Distribution and environmental risk assessment of trace metals in sludge from multiple sources in Taiwan

Reference

• Griggs, D.; Stafford-Smith, M.; Gaffney, O.; Rockström, J.; Ohman, M. C.; Shyamsundar, P.; Steffen, W.; Glaser, G.; Kanie, N.; Noble, I.; et al. Policy: Sustainable Development Goals for People and Planet. Nature 2013, 495, 305–307. DOI: 10.1038/495305a.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, B. J.; Hanson, M. E.; Liverman, D. M.; Merideth, R. W. Global Sustainability toward Definition. Environ. Manag. 1987, 11, 713–719. DOI: 10.1007/BF01867238.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, T. L.; Kim, H.; Pan, S. Y.; Tseng, P. C.; Lin, Y. P.; Chiang, P. C. Implementation of Green Chemistry Principles in Circular Economy System towards Sustainable Development Goals: Challenges and Perspectives. Sci. Total Environ. 2020, 716, 136998 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136998.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiao, K. K.; Zhou, Y. Protein Recovery from Sludge: A Review. J. Clean. Prod. 2020, 249, 16.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gomes, L. A.; Gabriel, N.; Gando-Ferreira, L. M.; Gois, J. C.; Quina, M. J. Analysis of Potentially Toxic Metal Constraints to Apply Sewage Sludge in Portuguese Agricultural soils. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int. 2019, 26, 26000–26014. DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05796-6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cecchi, F.; Cavinato, C. Smart Approaches to Food Waste Final Disposal. IJERPH 2019, 16, 2860. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16162860.
   Google Scholar
• Kominko, H.; Gorazda, K.; Wzorek, Z.; Wojtas, K. Sustainable Management of Sewage Sludge for the Production of Organo-Mineral Fertilizers. Waste Biomass Valor. 2018, 9, 1817–1826. DOI: 10.1007/s12649-017-9942-9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Świerczek, L.; Cieślik, B. M.; Konieczka, P. The Potential of Raw Sewage Sludge in Construction industry - A Review. J. Clean. Prod. 2018, 200, 342–356. DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.07.188.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsai, W. T. An Analysis of Waste Management Policies on Utilizing Biosludge as Material Resources in Taiwan. Sustainability 2012, 4, 1879–1887. DOI: 10.3390/su4081879.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hering, R. New Method of Sewage Sludge Treatment. Am. J. Public Health 1912, 2, 112–114. DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2.2.112.
   Google Scholar
• Kelessidis, A.; Stasinakis, A. S. Comparative Study of the Methods Used for Treatment and Final Disposal of Sewage Sludge in European Countries. Waste Manag. 2012, 32, 1186–1195. DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2012.01.012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alloway, B. J.; Jackson, A. P. The Behavior of Heavy-Metals in Sewage Sludge-Amended Soils. Sci. Total Environ. 1991, 100, 151–176. DOI: 10.1016/0048-9697(91)90377-Q.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ullah, H.; Khan, N. U.; Ali, F.; Shah, Z. A.; Ullah, Q. Health Risk of Heavy Metals from Vegetables Irrigated with Sewage Water in Peri-Urban of Dera Ismail Khan. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2018, 15, 309–322. DOI: 10.1007/s13762-017-1384-1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Juliastuti, S. R.; Baeyens, J.; Creemers, C. Inhibition of Nitrification by Heavy Metals and Organic Compounds: The ISO 9509 Test. Environ. Eng. Sci. 2003, 20, 79–90. DOI: 10.1089/109287503763336511.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dewil, R.; Baeyens, J.; Goutvrind, R. Ultrasonic Treatment of Waste Activated Sludge. Environ. Prog. 2006, 25, 121–128. DOI: 10.1002/ep.10130.
   Google Scholar
• Vallee, B. L.; Ulmer, D. D. Biochemical Effects of Mercury, Cadmium, and Lead. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 1972, 41, 91–128.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lake, D. L.; Kirk, P. W. W.; Lester, J. N. The Effects of Anaerobic-Digestion on Heavy-Metal Distribution in Sewage-Sludge. Water Pollut. Control 1985, 84, 549–558.
