1,404
Views
21
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Investigating palygorskite’s role in the development of mesothelioma in southern Nevada: Insights into fiber-induced carcinogenicity

, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , & show all

References

  • Álvarez, A., J. Santarén, A. Esteban-Cubillo, and P. Aparicio. 2011. Current industrial applications of palygorskite and sepiolite. In Developments in clay science, ed. E. Galàn, and A. Singer, chap. 12. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
  • Baris, Y. I., A. A. Sahin, M. Ozesmi, I. Kerse, E. Ozen, B. Kolacan, M. Altinors, and A. Goktepeli. 1978. An outbreak of pleural mesothelioma and chronic fibrosing pleurisy in the village of Karain/Urgup in Anatolia. Thorax 33:181–92. doi:10.1136/thx.33.2.181.
  • Baumann, F., J.-P. Ambrosi, and M. Carbone. 2013. Asbestos is not just asbestos: An unrecognised health hazard. Lancet Oncology 14:576–78. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70257-2.
  • Baumann, F., B. J. Buck, R. V. Metcalf, B. T. McLaurin, D. J. Merkler, and M. Carbone. 2015. The presence of asbestos in the natural environment is likely related to mesothelioma in young individuals and women from southern Nevada. Journal of Thoracic Oncology 10:731–37. doi:10.1097/JTO.0000000000000506.
  • Baumann, F., P. Maurizot, M. Mangeas, J.-P. Ambrosi, J. Douwes, and B. Robineau. 2011. Pleural mesothelioma in New Caledonia: Associations with environmental risk factors. Environmental health perspectives 119:695–700. doi:10.1289/ehp.1002862.
  • Baumgarth, N., and M. Roederer. 2000. A practical approach to multicolor flow cytometry for immunophenotyping. Journal of immunological methods 243:77–97. doi:10.1016/S0022-1759(00)00229-5.
  • Bish, D. L., and G. D. Guthrie. 1993. Mineralogy of clay and zeolite dusts (exclusive of 1:1 layer silicates). In Reviews in mineralogy, ed. G. D. Guthrie and B. T. Mossman., 139–184. Chantilly, VA, USA: Mineralogical Society of America.
  • Boffetta, P. 2004. Epidemiology of environmental and occupational cancer. Oncogene 23:6392–403. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1207715.
  • Brock, A. L. 2007. Characterization of stage VI petrocalcic horizons: S. Nevada and N.W. Arizona. PhD dissertation, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV.
  • Brock, A. L., and B. Buck. 2009. Polygenetic development of the Mormon Mesa, NV petrocalcic horizons: Geomorphic and paleoenvironmental interpretations. Catena 77:65–75. doi:10.1016/j.catena.2008.12.008.
  • Brock, A. L., and B. J. Buck. 2005. A new formation process for calcic pendants from Pahranagat Valley, Nevada, USA, and implication for dating Quaternary landforms. Quaternary Research 63:359–67. doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2005.01.007.
  • Brock-Hon, A. L., C. R. Robins, and B. J. Buck. 2012. Micromorphological investigation of pedogenic barite in Mormon Mesa petrocalcic horizons, Nevada USA: Implication for genesis. Geoderma 179–180:1–8. doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.02.012.
  • Buck, B. J., D. Goossens, R. V. Metcalf, B. McLaurin, M. Ren, and F. Freudenberger. 2013. Naturally occurring asbestos: Potential for human exposure, southern Nevada, USA. Soil Science Society of America Journal 77:2192–204. doi:10.2136/sssaj2013.05.0183.
  • Callen, R. A. 1984. Clays of the palygorskite-sepiolite group: Depositional environment, age and distribution. In Palygorskite–sepiolite: Occurrence, genesis and uses, ed. A. Singer and E. Galan, 1–37. New York, NY: Elsevier.
  • Cao, S., S. Jin, J. Cao, J. Shen, J. Hu, D. Che, B. Pan, J. Zhang, X. He, D. Ding, F. Gu, and Y. Yu. 2015. Advances in malignant peritoneal mesothelioma. International Journal of Colorectal Disease 30:1–10. doi:10.1007/s00384-014-2029-1.
  • Carbone, M. 1999. Simian virus 40 and human tumors: It is time to study mechanisms. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 76:189–93. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4644(20000201)76:2<189::AID-JCB3>3.0.CO;2-J.
