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Original Articles

An improved method for estimating soil ingestion in children and adults

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Pages 363-371 | Received 21 Jul 1992, Published online: 15 Dec 2008

References

  • Binder , S. , Sokal , D. and Maughan , D. 1986 . Estimating Soil ingestion: The Use of Tracer Elements in Estimating the Amount of Soil Ingested by Young Children . Arch. Env. Hlth. , 41 (6) : 341 – 345 .
  • Clausing , P. , Brunekreef , B. and Van Wijnen , J.H. 1987 . A Method for Estimating Soil Ingestion by Children . Int. Arch. Occup. Env. Hlth. , 59 : 73 – 82 .
  • Calabrese , E.J. , Barnes , R. , Stanek , E.J. III , Pastides , H. , Gilbert , C.E. , Veneman , P. , Wang , X. , Lasztity , A. and Kostecki , P.T. 1989 . How Much Soil Do Young Children Ingest: An Epidemiologic Study . Reg. Toxic, and Pharm. , 10 : 123 – 137 .
  • Davis , S. , Waller , P. , Buschbom , R. , Ballou , J. and White , P. 1990 . Quantitative Estimates of Soil Ingestion in Normal Children Between the Ages of 2 and 7 Years: Population‐based Estimates Using Aluminum, Silicon, and Titanium as Soil Tracer Elements . Arch. Env. Hlth. , 45 (2) : 112 – 122 .
  • van Wijnen , J.H. , Causing , P. and Brunekreef , B. 1990 . Estimated Soil Ingestion by Children . Env. Research , 51 : 147 – 162 .
  • Stanek , E.J. III and Calabrese , E.J. 1991 . A Guide to interpreting Soil Ingestion Studies. I. Development of a Model to Estimate the Soil Ingestion Detection Level of Soil Ingestion Studies . Reg. Toxic. and Pharm. , 13 : 263 – 277 .
  • Calabrese , E.J. and Stanek , E.J. III . 1991 . A Guide to Interpreting Soil Ingestion Studies. II. Qualitative and Quantitative Evidence of Soil Ingestion . Reg. Toxic. and Pharm. , 13 : 278 – 292 .
  • Calabrese , E.J. , Stanek , E.J. III , Gilbert , C.E. and Barnes , R. 1990 . Preliminary Adult Soil Ingestion Estimates: Results of a Pilot Study . Reg. Toxic. and Pharm. , 12 : 88 – 95 .

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