   Google Scholar
• Beauchesne, I.; Cheikh, Ben R.; Mercier, G.; Blais, J. F.; Ouarda, T. Chemical Treatment of Sludge: In-Depth Study on Toxic Metal Removal Efficiency, Dewatering Ability and Fertilizing Property Preservation. Water Res. 2007, 41, 2028–2038. DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2007.01.051.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, Y.; Cheng, J. J.; Creamer, K. S. Inhibition of Anaerobic Digestion Process: A Review. Bioresour. Technol. 2008, 99, 4044–4064. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.01.057.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shrivastava, S. K.; Banerjee, D. K. Operationally Determined Speciation of Copper and Zinc in Sewage Sludge. Chem. Speciation Bioavail. 1998, 10, 137–143. DOI: 10.3184/095422998782775745.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song, F.; Gu, L.; Zhu, N.; Yuan, H. Leaching Behavior of Heavy Metals from Sewage Sludge Solidified by Cement-Based Binders. Chemosphere 2013, 92, 344–350. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.01.022.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Placek, A.; Grobelak, A.; Kacprzak, M. Improving the Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals Contaminated Soil by Use of Sewage Sludge. Int. J. Phytoremediat. 2016, 18, 605–618. DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2015.1086308.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cieślik, B.; Konieczka, P. A Review of Phosphorus Recovery Methods at Various Steps of Wastewater Treatment and Sewage Sludge Management. The Concept of “No Solid Waste Generation” and Analytical Methods. J. Clean. Prod. 2017, 142, 1728–1740. DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.11.116.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, R.; Zhao, W.; Li, Y.; Wang, W.; Zhu, X. Heavy Metal Removal and Speciation Transformation through the Calcination Treatment of Phosphorus-Enriched Sewage Sludge Ash. J. Hazard. Mater. 2015, 283, 423–431. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.09.052.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saha, S.; Saha, B. N.; Hazra, G. C.; Pati, S.; Pal, B.; Kundu, D. Assessing the Suitability of Sewage-Sludge Produced in Kolkata, India for Their Agricultural Use. Proc. Indian Natl. Sci. Acad. 2018, 84, 781–792.
   Google Scholar
• NIEA. Soil Acid-Base Value (pH) Determination Method - Electrode Method. NIEA S41062C. 2009, Taiwan.
   Google Scholar
• Apha, Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 22nd ed.; American Public Health Association: Washington, DC. 2012.
   Google Scholar
• Nelson, D. W.; Sommers, L. E. Total Carbon, Organic Carbon, and Organic Matter. In: Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2, 2nd ed. Page, A. L., Eds.; John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1996; Vol. 9, pp 961–1010
   Google Scholar
• Walkley, A.; Black, I. A. An Examination of the Degtjareff Method for Determining Organic Carbon in Soils: Effect of Variations in Digestion Conditions and of Inorganic Soil Constituents. Soil Sci 1934, 63, 251–263.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loring, D. H.; Rantala, R. T. T. Manual for the Geochemical Analyses of Marine-Sediments and Suspended Particulate Matter. Earth-Sci. Rev 1992, 32, 235–283. DOI: 10.1016/0012-8252(92)90001-A.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Müller, G. Schwermetalle in Den Sedimenten Des RheinsVeãderung Seit. Umschav 1979, 79, 133–149.
   Google Scholar
• Chen, Z. S.; Lee, D. Y. Heavy Metals Contents of Representative Agricultural Soils in Taiwan. J. Chin. Inst. Eng. 1995, 5, 205–211.
   Google Scholar
• Håkanson, L. Ecological Risk Index for Aquatic Pollution Control. A Sedimentological Approach. Water Res 1980, 14, 975–1001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abrahim, G. M. S.; Parker, R. J. Assessment of Heavy Metal Enrichment Factors and the Degree of Contamination in Marine Sediments from Tamaki Estuary, Auckland. Environ. Monit. Assess. 2008, 136, 227–238.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tomlinson, D. L.; Wilson, J. G.; Harris, C. R.; Jeffrey, D. W. Problems in the Assessment of Heavy-Metal Levels in Estuaries and the Formation of a Pollution Index. Helgolander. Meeresunters. 1980, 33, 566–575. DOI: 10.1007/BF02414780.
   Google Scholar
• Huffman, E. W. D.; Allaway, W. H. Chromium in Plants: distribution in Tissues, Organelles, and Extracts and Availability of Bean Leaf Cr to Animals. J. Agric. Food Chem. 1973, 21, 982–986. DOI: 10.1021/jf60190a008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davies, F. T.; Puryear, J. D.; Newton, R. J.; Egilla, J. N.; Grossi, J. A. S. Mycorrhizal Fungi Increase Chromium Uptake by Sunflower Plants: Influence on Tissue Mineral Concentration, Growth, and Gas Exchange. J. Plant. Nutr. 2002, 25, 2389–2407. DOI: 10.1081/PLN-120014702.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peralta, J. R.; Gardea-Torresdey, J. L.; Tiemann, K. J.; Gomez, E.; Arteaga, S.; Rascon, E.; Parsons, J. G. Uptake and Effects of Five Heavy Metals on Seed Germination and Plant Growth in Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa L.). Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 2001, 66, 727–734. DOI: 10.1007/s001280069.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh, R.; Singh, S.; Parihar, P.; Singh, V. P.; Prasad, S. M. Arsenic Contamination, Consequences and Remediation Techniques: A Review. Ecotox. Environ. Safe 2015, 112, 247–270. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.10.009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marcussen, H.; Dalsgaard, A.; Holm, P. E. Content, Distribution and Fate of 33 Elements in Sediments of Rivers Receiving Wastewater in Hanoi, Vietnam. Environ. Pollut. 