P.; Juhászová, M. Heavy metals in soils and plants in Rudnansko-gelnicka loaded area. Acta regionalia et environmentalica. 2008, 1, 24–28. [ in Slovak].
   Google Scholar
• Hronec, O.; Toth, J.; Holobradý, K. Air Pollutants in Relation to Soils and Plants in Eastern Slovakia; Príroda: Bratislava, Slovak Republic, 1992; 194 pp. [in Slovak].
   Google Scholar
• Tomáš, J.; Árvay, J.; Tóth, T.; Vollmannová, A.; Kopernická, M.; Slávik, M. The level of crop plants contamination of heavy metals from the historical mines area. J. Microbiol. Biotech. Food Sci. 2014, 3, 294–297.
   Google Scholar
• Slávik, M.; Tóth, T.; Harangozo, Ľ.; Árvay, J.; Stanovič, R.; Miššík, J. The content of mercury in edible mushrooms from middle spiš area. J. Microbiol. Biotech. Food Sci. 2013, 2, 2115–2124.
   Google Scholar
• Kalač, P.; Nižňanská, M.; Bevilaqua, D.; Staškova, I. Concentrations of mercury, copper, cadmium and lead in fruiting bodies of edible mushrooms in the vicinity of a mercury smelter and a copper smelter. Sci. Total Environ. 1996, 177(1–3), 251–258.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tomáš, J.; Árvay, J.; Tóth, T. Heavy metals in productive parts of agicultural plants. J. Microbiol. Biotech. Food Sci. 2012, 1, 819–827.
   Google Scholar
• Kelepertzis, E.; Galanos, E.; Mitsis, I. Origin, mineral speciation and geochemical baseline mapping of Ni and Cr in agricultural topsoils of Thiva valley (central Greece). J. Geochem. Explor. 2013, 125, 56–68.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• R Core Team R. A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing; R Foundation for Statistical Computing: Vienna, Austria, 2012.
   Google Scholar
• Hashmi, M.Z.; Yu, C.; Shen, H.; Duan, D.; Shen, C.; Lou, L.; Chen, Y. Risk assessment of heavy metals pollution in agricultural soils of siling reservoir watershed in Zhejiang Province, China. Bio. Med. Res. Int. 2013, 103–113.
   Google Scholar
• Loska, K.; Wiechuła, D.; Korus, I. Metal contamination of farming soils affected by industry. Environ. Int. 2013, 30, 159–165.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kabata-Pendias, A. Trace Elements in Soils and Plants; Taylor and Francis Group: London, United Kingdom, 2011; 534 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Čurlík, J.; Šefčík, P. Geochemical atlas of the Slovak Republic. Part V: Soils; Ministry of the Environment: Bratislava, Slovak Republic, 1999; 99 pp. [ in Slovak].
   Google Scholar
• Kabata-Pendias, A.; Pendias, H. Trace Elements in Soils and Plants; CRC Press: London, United Kingdom, 1992; 365 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Tomlinson, D.L.; Wilson, J.G.; Harris, C.R.; Jeffrey, D.W. Problems in the assessment of heavy-metal levels in estuaries and the formation of a pollution index. Helgoländer Meeresun. 1980, 33, 566–575.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, X.; He, M.; Xie, J.; Xi, J.; Lu, X. Heavy metal pollution of the world largest antimony mine-affected agricultural soils in Hunan province (China). J. Soil. Sediments. 2010, 10(5), 827–837.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hohl, H.; Varma, A. Soil: The living matrix. In Soil Heavy Metals; Sherameti, I., Varma, A., Eds.; Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg: London New York, 2010; 1–19.
   Google Scholar
• Alloway, J.B. Heavy Metals In Soils: Trace Metals and Metalloids in Soils and their Bioavailability; Springer Science-Business Media: London, United Kingdom, 2010; 613 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Act No 188/2003 Coll. On application of sewage sludge and bottom sediment into the soil and amending and supplementing Act No 223/2001 Coll. On waste and amending and supplementing certain acts.
   Google Scholar
• Baize, D.; Sterckeman, T. Of the necessity of knowledge of the natural pedogeochemical background content in the evaluation of the contamination of soils by trace elements. Sci. Total Environ. 2001, 264(1–2), 127–139.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamal, S.; Prasad, R.; Varma, A. Soil microbial diversity in relation to heavy metals. In Soil Heavy Metals; Shrameti, I., Varma, A., Eds.; Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg: London New York, 2010; 31–65.