  • Carbone, M., Y. I. Baris, P. Bertino, B. Brass, S. Comertpay, A. U. Dogan, G. Gaudino, S. Jube, S. Kanodia, C. R. Partridge, H. I. Pass, Z. S. Rivera, I. Steele, M. Tuncer, S. Way, H. Yang, and A. Miller. 2011. Erionite exposure in North Dakota and Turkish villages with mesothelioma. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 108:13618–23. doi:10.1073/pnas.1105887108.
  • Carbone, M., G. Klein, J. Gruber, and M. Wong. 2004. Modern criteria to establish human cancer etiology. Cancer Research 64:5518–24. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-0255.
  • Carbone, M., P. Rizzo, and H. Pass. 2000. Simian virus 40: The link with human malignant mesothelioma is well established. Anticancer Research 20:875–77.
  • Carbone, M., and H. Yang. 2012. Molecular pathways: Targeting mechanisms of asbestos and erionite carcinogenesis in mesothelioma. Clinical Cancer Research 18:598–604. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-11-2259.
  • Carbone, M., H. Yang, H. I. Pass, T. Krausz, J. R. Testa, and G. Gaudino. 2013. BAP1 and cancer. Nature Reviews Cancer 13:153–59. doi:10.1038/nrc3459.
  • Chamberlain, M., R. Davies, R. C. Brown, and D. M. Griffiths. 1982. In vitro tests for the pathogenicity of mineral dusts. Annals of Occupational Hygiene 26:583–92. doi:10.1093/annhyg/26.5.583.
  • Churg, A., and B. Wiggs. 1984. Fiber size and number in amphibole asbestos-induced mesothelioma. American Journal of Pathology 115:437–42.
  • Cyphert, J. M., D. J. Carlin, A. Nyska, M. C. Schladweiler, A. D. Ledbetter, J. H. Shannahan, U. P. Kodavanti, and S. H. Gavett. 2015. Comparative long-term toxicity of Libby amphibole and amosite asbestos in rats after single or multiple intratracheal exposures. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A 78:151–65. doi:10.1080/15287394.2014.947455.
  • Dogan, A. U. 2003. Zeolite mineralogy and Cappadocian erionite. Indoor and Built Environment 12:337–42. doi:10.1177/142032603036408.
  • Dogan, A. U., Y. I. Baris, M. Dogan, S. Emri, I. Steele, A. G. Elmishad, and M. Carbone. 2006. Genetic predisposition to fiber carcinogenesis causes a mesothelioma epidemic in Turkey. Cancer Research 66:5063–68. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-4642.
  • Flores, R. M. 2009. Surgical options in malignant pleural mesothelioma: Extrapleural pneumonectomy or pleurectomy/decortication. Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 21:149–53. doi:10.1053/j.semtcvs.2009.06.008.
  • Galan, E. 1996. Properties and applications of palygorskite-sepiolite clays. Clay Minerals 31:443–53. doi:10.1180/claymin.
  • Galàn, E., and A. Singer. 2011. Developments in palygorskite–sepiolite research, A new outlook on these nanomaterials, Developments in Clay Science, Vol. 3. Oxford, UK: Elsevier.
  • Garcia, J. G., R. F. Dodson, and K. S. Callahan. 1989. Effect of environmental particulates on cultured human and bovine endothelium. Cellular injury via an oxidant-dependent pathway. Laboratory Investigation 61:53–61.
  • García-Romero, E., M. Suárez, J. Santarén, and A. Alvarez. 2007. Crystallochemical characterization of the palygorskite and sepiolite from the Allou Kagne deposit, Senegal. Clays and Clay Minerals 55:606–17. doi:10.1346/CCMN.2007.0550608.
  • Gazdar, A. F., and M. Carbone. 2003. Molecular pathogenesis of malignant mesothelioma and its relationship to simian virus 40. Clinical Lung Cancer 5:177–81. doi:10.3816/CLC.2003.n.031.
  • Gibbs, A. E., J. R. Hein, S. D. Lewis, and D. S. McCulloch. 1993. Hydrothermal palygorskite and ferromanganese mineralization at a central California margin fracture zone. Marine Geology 115:47–65. doi:10.1016/0025-3227(93)90074-6.
  • Gibbs, A. R. 1990. Role of asbestos and other fibres in the development of diffuse malignant mesothelioma. Thorax 45:649–54. doi:10.1136/thx.45.9.649.
  • Goossens, D., and B. Buck. 2009. Dust dynamics in off-road vehicle trails: Measurements on 16 arid soil types, Nevada, USA. Journal of Environmental Management 90:3458–69. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.05.031.
  • Goossens, D., B. Buck, and B. McLaurin. 2012. Contributions to atmospheric dust production of natural and anthropogenic emissions in a recreational area designated for off-road vehicular activity (Nellis Dunes, Nevada, USA). Journal of Arid Environments 78:80–99. doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2011.10.015.
  • Goossens, D., and B. J. Buck. 2011. Effects of wind erosion, off-road vehicular activity, atmospheric conditions and the proximity of a metropolitan area on PM10 characteristics in a recreational site. Atmospheric Environment 45:94–107. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.09.046.
  • Graham, R. C., and A. T. O’Geen. 2010. Soil mineralogy trends in California landscapes. Geoderma 154:418–37. doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.05.018.
  • Hillegass, J. M., J. M. Miller, M. B. MacPherson, C. M. Westbom, M. Sayan, J. K. Thompson, S. L. Macura, T. N. Perkins, S. L. Beuschel, V. Alexeeva, H. I. Pass, C. Steele, B. T. Mossman, and A. Shukla. 2013. Asbestos and erionite prime and activate the NLRP3 inflammasome that stimulates autocrine cytokine release in human mesothelial cells. Particle and Fibre Toxicology 10:39. doi:10.1186/1743-8977-10-39.
  • Hillegass, J. M., A. Shukla, S. A. Lathrop, M. B. MacPherson, S. L. Beuschel, K. J. Butnor, J. R. Testa, H. I. Pass, M. Carbone, C. Steele, and B. T. Mossman. 2010. Inflammation precedes the development of human malignant mesotheliomas in a SCID mouse xenograft model. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1203:7–14. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05554.x.
  • Huggins, C. W., H. R. Shell, and M. V. Denny. 1962. Properties of palygorskite, an asbestiform mineral. Spokane, Washington: US Bureau of Mines, Report of Investigation 6071.
  • IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. 1997. Lyon, France. Palygorskite (attapulgite). In Silica, some silicates, coal dust and para-aramid fibrils.
  • Igney, F. H., and P. H. Krammer. 2002. Immune escape of tumors: Apoptosis resistance and tumor counterattack. Journal of Leukocyte Biology 71:907–20.
  • Jaurand, M. C., J. Fleury, G. Monchaux, M. Nebut, and J. Bignon. 1987. Pleural carcinogenic potency of mineral fibers (asbestos, attapulgite) and their cytotoxicity on cultured cells. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 79:797–804.
  • Jube, S., Z. S. Rivera, M. E. Bianchi, A. Powers, E. Wang, I. Pagano, H. I. Pass, G. Gaudino, M. Carbone, and H. Yang. 2012. Cancer cell secretion of the DAMP protein HMGB1 supports progression in malignant mesothelioma. Cancer Research 72:3290–301. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-3481.
  • Kagan, E. 2013. Asbestos-induced mesothelioma: Is fiber biopersistence really a critical factor? American Journal of Pathology 183:1378–81. doi:10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.09.005.
  • Kodavanti, U. P., D. Andrews, M. C. Schladweiler, S. H. Gavett, D. E. Dodd, and J. M. Cyphert. 2014. Early and delayed effects of naturally-occurring asbestos on serum biomarkers of inflammation and metabolism. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A 77:1024–39. doi:10.1080/15287394.2014.899171.
  • Kroczynska, B., R. Cutrone, M. Bocchetta, H. Yang, A. G. Elmishad, P. Vacek, M. Ramos-Nino, B. T. Mossman, H. I. Pass, and M. Carbone. 2006. Crocidolite asbestos and SV40 are cocarcinogens in human mesothelial cells and in causing mesothelioma in hamsters. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 103:14128–33. doi:10.1073/pnas.0604544103.
  • Larson, D., and E. Mitre. 2012. Histamine release and surface CD200R1 staining as sensitive methods for assessing murine mast cell activation. Journal of Immunological Methods 379:15–22. doi:10.1016/j.jim.2012.02.014.