2008, 155, 41–51. DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2007.11.001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, P.; Lombi, E.; Menzies, N. W.; Zhao, F. J.; Kopittke, P. M. Engineered Silver Nanoparticles in Terrestrial Environments: A Meta-Analysis Shows That the Overall Environmental Risk is Small. Environ-Sci. Nano 2018, 5, 15.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fijalkowski, K.; Rorat, A.; Grobelak, A.; Kacprzak, M. J. The Presence of Contaminations in Sewage sludge - The current situation. J. Environ. Manag. 2017, 203, 1126–1136. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.05.068.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shamuyarira, K. K.; Gumbo, J. R. Assessment of Heavy Metals in Municipal Sewage Sludge: A Case Study of Limpopo Province, South Africa. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2014, 11, 2569–2579. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph110302569.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, X.; Wang, X. Q.; Wang, D. F. Immobilization of Heavy Metals in Sewage Sludge during Land Application Process in China: A Review. Sustainability 2017, 9, 19.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, C.; Hu, X.; Chen, M. L.; Wu, Y. H. Total Concentrations and Fractions of Cd, Cr, Pb, Cu, Ni and Zn in Sewage Sludge from Municipal and Industrial Wastewater Treatment Plants. J. Hazard. Mater. 2005, 119, 245–249. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2004.11.023.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spiegel, S. J.; Farmer, J. K.; Garver, S. Heavy Metal Concentrations in Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant Sludge. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 1985, 35, 38–43. DOI: 10.1007/BF01636477.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nyamukamba, P.; Moloto, M. J.; Tavengwa, N.; Ejidike, I. P. Evaluating Physicochemical Parameters, Heavy Metals, and Antibiotics in the Influents and Final Effluents of South African Wastewater Treatment Plants. Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2019, 28, 1305–1312. DOI: 10.15244/pjoes/85122.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, T.; Huang, H. J.; Lai, F. Y. Pollution Hazards of Heavy Metals in Sewage Sludge from Four Wastewater Treatment Plants in Nanchang, China. Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China 2017, 27, 2249–2259. DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(17)60251-6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spanos, T.; Ene, A.; Styliani; Patronidou, C.; Xatzixristou, C. Temporal Variability of Sewage Sludge Heavy Metal Content from Greek Wastewater Treatment Plants. Ecol. Chem. Eng. S 2016, 23, 271–283.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tiruneh, A. T.; Fadiran, A. O.; Mtshali, J. S. Evaluation of the Risk of Heavy Metals in Sewage Sludge Intended for Agricultural Application in Swaziland. Int. J. Environ. Sci. 2014, 5, 197–216.
   Google Scholar
• Wang, Y. P.; Liao, C. H. The Uptake of Heavy Metals by Crop. In: The establishment of monitoring database of heavy metals in the crop. Taiwan Agricultural Chemical and Toxic Substances Research Institute (TACTRI), Taiwan, 1999; 57–60.
   Google Scholar
• Elshintinawy, F. Govindjee, Bicarbonate Effects in Leaf-Disks from Spinach. Photosynth. Res. 1990, 24, 189–200.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grant, C. A.; Buckley, W. T.; Bailey, L. D.; Selles, F. Cadmium Accumulation in Crops. Can. J. Plant Sci. 1998, 78, 1–17. DOI: 10.4141/P96-100.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, M.; Liu, H. L.; Dang, F.; Hintelmann, H.; Yin, B.; Zhou, D. M. Alteration of Crop Yield and Quality of Three Vegetables upon Exposure to Silver Nanoparticles in Sludge-Amended Soil. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. 2020, 8, 2472–2480. DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b06721.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Durenkamp, M.; Pawlett, M.; Ritz, K.; Harris, J. A.; Neal, A. L.; McGrath, S. P. Nanoparticles within WWTP Sludges Have Minimal Impact on Leachate Quality and Soil Microbial Community Structure and Function. Environ. Pollut. 2016, 211, 399–405. DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.12.063.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoshida, H.; Christensen, T. H.; Guildal, T.; Scheutz, C. A Comprehensive Substance Flow Analysis of a Municipal Wastewater and Sludge Treatment Plant. Chemosphere 2015, 138, 874–882. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.09.045.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Busetti, F.; Badoer, S.; Cuomo, M.; Rubino, B.; Traverso, P. Occurrence and Removal of Potentially Toxic Metals and Heavy Metals in the Wastewater Treatment Plant of Fusina (Venice, Italy). Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2005, 44, 9264–9272. DOI: 10.1021/ie0506466.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mattsson, A.; Finnson, A.; I'Ons, D. Heavy Metal Content of Swedish Municipal Wastewater sludge - status and goals. Water Sci Technol 2017, 76, 869–876. DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.277.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milik, J.; Pasela, R.; Lachowicz, M.; Chalamoński, M. The Concentration of Trace Elements in Sewage Sludge from Wastewater Treatment Plant in Gniewino. J. Ecol. Eng. 2017, 18, 118–124. DOI: 10.12911/22998993/74628.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar