References
- Abdel-halim, W.; Weichgrebe, D.; Rosenwinkel, K. Sustainable Sewage Treatment and Re-Use in Developing Countries. In Proceedings of the Twelfth International Water Technology Conference, IWTC 2008, 12, Alexandria, Egypt, 1397–1409.
- European Commission Environment. https://ec.europa.eu/environment/water/index_en.htm (accessed July 30, 2020).
- An, T., Zhao, H. and Wong, P.K. eds., 2017. Advances in photocatalytic disinfection. Berlin: Springer.
- Domínguez-Espíndola, R. B.; Bruguera-Casamada, C.; Silva-Martínez, S.; Araujo, R. M.; Brillas, E.; Sirés, I. Photoelectrocatalytic Inactivation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Using an Ag-Decorated TiO2 Photoanode. Sep. Purif. Technol 2019, 208, 83–91. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2018.05.005.
- Wang, A.; Lin, C.; Shen, Z.; Liu, Z.; Xu, H.; Cheng, J.; Wen, X. Effects of Pre-Oxidation on Haloacetonitrile and Trichloronitromethane Formation during Subsequent Chlorination of Nitrogenous Organic Compounds. IJERPH. 2020, 17, 1046. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17031046.
- Schoeny, R. Disinfection by-Products: A Question of Balance. Perspectives 2010, 118(11), 466–467.
- Ghani, A.; Dalvi, I.; Al-Rasheed, R.; Javeed, M. Haloacetic Acids (HAAs) Formation in Desalination Processes from Disinfectants. Desalination 2000, 129, 261–271.
- Collivignarelli, M. C.; Abbà, A.; Miino, M. C.; Caccamo, F. M.; Torretta, V.; Rada, E. C.; Sorlini, S. Disinfection of Wastewater by UV-Based Treatment for Reuse in a Circular Economy Perspective. Where Are We at? IJERPH. 2021, 18, 77. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010077.
- Lee, W. N.; Huang, C. H. Formation of Disinfection by-Products in Wash Water and Lettuce by Washing with Sodium Hypochlirite and Peractic Acid Sanitizers. Food. Chem. 2019, 1, 100003.
- Makoś, P.; Przyjazny, A.; Boczkaj, G. Methods of Assaying Oxygenated Organic Compounds in Effluent Samples by Gas Chromatpgraphy – A Review. J. Chromatogr A. 2019, 1592, 143–160. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2019.01.045.
- Tshangana, C. S.; Muleja, A. A.; Mamba, B. B. Photocatalytic Activity of Graphene Oxide Quantum Dots in an Effluent from a South African Wastewater Treatment Plant. J. Nanopart. Res. 2021, 24, 43. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-022-05422-6.
- Sun, H. Q.; Kwan, C.; Suvorova, S.; Ang, H. M.; Tadè, M. O.; Wang, S. B. Catalytic Oxidation of Organic Pollutants on Pristine and Surface Nitrogen-Modified Carbon Nanotubes with Sulfate Radicals. Appl. Catal. B. Environ. 2014, 154-155, 507–512.
- Dalrymple, O. K.; Stefanakos, E.; Trotz, M. A.; Goswami, D. Y. A Review of the Mechanisms and Modeling of Photocatalytic Disinfection. Appl. Catal. B Environ. 2010, 98, 27–38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2010.05.001.
- Lee, O. M.; Kim, H. Y.; Park, W.; Kim, T. H.; Yu, S. A Comparative Study of Disinfection Efficiency and Regrowth Control of Microorganism in Secondary Wastewater Effluent Using UV, Ozone, and Ionizing Irradiation Process. J. Hazard. Mater. 2015, 295, 201–208.
- Cai, M.; Sun, P.; Zhang, L.; Huang, C.-H. UV/Peracetic Acid for Degradation of Pharmaceuticals and Reactive Species Evaluation. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2017, 51, 14217–14224. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b04694.
- Shen, K.; Chen, X.; Chen, J.; Li, Y. Development of MOF-Derived Carbon-Based Nanomaterials for Efficient Catalysis. ACS Catal. 2016, 6, 5887–5903. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.6b01222.
- Zhou, F.; Lu, C.; Yao, Y.; Sun, L.; Gong, F.; Li, D.; Pei, K.; Lu, W.; Chen, W. Activated Carbon Fibers as an Effective Metal-Free Catalyst for Peracetic Acid Activation: implications for the Removal of Organic Pollutants. Chem. Eng. J. 2015, 281, 953–960. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2015.07.034.
- Shen, J. H.; Zhu, Y.; Yang, C.; Li, C. Graphene Quantum Dots: emergent Nanolights for Bioimaging, Sensors, Catalysis and Photovoltaic Devices. Chem Commun (Camb). 2012, 48, 3686–3699.
- Yan, X.; Cui, X.; Li, L. Synthesis of Large, Stable Colloidal Graphene Quantum Dots with Tunable Size. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 5944–5953.
- Anand, S.; Mathew, M. R.; Radecki, J.; Radecka, H.; Kumar, G. Individual and Simultaneous Voltammetric Sensing of Norepinephrine and Tyramine Based on Poly(L-Arginine)/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite Film Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode. J. Electroanal. Chem. 2020, 878, 114531–114540. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114531.
- Formisano, F.; Fiorentino, A.; Rizzo, L.; Carotenuto, M.; Pucci, L.; Giugni, M.; Lofrano, G. Inactivation of E. coli and Enterococci in Urban Wastewater by Sunlight/PAA and Sunlight/H2O2 Processes. Process. Saf. Environ. Protect. 2016, 104, 178–184. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2016.09.003.
- Caretti, C.; Lubello, C. Wastewater Disinfection with PAA and UV Combined Treatment; a Pilot Plant Study. Water Res 2003, 37, 2365–2371. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(03)00025-3.
- Tshangana, C.; Chabalala, B.; Muleja, A.; Nxumalo, E.; Mamba, B. Shape-Dependent Photocatalytic and Antimicrobial Activity of ZnO Nanostructures When Conjugated to Graphene Quantum Dots. J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 2020, 8, 103930. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2020.103930.
- Dong, Y.; Shao, J.; Chen, C.; Li, H.; Wang, R.; Chi, Y.; Lin, X.; Chen, G. Blue Luminescent Graphene Quantum Dots and Graphene Oxide Prepared by Tuning Carbonization Degree of Citric Acid. Carbon. 2012, 50, 4738–4473. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2012.06.002.
- Shafaee, M.; Goharshadi, E. K.; Mashreghi, M.; Sadeghinia, S. TiO2 Nanoparticles and TiO2@Graphene Quantum Dots Nancomposites as Effective Visible/Solar Light Photocatalysts. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chem. 2018, 357, 90–102. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2018.02.019.
- Zhang, L.; Li, H.; Liu, Y.; Tian, Z.; Yang, B.; Sun, Z.; Yan, S. Adsorption-Photocatalytic Degradation of Methyl Orange over a Facile One-Step Hydrothermally Synthesized TiO2/ZnO-NH2-RGO Nanocomposite. RSC Adv. 2014, 4, 48703–48711. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/C4RA09227A.
- Flores, M. J.; Lescano, M. R.; Brandi, R. J.; Cassano, A. E.; Labas, M. D. A Novel Approach to Explain the Mechanism of E.coli Employing Commercially Available Peracetic Acid. Water. Sci. Tech. 2014, 69, 358–363. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.721.
- Sapra, S.; Sarma, D. D. Simultaneous Control of Nanocrystal Size and Nanocrystal-Nanocrystal Separation in CdS Nanocrystal Assembly. Pramana. J. Phys. 2005, 65, 565–570. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03010444.
- Nzaba, S. K. M.; Ntsendwana, B.; Mamba, B. B.; Kuvarega, A. T. PAMAM Templated N, Pt co-Doped TiO2 for Visible Light Photodegradation of Brilliant Black. Environ. Chem. Eng. 2018, 6, 15146–15158.
- Wu, W.; Tian, D.; Liu, T.; Chen, J.; Huang, T.; Zhou, X.; Zhang, Y. Degradation of Organic Compounds by Peracetic Acid Activated with Co3O4: A Novel Advanced Oxidation Process and Organic Radical Contribution. Chem. Eng. J. 2020, 394, 124938. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.124938.
- Wang, Z.; Wang, J.; Xiong, B.; Bai, F.; Wang, S.; Wan, Y.; Zhang, L.; Xie, P.; Wiesner, M. R. Application of Cobalt/Peracetic Acid to Degrade Sulfamethoxazole at Neutral Condition: Efficiency and Mechanisms. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2020, 54, 464–475. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b04528.
- Zhou, X.; Wu, H.; Zhang, L.; Liang, B.; Sun, X.; Chen, B. Activation of Peracetic Acid with Lanthanum Cobaltite Perovskite for Sulfamethoxazole Degradation under a Neutral pH: The Contribution of Organic Radicals. Molecules. 2020, 25, 2725–2734. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25122725.
- Akpan, U. G.; Hameed, B. H. Parameters Affecting the Photocatalytic Degradation of Dyes Using TiO2-Based Photocatalysts: A Review. J. Hazard. Mater. 2009, 30170, 520–529. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.05.039.
- Shao, M.; Han, J.; Wei, M.; Evans, D. G.; Duan, X. The Synthesis of Hierarchical Zn-Ti Layered Double Hydroxide for Efficient Visible-Light Photocatalysis. Chem. Eng. J. 2011, 168, 519–524. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2011.01.016.
- Xiang, X.; Xie, L.; Li, Z.; Li, F. Ternary MgO/ZnO/In2O3 Heterostructured Photocatalysts Derived from a Layered Precursor and Visible-Light-Induced Photocatalytic Activity. Chem. Eng. J. 2013, 221, 222–229. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2013.02.030.
- Karimi, H.; Rajabi, H. R.; Kavoshi, L. Application of Decorated Magnetic Nanophotocatalysts for Efficient Photodegradation of Organic Dye: A Comparison Study on Photocatalytic Activity of Magnetic Zinc Sulfide and Graphene Quantum Dots. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chem. 2020, 397, 112534–112341. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112534.
- Chakrabarti, S.; Dutta, B. K. Photocatalytic Degradation of Model Textile Dyes in Wastewater Using ZnO as Semiconductor Catalyst. J. Hazard. Mater. 2004, 112, 269–278. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2004.05.013.
- Chen, J.; Zhang, L.; Huang, T.; Li, W.; Wang, Y.; Wang, Z. Decolorization of Azo Dye by Peroxymonosulfate Activated by Carbon Nanotube Radical versus Non-Radical Mechanism. J. Hazard. Mater. 2016, 320, 571–580.
- Wang, L.; Yao, Y. Y.; Zhang, Z. H.; Sun, L. J.; Lu, W. Y.; Chen, W. X.; Chen, H. X. Activated Carbon Fibers as Excellent Partner of Fenton Catalyst for Dyes Decolorization by Combination of Adsorption and Oxidation. J Chem. Eng. 2014, 251, 348–354. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2014.04.088.
- Johnsen, D.; Zhang, Z.; Emamipour, H.; Yan, Z.; Rood, M. Effect of Isobutene Adsorption on the Electrical Resistivity of Activated Carbon Fiber Cloth with Select Physical and Chemical Properties. Carbon. 2014, 76, 435–445. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2014.05.010.
- Bokare, A. D.; Choi, W. Y. Review of Iron-Free Fenton-like Systems for Activating H2O2 in Advanced Oxidation Processes. J. Hazard. Mater. 2014, 275, 121–135.
- Bach, R. D.; Ayala, P. Y.; Schlegel, H. B. A Reassessment of the Bond Dissociation Energies of Peroxides an Ab Initio Study. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 12758–12765. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/ja961838i.
- Rokhina, E.; Makarova, K.; Golovina, E.; Van As, H.; Virkutyte, J. Van as, H.; Virkutyte B, Free Radical Reaction Pathway, Thermochemistry of Peracetic Acid Homolysis and Its Application for Phenol Degradation: spectroscopic Study and Quantum Chemistry Calculations. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2010, 44, 6815–6821. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/es1009136.
- Rojas-Andrade, M. D.; Nguyen, T. A.; Mistler, W. P.; Armas, J.; Lu, J. E.; Roseman, G.; William, Hollingsworth, R.; Nichols, F.; Glenn, L.; Alexander, Ayzner, A.; et al. Antimicrobial Activity of Graphene Oxide Quantum Dots: Impacts of Chemical Reduction. Nanoscale Adv. 2020, 2, 1074–1083. 2DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/C9NA00698B.
- Koivunen, J.; Heinonen-Tanski, H. Inactivation of Enteric Microorganisms with Chemical Disinfectants, UV Irradiation and Combined Chemical/UV Treatments. Water. Res 2005, 9, 1519–1526.
- Luukkonen, T.; Simo.; O.; Pehkonen. Peracids in Water Treatment: A Critical Review. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology 2017, 47, 1–39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10643389.2016.1272343.
- Marjani, A.; Golalipour, M. J.; Gharravi, A. M. The Effects of Subacute Exposure of Peracetic Acid on Lipid Peroxidation and Hepatic Enzymes in Wistar Rats. Oman Med. J. 2010, 25, 256–260.
- Patra, P.; Roy, S.; Sarkar, S.; Mitra, S.; Pradhan, S.; Debnath, N.; Goswami, A. Damage of Lipopolysaccharides in Outer Cell Membrane and Production of ROS-Mediated Stress within Bacteria Makes Nano Zinc Oxide a Bactericidal Agent. Appl. Nanosci. 2015, 5, 857–866. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-014-0389-z.
- Kholikov, K.; Ilhom, S.; Sajjad, M.; Smith, M.; Monroe, J.; San, O.; Er, A. O. Improved Singlet Oxygen Generation and Antimicrobial Activity of Sulphur-Doped Graphene Quantum Dots Coupled with Methylene Blue for Photodynamic Therapy Applications. Photodiagnosis Photodyn. Ther. 2018, 24, 7–14.
- Rajendiran, K.; Zhao, Z.; Pei, D.; Fu, A. Antimicrobial Activity and Mechanism of Functionalized Quantum Dots. Polymers 2019, 11, 1670–1681. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11101670.
- Zhang, Y.; Zhang, D.; Liu, A. H. Luminescent Molecularly Imprinted Polymers Based on Covalent Organic Frameworks and Quantum Dots with Strong Optical Response to Quinoxaline-2-Carboxylicacid. Polymers 2019, 11, 708–716.
- Ulbin-Figlewicz, N.; Jarmoluk, A.; Marycz, K. Antimicrobial Activity of Low-Pressure Plasma Treatment against Selected Foodborne Bacteria and Meat Microbiota. Ann. Microbiol. 2015, 65, 1537–1546.
- Tyagi, A. K.; Malik, A. Morphostructural Damage in Food-Spoiling Bacteria Due to the Lemon Grass Oil and Its Vapour: SEM, TEM, and AFM Investigations. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med . 2012, 2012, 692625–692634. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/692625.
- Tang, Y.; Ashcroft, J.; Chen, D.; Min, G.; Kim, C.-H.; Murkhejee, B.; Larabell, C.; Keasling, J.; Chen, F. F. Charge-Associated Effects of Fullerene Derivatives on Microbial Structural Integrity and Central Metabolism. Nano Lett. 2007, 7, 754–760.
- Joux, F.; Lebaron, P. Use of Fluorescent Probes to Assess Physiological Functions of Bacteria at Single-Cell Level. Microbes Infect. 2000, 2, 1523–1535.
- Zhang, C.; Brown, P. J. B.; Miles, R. J.; White, T. A.; Grant, D. G.; Stalla, D. Inhibition of Regrowth of Planktonic and Biofilm Bacteria after Peracetic Acid Disinfection. Water Res. 2019, 149, 640–649.
- Antonelli, M.; Rossi, S.; Mezzanotte, V.; Nurizzo, C. Secondary Effluent Disinfection: PAA Long Term Efficiency. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2006, 40, 4771–4775. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/es060273f.
- Tang, D.; Liu, J.; Yan, X.; Kang, L. Graphene Oxide Derived Graphene Quantum Dots with Different Photoluminescence Properties and Peroxidase-like Catalytic Activity. RSC Adv. 2016, 6, 50609–50617. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/C5RA26279H.
- Zhu, S.; Zhang, J.; Qiao, C.; Tang, S.; Li, Y.; Yuan, W.; Li, B.; Tian, L.; Liu, F.; Hu, R.; et al. Strongly Green-Photoluminescent Graphene Quantum Dots for Bioimaging Applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011, 47, 6858–6860.
- Lu, Q.; Wu, C.; Liu, D.; Wang, H.; Su, W.; Li, H.; Zhang, Y.; Yao, S. A Facile and Simple Method of Synthesis of Graphene Oxide Quantum Dots from Carbon Black. Green Chem. 2017, 19, 900–904. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/C6GC03092K.
- Hu, C.; Su, T. R.; Lin, T. J.; Chang, C. W.; Tung, K. Yellowish and Blue Luminescent Graphene Oxide Quantum Dots Prepared via a Microwave Assisted Hydrothermal Route Using H2O2 and KMnO4 as Oxidizing Agents. New J. Chem. 2018, 42, 3999–4007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/C7NJ03337K.
- Tetsuka, H.; Asahi, R.; Nagoya, A.; Okamoto, K.; Tajima, I.; Ohta, R.; Okamoto, A. Optically Tunable Amino-Functionalized Graphene Quantum Dots. Adv. Mater. 2012, 24, 5333–5338.
- Hashemzadeh, H.; Hasanzadeh, M.; Shadjou, N.; Eivazi-Ziaei, J.; Khoubnasabjafari, M.; Jouyban, A. Graphene Quantum Dot Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode for the Determination of Doxorubicin Hydrochloride in Human Plasma. J. Pharm. Anal 2016, 6, 235–241. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpha.2016.03.003.
- Sobon, G.; Sotor, J.; Jagiello, J.; Kozinski, R.; Zdrojek, M.; Holdynski, M.; Paletko, P.; Boguslawski, J.; Lipinska, L.; Abramski, K. M. Graphene Oxide vs. reduced Graphene Oxide as Saturable Absorbers for Er-Doped Passively Mode-Locked Fiber Laser. Opt. Express. 2012, 20, 19463–19473.
- Tshangana, C. S.; Muleja, A. A.; Kuvarega, A. T.; Malefetse, T. J.; Mamba, B. B. The Applications of Graphene Oxide Quantum Dots in the Removal of Emerging Pollutants in Water: An Overview. J. Water Process Eng. 2021, 43, 102249. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2021.102249.