  • Linton, A., N. Van Zandwijk, G. Reid, S. Clarke, C. Cao, and S. Kao. 2012a. Inflammation in malignant mesothelioma—Friend or foe? Annals Cardiothoracic Surgery 1:516–22.
  • Linton, A., J. Vardy, S. Clarke, and N. Van Zandwijk. 2012b. The ticking time-bomb of asbestos: Its insidious role in the development of malignant mesothelioma. Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology 84:200–12. doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2012.03.001.
  • Ludington, S., B. C. Moring, R. J. Miller, K. S. Flynn, and M. J. Hopkins. 2005. Preliminary integrated databases for the United States. Western States: California, Nevada, Arizona, and Washington, U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report OFR 2005-1305. Reston, VA: U.S. Geological Survey.
  • Metcalf, R. V., and B. J. Buck. 2015. Genesis and health risk implications of an unusual occurrence of fibrous NaFe3+-amphibole. Geology 43:63–66. doi:10.1130/G36199.1.
  • Miles, W. J. 2011. Amargosa sepiolite and saponite: Geology, mineralogy, and markets. In Developments in clay science, ed. G. Emilio and S. Arieh, chap. 11. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier.
  • Miller, A. C., and R. Hassan. 2012. Clinical and pathological features are still the best determinants of prognosis in mesothelioma. Oncology (Williston Park) 26:1176, 1178, 1180.
  • Miller, J., and A. Shukla. 2012. The role of inflammation in development and therapy of malignant mesothelioma. American Medical Journal 3:240–48. doi:10.3844/amjsp.2012.240.248.
  • Nadeau, D., L. Fouquette-Couture, D. Paradis, J. Khorami, D. Lane, and J. Dunnigan. 1987. Cytotoxicity of respirable dusts fron industrial hinerals: Comparison of two naturally occurring and two man-made silicates. Drug and Chemical Toxicology 10:49–86. doi:10.3109/01480548709042583.
  • Napolitano, A., L. Pellegrini, A. Dey, D. Larson, M. Tanji, E. G. Flores, B. Kendrick, D. Lapid, A. Powers, S. Kanodia, S. Pastorino, H. I. Pass, V. Dixit, H. Yang, and M. Carbone. 2016. Minimal asbestos exposure in germline BAP1 heterozygous mice is associated with deregulated inflammatory response and increased risk of mesothelioma. Oncogene 35:1996–2002. doi:10.1038/onc2015.243.
  • Noy, R., and J. W. Pollard. 2014. Tumor-associated macrophages: From mechanisms to therapy. Immunity 41 (1):49–61. doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2014.06.010.
  • Omenn, G. S., J. Merchant, E. Boatman, J. M. Dement, M. Kuschner, W. Nicholson, J. Peto, and L. Rosenstock. 1986. Contribution of environmental fibers to respiratory cancer. Environmental Health Perspectives 70:51–56. doi:10.1289/ehp.867051.
  • Oscarson, D. W., G. E. Van Scoyoc, and J. L. Ahlrichs. 1986. Lysis of erythrocytes by silicate minerals. Clays and Clay Minerals 34:74–80. doi:10.1346/CCMN.1986.0340109.
  • Papke, K. G. 1972. A sepiolite-rich playa deposit in southern Nevada. Clays and Clay Minerals 20:211–15. doi:10.1346/CCMN.
  • Pass, H. I., D. Giroux, C. Kennedy, E. Ruffini, A. K. Cangir, D. Rice, H. Asamura, D. Waller, J. Edwards, W. Weder, H. Hoffmann, J. P. Van Meerbeeck, and V. W. Rusch. 2014. Supplementary prognostic variables for pleural mesothelioma: A report from the IASLC staging committee. Journal of Thoracic Oncology 9:856–64. doi:10.1097/JTO.0000000000000181.
  • Pinton, G., A. G. Manente, D. Tavian, L. Moro, and L. Mutti. 2013. Therapies currently in Phase II trials for malignant pleural mesothelioma. Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs 22:1255–63. doi:10.1517/13543784.2013.816281.
  • Post, J. L. 1978. Sepiolite deposits of the Las Vegas, Nevada, area. Clays and Clay Minerals 26:58–64. doi:10.1346/CCMN.