   Google Scholar
• Hooda, P.S. Trace Elements in Soils; Willey-Blackwell: Chichester, UK, 2010; 616 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Vilček, J.; Hronec, O.; Tomáš, J. Risk elements in soil of burdened areas of eastern Slovakia. Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2012, 21, 1429–1436.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yalcin, M.G.; Tumuklu, A.; Sonmez, M.; Erdag, D.S. Application of multivariate statistical approach to identify heavy metal sources in bottom soil of the Seyhan River (Adana), Turkey. Environ. Monit. Assess. 2010, 164, 311–322.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yalcin, M.G.; Narin, I.; Soylak, M. Multivariate analysis of heavy metal contents of sediments from Gumusler creek, Nigde, Turkey. Environ. Geol. 2008, 54, 1155–1163.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yi, Y.; Yang, Z.; Zhang, S. Ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in sediment and human health risk assessment of heavy metals in fishes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin. Environ. Pollut. 2011, 159(10), 2575–2585.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, F.Y.; Fan, Z.P.; Xiao, P.F.; Oh, K.; Ma, X.P.; Hou, W. Contamination, chemical speciation and vertical distribution of heavy metals in soils of an old and large industrial zone in northeast China. Environ. Geol. 2009, 57(8), 1815–1823.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al–Khashman, O.A.; Shawabkeh, R.A. Metals distribution in soils around the cement factory in southern Jordan. Environ. Pollut. 2006, 140, 387–394.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petriláková, A.; Bálintová, M.; Holub, M. Precipitation of heavy metals from acid mine drainage and their geochemical modeling. SPP-J. Civil Engin. 2014, 9, 79–86.
   Google Scholar
• Ağca, N. Spatial distribution of heavy metal content in soils around an industrial area in Southern Turkey. Arab. J. Geosci. 2015, 8(2), 1111–1123.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pan, Y.P.; Wanq, Y.S. Atmospheric wet and dry deposition of trace elements at 10 sites in Northern China. Atmos. Chemis. Phys. 2015, 15, 951–972.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morton-Bermea, O.; Hernández-Álvarez, E.; González-Hernández, G.; Romero, F.; Lozano, R.; Beramendi-Orosco, L.E. Assessment of heavy metal pollution in urban topsoils from the metropolitan area of Mexico City. J. Geochem. Explor. 2009, 101(3), 218–224.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, M.; Yang, Y.; Yun, X.; Zhang, M.; Wang, J. Concentrations, distribution, sources, and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in agricultural topsoil of the Three Gorges Dam region, China. Environ. Monit. Assess. 2015, 187(3), 147.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jinmei, B.; Xueping, L. Heavy metal pollution in surface soils of Pearl River Delta, China. Environ. Monit. Assess. 2014, 186(12), 8051–8061.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, G.; Tao, L.; Liu, X.; Hou, J.; Wang, A.; Li, R. Heavy metal speciation and pollution of agricultural soils along Jishui River in non-ferrous metal mine area in Jiangxi Province, China. J. Geochem. Explor. 2013, 132, 156–163.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu, T.; Qiu, J.; Wu, Q.T.; Guo, X.; Wei, Z.; Xie, F.; Wong, J.W.C. Fate of heavy metals and major nutrients in a sludge-soil-plant leachate system during the sludge phyto-treatment process. Environ. Technol. 2013, 34(13–16), 2221–2229.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smolders, E.; Bissani, C.; Helmke, P.A. Liming reduces cadmium uptake from soil: Why doesn't it work better? Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on the Biogeochemistry of Trace Elements. Vienna, Austria. 1999, 1, 528–529.
   Google Scholar
• Fritioff, A.; Kautsky, L.; Greger, M. Influence of temperature and salinity on heavy metal uptake by submersed plants. Environ. Pollut. 2005, 133(2), 265–274.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Furinim, A. Plants and Heavy Metals; Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg: New York London, 2012; 86 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Ashraf, M.A.; Maah, M.J.; Yusoff, I. Heavy metals accumulation in plants growing in ex tin mining catchment. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Tech. 2011, 8, 401–416.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morel, J.L. Bioavailability of trace elements to terrestrial plants. In Soil Ecotoxicology; Tarradellas, J., Bitton, G., Rossel, D., Eds.; Lewis Publishers, CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, 1997; 141–176.
   Google Scholar
• Moraghan, J.T.; Mascani, H.J. Environmental and soil factors affecting micronutrients deficiencies and toxicities. In Micronutrients in Agriculture, Mortvedt, J.J., Cox, F.R., Shuman, L.M., Eds.; Science Society of America: Madison, WI, 1991; 371–413.
   Google Scholar
• Ahmad, K.; Khan, Z.I.; Ashfa, A.; Khan, A.; Shad, H.A.; Sher, M.; Dogar, Z.U.H.; Noorka, I.R.; Khan, M.A.; Yasmin, S.; Tufarelli, V.; Cazzato, E. Assessment of metals and metalloids in vegetable crop irrigated with domestic wastewater in Peri-Urban areas of Khushab City, Pakistan. Fresen. Environ. Bull. 2015, 243, 404–3408.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kloke, A.; Sauerbeck, D.R.; Vetter, H. The contamination of plants and soils with heavy metals and the transport of metals in terrestrial food chains. Changing Metal Cycles Hum. Health. 1984, 28, 113–141.
   Google Scholar