  • Pott, F., and U. Heinrich. 1990. Relative significance of different hydrocarbons for the carcinogenic potency of emissions from various incomplete combustion processes. IARC Scientific Publications 104:288–97.
  • Pott, F., F. Huth, and K. H. Friedrichs. 1974. Tumorigenic effect of fibrous dusts in experimental animals. Environment Health Perspectives 9:313–15.
  • Pott, F., U. Ziem, F.-J. Reiffer, F. Huth, H. Ernst, and U. Mohr. 1987. Carcinogenicity studies on fibres, metal compounds, and some other dusts in rats. Experimental Pathology 32:129–52. doi:10.1016/S0232-1513(87)80044-0.
  • PRISM Climate Group. 2015. Oregon State University. http://prism.oregonstate.edu
  • Qi, F., G. Okimoto, S. Jube, A. Napolitano, H. I. Pass, R. Laczko, R. M. Demay, G. Khan, M. Tiirikainen, C. Rinaudo, A. Croce, H. Yang, G. Gaudino, and M. Carbone. 2013. Continuous exposure to chrysotile asbestos can cause transformation of human mesothelial cells via HMGB1 and TNF-alpha signaling. American Journal of Pathology 183:1654–66. doi:10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.07.029.
  • Redente, E. F., L. D. Dwyer-Nield, D. T. Merrick, K. Raina, R. Agarwal, W. Pao, P. L. Rice, K. R. Shroyer, and A. M. Malkinson. 2010. Tumor progression stage and anatomical site regulate tumor-associated macrophage and bone marrow-derived monocyte polarization. American Journal of Pathology 176:2972–85. doi:10.2353/ajpath.2010.090879.
  • Reheis, M. C., J. M. Sowers, E. M. Taylor, L. D. McFadden, and J. W. Harden. 1992. Morphology and genesis of carbonate soils on the Kyle Canyon fan, Nevada, U.S.A. Geoderma 52:303–42. doi:10.1016/0016-7061(92)90044-8.
  • Reiss, B., J. R. Millette, and G. M. Williams. 1980. The activity of environmental samples in a cell culture test for asbestos toxicity. Environmental Research 22:315–21. doi:10.1016/0013-9351(80)90144-9.
  • Renier, A., J. Fleury, G. Monchaux, M. Nebut, J. Bignon, and M. C. Jaurand. 1989. Toxicity of an attapulgite sample studied in vivo and in vitro. IARC Scientific Publications 90:180–84.
  • Robins, C. R. 2010. Phyllosilicate mineralogy, 40Ar/39Ar geochronology, and genesis of petrocalcic soils in the southwest U.S.A. PhD dissertation, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV.
  • Robins, C. R., A. L. Brock-Hon, and B. J. Buck. 2012. Conceptual mineral genesis models for calcic pendants and petrocalcic horizons, Nevada. Soil Science Society of America Journal 76:1887–903. doi:10.2136/sssaj2012.0073.
  • Robins, C. R., B. J. Buck, T. L. Spell, D. Soukup, and S. Steinberg. 2014. Testing the applicability of vacuum-encapsulated 40Ar/39Ar geochronology to pedogenic palygorskite and sepiolite. Quaternary Geochronology 20:8–22. doi:10.1016/j.quageo.2013.09.006.
  • Robinson, C., I. Van Bruggen, A. Segal, M. Dunham, A. Sherwood, F. Koentgen, B. W. Robinson, and R. A. Lake. 2006. A novel SV40 TAg transgenic model of asbestos-induced mesothelioma: Malignant transformation is dose dependent. Cancer Research 66:10786–94. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-4668.
  • Robinson, C., A. Walsh, I. Larma, S. O’Halloran, A. K. Nowak, and R. A. Lake. 2011. MexTAg mice exposed to asbestos develop cancer that faithfully replicates key features of the pathogenesis of human mesothelioma. European Journal of Cancer 47:151–61. doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2010.08.015.
  • Rodelsperger, K., B. Bruckel, J. Manke, H. J. Woitowitz, and F. Pott. 1987. Potential health risks from the use of fibrous mineral absorption granulates. British Journal of Industrial Medicine 44:337–43.
  • Rusch, V. W., D. Giroux, C. Kennedy, E. Ruffini, A. K. Cangir, D. Rice, H. Pass, H. Asamura, D. Waller, J. Edwards, W. Weder, H. Hoffmann, and J. P. Van Meerbeeck. 2012. Initial analysis of the international association for the study of lung cancer mesothelioma database. Journal of Thoracic Oncology 7:1631–39. doi:10.1097/JTO.0b013e31826915f1.
  • Singer, A. 1989. Palygorskite and sepiolite group minerals. In Minerals in soil environments, ed. J. B. Dixon and S. B. Weed. 829–872. Madison, WI: Society of America.
  • Soukup, D., B. Buck, D. Goossens, A. L. Ulery, B. T. McLaurin, D. Baron, and Y. Teng. 2012. Arsenic concentrations in dust emissions from wind erosion and off-road vehicles in the Nellis Dunes Recreational Area, Nevada, USA. Aeolian Research 5:77–89. doi:10.1016/j.aeolia.2011.11.001.
  • Soukup, D. A., B. J. Buck, and W. Harris. 2008. Preparing soils for mineralogical analysis. In Methods of soil analysis: Mineralogical methods. Part 5, ed. L. Drees and A. Ulery, 13–31. Madison, WI: Soil Science Society of America.
  • Stanton, M. F., M. Layard, A. Tegeris, E. Miller, M. May, E. Morgan, and A. Smith. 1981. Relation of particle dimension to carcinogenicity in amphibole asbestoses and other fibrous minerals. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 67:965–75.
  • Stanton, M. F., M. Laynard, A. Tegeris, E. Miller, M. May, and E. Kent. 1977. Carcinogenicity of fibrous glass: Pleural response in the rat in relation to fiber dimension. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 58:587–603.
  • Suárez, M., and E. García-Romero. 2011. Chapter 2 - Advances in the crystal chemistry of sepiolite and palygorskite. In Developments in clay science, ed. E. Galàn and A. Singer, 33–65. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
  • Wagner, J. C., D. M. Griffiths, and D. E. Munday. 1987. Experimental studies with palygorskite dusts. British Journal Indust Medica 44:749–63.
  • Wylie, A. G., and P. A. Candela. 2015. Methodologies for determining the sources, characteristics, distribution, and abundance of asbestiform and nonasbestiform amphibole and serpentine in ambient air and water. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B 18:1–42. doi:10.1080/10937404.2014.997945.
  • Yang, H., M. Bocchetta, B. Kroczynska, A. G. Elmishad, Y. Chen, Z. Liu, C. Bubici, B. T. Mossman, H. I. Pass, J. R. Testa, G. Franzoso, and M. Carbone. 2006. TNF-alpha inhibits asbestos-induced cytotoxicity via a NF-kappaB-dependent pathway, a possible mechanism for asbestos-induced oncogenesis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 103:10397–402. doi:10.1073/pnas.0604008103.
  • Yang, H., Z. Rivera, S. Jube, M. Nasu, P. Bertino, C. Goparaju, G. Franzoso, M. T. Lotze, T. Krausz, H. I. Pass, M. E. Bianchi, and M. Carbone. 2010. Programmed necrosis induced by asbestos in human mesothelial cells causes high-mobility group box 1 protein release and resultant inflammation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107:12611–16. doi:10.1073/pnas.1006542107.
  • Yegles, M., X. Janson, H. Y. Dong, A. Renier, and M. C. Jaurand. 1995. Role of fibre characteristics on cytotoxicity and induction of anaphase/telophase aberrations in rat pleural mesothelial cells in vitro: Correlations with in vivo animal findings. Carcinogenesis 16:2751–58. doi:10.1093/carcin/16.11.2751.
  • Zaynagetdinov, R., T. P. Sherrill, V. V. Polosukhin, W. Han, J. A. Ausborn, A. G. McLoed, F. B. McMahon, L. A. Gleaves, A. L. Degryse, G. T. Stathopoulos, F. E. Yull, and T. S. Blackwell. 2011. A critical role for macrophages in promotion of urethane-induced lung carcinogenesis. Journal of Immunology 187:5703–11. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1100558.
  • Zhang, M., Y. He, X. Sun, Q. Li, W. Wang, A. Zhao, and W. Di. 2014. A high M1/M2 ratio of tumor-associated macrophages is associated with extended survival in ovarian cancer patients. Journal of Ovarian Research 7:19. doi:10.1186/1757-2215-7-19.